5)、CRUD-員工列表
實驗要求:
1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD滿足Rest風(fēng)格;
URI: /資源名稱/資源標(biāo)識 HTTP請求方式區(qū)分對資源CRUD操作
| 普通CRUD(uri來區(qū)分操作) | RestfulCRUD | |
|---|---|---|
| 查詢 | getEmp | emp---GET |
| 添加 | addEmp?xxx | emp---POST |
| 修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx | emp/{id}---PUT |
| 刪除 | deleteEmp?id=1 | emp/{id}---DELETE |
2)、實驗的請求架構(gòu);
| 實驗功能 | 請求URI | 請求方式 |
|---|---|---|
| 查詢所有員工 | emps | GET |
| 查詢某個員工(來到修改頁面) | emp/1 | GET |
| 來到添加頁面 | emp | GET |
| 添加員工 | emp | POST |
| 來到修改頁面(查出員工進行信息回顯) | emp/1 | GET |
| 修改員工 | emp | PUT |
| 刪除員工 | emp/1 | DELETE |
3)、員工列表:
thymeleaf公共頁面元素抽取
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::選擇器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默認(rèn)效果:
insert的公共片段在div標(biāo)簽中
如果使用th:insert等屬性進行引入,可以不用寫~{}:
行內(nèi)寫法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
三種引入公共片段的th屬性:
th:insert:將公共片段整個插入到聲明引入的元素中
th:replace:將聲明引入的元素替換為公共片段
th:include:將被引入的片段的內(nèi)容包含進這個標(biāo)簽中
<footer th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>
效果
<div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
</div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
<div>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
引入片段的時候傳入?yún)?shù):
<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-sticky">
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active"
th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}"
href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
<path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path>
<polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline>
</svg>
Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</a>
</li>
<!--引入側(cè)邊欄;傳入?yún)?shù)-->
<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div>
6)、CRUD-員工添加
添加頁面
<form>
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>department</label>
<select class="form-control">
<option>1</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>3</option>
<option>4</option>
<option>5</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>
提交的數(shù)據(jù)格式不對:生日:日期;
2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;
日期的格式化;SpringMVC將頁面提交的值需要轉(zhuǎn)換為指定的類型;
2017-12-12---Date; 類型轉(zhuǎn)換,格式化;
默認(rèn)日期是按照/的方式;
7)、CRUD-員工修改
修改添加二合一表單
<!--需要區(qū)分是員工修改還是添加;-->
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
<!--發(fā)送put請求修改員工數(shù)據(jù)-->
<!--
1、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;(SpringBoot自動配置好的)
2、頁面創(chuàng)建一個post表單
3、創(chuàng)建一個input項,name="_method";值就是我們指定的請求方式
-->
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
<input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Email</label>
<input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>department</label>
<!--提交的是部門的id-->
<select class="form-control" name="department.id">
<option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加</button>
</form>
8)、CRUD-員工刪除
<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
<td th:text="${emp.id}"></td>
<td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td>
<td th:text="${emp.email}"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"></td>
<td>
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">編輯</a>
<button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">刪除</button>
</td>
</tr>
<script>
$(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
//刪除當(dāng)前員工的
$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
return false;
});
</script>
7、錯誤處理機制
1)、SpringBoot默認(rèn)的錯誤處理機制
默認(rèn)效果:
? 1)、瀏覽器,返回一個默認(rèn)的錯誤頁面

瀏覽器發(fā)送請求的請求頭:

? 2)、如果是其他客戶端,默認(rèn)響應(yīng)一個json數(shù)據(jù)


