首先先上一段代碼

function SuperType(name) {
    //父函數(shù)的自定義屬性
    this.name = name;
    this.colors = ["red","orange","black"];
};

SuperType.prototype.sayName = function() {
     //父函數(shù)原型中定義的方法
    console.log(this.name);
};

//定義子函數(shù)
function SubType (name,age) {
    //子函數(shù)繼承父函數(shù)的屬性
    //借用構(gòu)造函數(shù)實現(xiàn)對實例屬性的繼承
    SuperType.call(this,name);    
    //子函數(shù)定義自己的屬性
    this.age = age;
}

//子函數(shù)繼承父函數(shù)的方法
//通過原型鏈對原型屬性和方法的繼承
SubType.prototype = Object.create(SuperType.prototype);
    //下面注釋的這種寫法子類會具有父類實例的方法，不推薦
    //SubType.prototype = new SuperType();
SubType.prototype.constructor =SubType;

//自定義子函數(shù)的方法
SubType.prototype.sayAge = function() {
    console.log(this.age);
}

//測試
var instance1 = new SubType("LLL","24");
instance1.colors.push("pink");
console.log(instance1.colors);//"red,orange,black,pink"
instance1.sayName;//"LLL"
instance1.sayAge;//"24"

//測試2
var instance2 = new SubType("XXX","25");
console.log(instance2.colors);//"red,orange,black"
instance2.sayName;//"XXX"
instance2.sayAge;//"25"