Centos7.6安裝python3.7
本文共有3714個(gè)字，關(guān)鍵詞：python、install、centos7.3、python3.7
1.首先來(lái)看一下系統(tǒng)版本
[root@python3 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
2.更新一下yum源，yum源我這里用的都是阿里云的源
[root@python3 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@python3 yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[root@python3 yum.repos.d]# mv * bak
[root@python3 yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@python3 yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
3.安裝python3.7之前需要先安裝一些依賴(lài)，，這也是上面更新yum源的原因
[root@python3 ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel openssl-static ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel lzma gcc
[root@python3 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
不安裝也有可能不會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，但是安裝了一定不會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，安不安裝自己把握。
4.下載python3.7安裝包，方法很多，我這里直接用wget從官網(wǎng)上下載
[root@python3 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@python3 src]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
將安裝包下載到/usr/local/src/目錄下
5.解壓&&移動(dòng)
[root@python3 src]# tar xvf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
[root@python3 src]# mv Python-3.7.0 /usr/local/python-3.7
[root@python3 src]# cd /usr/local/python-3.7/
6.安裝&&編譯
[root@python3 python-3.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sbin/python-3.7
將python3.7安裝到/usr/local/sbin/python-3.7目錄下
[root@python3 python-3.7]# make && make install
安裝完成后，若出現(xiàn)以下兩行，說(shuō)明安裝成功；
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-10.0.1 setuptools-39.0.1
7.安裝成功之后就能使用了
[root@python3 python-3.7]# /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3Python 3.7.0 (default, Mar 15 2019, 00:44:37) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>>exit
雖然能用了，但是命令較長(zhǎng)使用起來(lái)并不方便,we konw 系統(tǒng)本身是帶的有python的，看一下版本
[root@python3 ~]# python -V
Python 2.7.5
8.看一下python命令的絕對(duì)路徑
[root@python3 ~]# which python
/usr/bin/python
[root@python3 ~]# ll /usr/bin/ |grep python
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 11312 Nov 14 00:00 abrt-action-analyze-python
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Mar 14 18:19 python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Mar 14 18:19 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7216 Oct 31 07:46 python2.7
可以看到python命令是通過(guò)軟鏈接連接到python2.7的，[做運(yùn)維的小年輕]那我們現(xiàn)在安裝了python3.7，是不是可以將python命令做一個(gè)軟鏈接鏈接到python3，答案是肯定的。
9.將python命令通過(guò)軟鏈接指向到python3命令（就是上面那一大串/usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3）
[root@python3 ~]# rm -rf /usr/bin/python
[root@python3 ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
‘/usr/bin/python’ -> ‘/usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3’
[root@python3 ~]# ll /usr/bin/ |grep python
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 11312 Nov 14 00:00 abrt-action-analyze-python
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 38 Mar 14 19:24 python -> /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/python3
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Mar 14 18:19 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7216 Oct 31 07:46 python2.7
10.查看現(xiàn)在的默認(rèn)版本
[root@python3 ~]# python -V
Python 3.7.0
11.修改完python默認(rèn)版本之后，會(huì)存不能執(zhí)行yum命令，需要做一些修改，如下：
①將/usr/bin/yum的頂部的：!/usr/bin/python? 改成? !/usr/bin/python2.7 ②將/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down的頂部的：/usr/bin/python? 改為? /usr/bin/python2.7③將/usr/bin/yum-config-manager的頂部的#!/usr/bin/python 改為#!/usr/bin/python2.7?
12.最后將pip指向到python3.7
'''[root@python3 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
[root@python3 ~]# pip --version
pip 10.0.1 from /usr/local/sbin/python-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)'''
打完收工。