?
原理:
? 可以參照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration;錯誤處理的自動配置;
給容器中添加了以下組件
? 1、DefaultErrorAttributes:
幫我們在頁面共享信息;
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
return errorAttributes;
}
? 2、BasicErrorController:處理默認(rèn)/error請求
@Controller
@RequestMapping("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
@RequestMapping(produces = "text/html")//產(chǎn)生html類型的數(shù)據(jù);瀏覽器發(fā)送的請求來到這個方法處理
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(getErrorAttributes(
request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
response.setStatus(status.value());
//去哪個頁面作為錯誤頁面;包含頁面地址和頁面內(nèi)容
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
}
@RequestMapping
@ResponseBody //產(chǎn)生json數(shù)據(jù),其他客戶端來到這個方法處理;
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
}
? 3、ErrorPageCustomizer:
@Value("${error.path:/error}")
private String path = "/error"; 系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)錯誤以后來到error請求進行處理;(web.xml注冊的錯誤頁面規(guī)則)
? 4、DefaultErrorViewResolver:
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status,
Map<String, Object> model) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model);
if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
}
return modelAndView;
}
private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
//默認(rèn)SpringBoot可以去找到一個頁面? error/404
String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
//模板引擎可以解析這個頁面地址就用模板引擎解析
TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
if (provider != null) {
//模板引擎可用的情況下返回到errorViewName指定的視圖地址
return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model);
}
//模板引擎不可用,就在靜態(tài)資源文件夾下找errorViewName對應(yīng)的頁面 error/404.html
return resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
}
? 步驟:
? 一但系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)4xx或者5xx之類的錯誤;ErrorPageCustomizer就會生效(定制錯誤的響應(yīng)規(guī)則);就會來到/error請求;就會被BasicErrorController處理;
? 1)響應(yīng)頁面;去哪個頁面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的;
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
//所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
if (modelAndView != null) {
return modelAndView;
}
}
return null;
}
2)、如果定制錯誤響應(yīng):
1)、如何定制錯誤的頁面;
? 1)、有模板引擎的情況下;error/狀態(tài)碼; 【將錯誤頁面命名為 錯誤狀態(tài)碼.html 放在模板引擎文件夾里面的 error文件夾下】,發(fā)生此狀態(tài)碼的錯誤就會來到 對應(yīng)的頁面;
? 我們可以使用4xx和5xx作為錯誤頁面的文件名來匹配這種類型的所有錯誤,精確優(yōu)先(優(yōu)先尋找精確的狀態(tài)碼.html);
? 頁面能獲取的信息;
? timestamp:時間戳
? status:狀態(tài)碼
? error:錯誤提示
? exception:異常對象
? message:異常消息
? errors:JSR303數(shù)據(jù)校驗的錯誤都在這里
? 2)、沒有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到這個錯誤頁面),靜態(tài)資源文件夾下找;
? 3)、以上都沒有錯誤頁面,就是默認(rèn)來到SpringBoot默認(rèn)的錯誤提示頁面;
2)、如何定制錯誤的json數(shù)據(jù);
? 1)、自定義異常處理&返回定制json數(shù)據(jù);
@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {
@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public Map<String,Object> handleException(Exception e){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
return map;
}
}
//沒有自適應(yīng)效果...
? 2)、轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到/error進行自適應(yīng)響應(yīng)效果處理
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public String handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
//傳入我們自己的錯誤狀態(tài)碼 4xx 5xx,否則就不會進入定制錯誤頁面的解析流程
/**
* Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
*/
request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
//轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到/error
return "forward:/error";
}
3)、將我們的定制數(shù)據(jù)攜帶出去;
出現(xiàn)錯誤以后,會來到/error請求,會被BasicErrorController處理,響應(yīng)出去可以獲取的數(shù)據(jù)是由getErrorAttributes得到的(是AbstractErrorController(ErrorController)規(guī)定的方法);
? 1、完全來編寫一個ErrorController的實現(xiàn)類【或者是編寫AbstractErrorController的子類】,放在容器中;
? 2、頁面上能用的數(shù)據(jù),或者是json返回能用的數(shù)據(jù)都是通過errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes得到;
? 容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttributes();默認(rèn)進行數(shù)據(jù)處理的;
自定義ErrorAttributes
//給容器中加入我們自己定義的ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes, boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
map.put("company","atguigu");
return map;
}
}
最終的效果:響應(yīng)是自適應(yīng)的,可以通過定制ErrorAttributes改變需要返回的內(nèi)容,
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8、配置嵌入式Servlet容器
SpringBoot默認(rèn)使用Tomcat作為嵌入式的Servlet容器;

問題?
1)、如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相關(guān)配置;
1、修改和server有關(guān)的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);
server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
//通用的Servlet容器設(shè)置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的設(shè)置
server.tomcat.xxx
2、編寫一個EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器;來修改Servlet容器的配置
@Bean //一定要將這個定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
//定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相關(guān)的規(guī)則
@Override
public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
container.setPort(8083);
}
};
}
2)、注冊Servlet三大組件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】
由于SpringBoot默認(rèn)是以jar包的方式啟動嵌入式的Servlet容器來啟動SpringBoot的web應(yīng)用,沒有web.xml文件。
注冊三大組件用以下方式
ServletRegistrationBean
//注冊三大組件
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
return registrationBean;
}
FilterRegistrationBean
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
return registrationBean;
}
ServletListenerRegistrationBean
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
return registrationBean;
}
SpringBoot幫我們自動SpringMVC的時候,自動的注冊SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:
@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
//默認(rèn)攔截: / 所有請求;包靜態(tài)資源,但是不攔截jsp請求; /*會攔截jsp
//可以通過server.servletPath來修改SpringMVC前端控制器默認(rèn)攔截的請求路徑
registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
registration.setLoadOnStartup(
this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
}
return registration;
}
2)、SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器;
3)、替換為其他嵌入式Servlet容器

默認(rèn)支持:
Tomcat(默認(rèn)使用)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
引入web模塊默認(rèn)就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作為Servlet容器;
</dependency>
Jetty
<!-- 引入web模塊 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
Undertow
<!-- 引入web模塊 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
4)、嵌入式Servlet容器自動配置原理;
EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自動配置?
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//導(dǎo)入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar:Spring注解版;給容器中導(dǎo)入一些組件
//導(dǎo)入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor:
//后置處理器:bean初始化前后(創(chuàng)建完對象,還沒賦值賦值)執(zhí)行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判斷當(dāng)前是否引入了Tomcat依賴;
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判斷當(dāng)前容器沒有用戶自己定義EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠;作用:創(chuàng)建嵌入式的Servlet容器
public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
@Bean
public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}
}
/**
* Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
WebAppContext.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedJetty {
@Bean
public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}
}
/**
* Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
@Bean
public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}
}
1)、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工廠)
public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
//獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器
EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
}

2)、EmbeddedServletContainer:(嵌入式的Servlet容器)

3)、以TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory為例
@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
//創(chuàng)建一個Tomcat
Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
//配置Tomcat的基本環(huán)節(jié)
File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
: createTempDir("tomcat"));
tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
customizeConnector(connector);
tomcat.setConnector(connector);
tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
}
prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
//將配置好的Tomcat傳入進去,返回一個EmbeddedServletContainer;并且啟動Tomcat服務(wù)器
return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}
4)、我們對嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效?
ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:定制器幫我們修改了Servlet容器的配置?
怎么修改的原理?
5)、容器中導(dǎo)入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
//初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
//如果當(dāng)前初始化的是一個ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer類型的組件
if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
//
postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
}
return bean;
}
private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
//獲取所有的定制器,調(diào)用每一個定制器的customize方法來給Servlet容器進行屬性賦值;
for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
customizer.customize(bean);
}
}
private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
if (this.customizers == null) {
// Look up does not include the parent context
this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
this.beanFactory
//從容器中獲取所有這葛類型的組件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
//定制Servlet容器,給容器中可以添加一個EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer類型的組件
.getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
false, false)
.values());
Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
}
return this.customizers;
}
ServerProperties也是定制器
步驟:
1)、SpringBoot根據(jù)導(dǎo)入的依賴情況,給容器中添加相應(yīng)的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】
2)、容器中某個組件要創(chuàng)建對象就會驚動后置處理器;EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;
只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠,后置處理器就工作;
3)、后置處理器,從容器中獲取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,調(diào)用定制器的定制方法
5)、嵌入式Servlet容器啟動原理;
什么時候創(chuàng)建嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠?什么時候獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器并啟動Tomcat;
獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠:
1)、SpringBoot應(yīng)用啟動運行run方法
2)、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【創(chuàng)建IOC容器對象,并初始化容器,創(chuàng)建容器中的每一個組件】;如果是web應(yīng)用創(chuàng)建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext,否則:AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
3)、refresh(context);刷新剛才創(chuàng)建好的ioc容器;
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重寫了onRefresh方法
5)、webioc容器會創(chuàng)建嵌入式的Servlet容器;createEmbeddedServletContainer();
6)、獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠:
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
? 從ioc容器中獲取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 組件;TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory創(chuàng)建對象,后置處理器一看是這個對象,就獲取所有的定制器來先定制Servlet容器的相關(guān)配置;
7)、使用容器工廠獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器:this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器創(chuàng)建對象并啟動Servlet容器;
先啟動嵌入式的Servlet容器,再將ioc容器中剩下沒有創(chuàng)建出的對象獲取出來;
==IOC容器啟動創(chuàng)建嵌入式的Servlet容器==
9、使用外置的Servlet容器
嵌入式Servlet容器:應(yīng)用打成可執(zhí)行的jar
? 優(yōu)點:簡單、便攜;
? 缺點:默認(rèn)不支持JSP、優(yōu)化定制比較復(fù)雜(使用定制器【ServerProperties、自定義EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】,自己編寫嵌入式Servlet容器的創(chuàng)建工廠【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);
外置的Servlet容器:外面安裝Tomcat---應(yīng)用war包的方式打包;
步驟
1)、必須創(chuàng)建一個war項目;(利用idea創(chuàng)建好目錄結(jié)構(gòu))
2)、將嵌入式的Tomcat指定為provided;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
3)、必須編寫一個SpringBootServletInitializer的子類,并調(diào)用configure方法
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
//傳入SpringBoot應(yīng)用的主程序
return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
}
}
4)、啟動服務(wù)器就可以使用;
原理
jar包:執(zhí)行SpringBoot主類的main方法,啟動ioc容器,創(chuàng)建嵌入式的Servlet容器;
war包:啟動服務(wù)器,服務(wù)器啟動SpringBoot應(yīng)用【SpringBootServletInitializer】,啟動ioc容器;
servlet3.0(Spring注解版):
8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability:
規(guī)則:
? 1)、服務(wù)器啟動(web應(yīng)用啟動)會創(chuàng)建當(dāng)前web應(yīng)用里面每一個jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer實例:
? 2)、ServletContainerInitializer的實現(xiàn)放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夾下,有一個名為javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,內(nèi)容就是ServletContainerInitializer的實現(xiàn)類的全類名
? 3)、還可以使用@HandlesTypes,在應(yīng)用啟動的時候加載我們感興趣的類;
流程:
1)、啟動Tomcat
2)、org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.14.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:
Spring的web模塊里面有這個文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer
3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer將@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)標(biāo)注的所有這個類型的類都傳入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>;為這些WebApplicationInitializer類型的類創(chuàng)建實例;
4)、每一個WebApplicationInitializer都調(diào)用自己的onStartup;

5)、相當(dāng)于我們的SpringBootServletInitializer的類會被創(chuàng)建對象,并執(zhí)行onStartup方法
6)、SpringBootServletInitializer實例執(zhí)行onStartup的時候會createRootApplicationContext;創(chuàng)建容器
protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(
ServletContext servletContext) {
//1、創(chuàng)建SpringApplicationBuilder
SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment();
environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null);
builder.environment(environment);
builder.main(getClass());
ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
if (parent != null) {
this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
servletContext.setAttribute(
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null);
builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent));
}
builder.initializers(
new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);
//調(diào)用configure方法,子類重寫了這個方法,將SpringBoot的主程序類傳入了進來
builder = configure(builder);
//使用builder創(chuàng)建一個Spring應(yīng)用
SpringApplication application = builder.build();
if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils
.findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
application.getSources().add(getClass());
}
Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(),
"No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
+ "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
// Ensure error pages are registered
if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
}
//啟動Spring應(yīng)用
return run(application);
}
7)、Spring的應(yīng)用就啟動并且創(chuàng)建IOC容器
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
listeners.starting();
try {
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
//刷新IOC容器
refreshContext(context);
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
==啟動Servlet容器,再啟動SpringBoot應(yīng)用==