1. selenium語(yǔ)法
"""__author__= 雍新有"""
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
# # 打開(kāi)瀏覽器
# # 默認(rèn)Chrome()中需要傳入chromedriver.exe,只需配置chromedriver環(huán)境變量就行了
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# # get(url): 表示打開(kāi)某個(gè)地址
# browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
# # 關(guān)閉瀏覽器
# browser.close()
# 1.獲取豆瓣電影信息
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://movie.douban.com/explore#!type=movie&tag=%E7%83%AD%E9%97%A8&sort=recommend&page_limit=20&page_start=0')
# # 獲取‘加載更多按鈕’, 實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)擊事件
# # 模擬向下拉進(jìn)度條
# js1 = 'window.scrollTo(0, 1000)'
# # browser.execute_script(js1)
# # 獲取加載按鈕
# # 按鈕的xpath代碼 -- //*[@id="content"]/div/div[1]/div/div[4]/a
# more_button = browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[1]/div/div[4]/a')
# # 實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)擊
# more_button.click()
# # 由于點(diǎn)擊事件剛執(zhí)行,頁(yè)面還沒(méi)有被ajax獲取到的數(shù)據(jù)所渲染,所以要睡眠幾秒
# time.sleep(3)
#
# # page_source獲取源碼,經(jīng)過(guò)ajax渲染后的源碼
# a1 = browser.page_source
# # a1為源碼,解析可采用正則、lxml.etree、beactifulsoup4
# print(a1)
# browser.close()
# 2. 京東 - 查詢?cè)?# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.jd.com')
# # 輸入框
# input = browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="key"]')
# print(input)
# input = browser.find_element_by_id('key')
# print(input)
# # 選擇器,copy里面有
# input = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#key')
#
# # 通用寫(xiě)法
# # input = browser.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="key"]')
# # input = browser.find_element(By.ID, 'ID')
# # input = browser.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '#key')
#
# # 輸入內(nèi)容
# input.send_keys('Mac')
# 3. 前進(jìn)后退
# 依次在一個(gè)窗口打開(kāi)下面3個(gè)網(wǎng)站
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
# browser.get('https://www.jd.com')
# browser.get('http://blog.vincent-whf.top')
#
# # 回退
# browser.back()
# # 前進(jìn)
# browser.forward()
# 4.獲取京東,輸入內(nèi)容,點(diǎn)擊搜索
# 等待(隱式等待、顯式等待)
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.jd.com')
# # 不睡眠,可能網(wǎng)頁(yè)加載不出來(lái),后面的xpath就找不到元素
# # time.sleep(3)
#
# # 隱式等待,如果獲取元素找不到,則等待規(guī)定時(shí)長(zhǎng)(默認(rèn)為0),等待時(shí)長(zhǎng)自定義
# browser.implicitly_wait(10)
#
# input = browser.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="key"]')
# # 將輸入框的內(nèi)容清空
# input.clear()
# # 輸入信息
# input.send_keys('零食')
# # 獲取搜索點(diǎn)擊按鈕
# button = browser.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="search"]/div/div[2]/button')
# # 搜索點(diǎn)擊
# button.click()
# browser.implicitly_wait(10)
#
# # 獲取頁(yè)碼
# total = browser.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="J_bottomPage"]/span[2]/input')
# 顯式等待
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://www.jd.com')
# 獲取等待對(duì)象,等待10秒
wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 10)
# presence_of_all_elements_located: 當(dāng)元素被加載出來(lái)了才獲取信息
input = wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="key"]'))
)
# 將輸入框的內(nèi)容清空
input.clear()
# 輸入信息
input.send_keys('水果')
# element_to_be_clickable: 等待元素可被點(diǎn)擊
button = wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="search"]/div/div[2]/button'))
)
# 搜索點(diǎn)擊
button.click()
# 獲取頁(yè)碼
total = wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="J_bottomPage"]/span[2]/em[1]/text()'))
)
print(total)
2. 京東selenium爬蟲(chóng)
"""__author__= 雍新有"""
import re
import time
import pymongo
from lxml import etree
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
# 配置不用加載圖片
prefs = {"profile.managed_default_content_settings.images":2}
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
# 獲取瀏覽器
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
# 顯式等待
wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 20)
def search():
browser.get('https://www.jd.com')
# 獲取輸入框,輸入內(nèi)容
input = wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="key"]'))
)
input.clear()
input.send_keys('水果')
# 獲取按鈕,實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)擊
button = wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="search"]/div/div[2]/button'))
)
button.click()
for i in range(1, 17):
js = f'window.scrollTo(0, {i} * document.body.scrollHeight / 16)'
browser.execute_script(js)
time.sleep(5)
total = wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="J_bottomPage"]/span[2]/em[1]'))
)
# 獲取第一頁(yè)源碼
html = browser.page_source
result = parse_html(html)
save_mongo(result, 1)
return total.text
def next_page(page):
# 獲取從第二頁(yè)開(kāi)始的每一頁(yè)信息z
# 翻頁(yè): 1. 可點(diǎn)擊下一頁(yè) 2. 可輸入頁(yè)面,實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)擊
# 下一頁(yè)xpath = // *[ @ id = "J_bottomPage"] / span[1] / a[9]
# 執(zhí)行滾動(dòng)
for i in range(1, 33):
js = f'window.scrollTo(0, {i} * document.body.scrollHeight / 32)'
browser.execute_script(js)
time.sleep(5)
# js = 'window.scrollTo(0, 2*document.body.scrollHeight / 4)'
# browser.execute_script(js)
# time.sleep(1)
#
# js = 'window.scrollTo(0, 3*document.body.scrollHeight / 4)'
# browser.execute_script(js)
# time.sleep(1)
#
# js = 'window.scrollTo(0, 4*document.body.scrollHeight / 4)'
# browser.execute_script(js)
# time.sleep(1)
# print(f'----------點(diǎn)擊{page}頁(yè)--------')
# next_input = wait.until(
# EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="J_bottomPage"]/span[1]/a[9]'))
# )
# next_input.click()
page_input = wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '// *[ @ id = "J_bottomPage"] / span[2] / input'))
)
page_input.clear()
print(f'---------第{page}頁(yè)----')
page_input.send_keys(str(page))
button = wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="J_bottomPage"]/span[2]/a'))
)
button.click()
# 點(diǎn)擊過(guò)后,頁(yè)面將重新加載,主動(dòng)等待3秒后再獲取源碼
time.sleep(10)
html = browser.page_source
return html
# 判斷當(dāng)前頁(yè)是否調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)了
def parse_html(html):
tree = etree.HTML(html)
goods_list = tree.xpath('//*[@id="J_goodsList"]/ul/li')
result = []
for item in goods_list:
# item就是每一個(gè)li
data = {
'img': item.xpath('./div/div[1]/a/img/@src'),
'goods_name': item.xpath('./div/div[3]/a/@title'),
'goods_price': item.xpath('./div/div[2]/strong/i/text()')
}
result.append(data)
return result
def save_mongo(data, page):
db = pymongo.MongoClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=27017)
print(len(data))
try:
print(f'第{page}頁(yè)數(shù)據(jù)插入成功')
for item in data:
print(item)
db['spider']['jd1'].insert_one(item)
except:
print(f'第{page}頁(yè)數(shù)據(jù)插入失敗')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# search(): 打開(kāi)瀏覽器輸入京東,搜索某商品,返回總頁(yè)碼
total = search()
# 正則search匹配字符串內(nèi)的內(nèi)容,fallmatch要匹配' -- 字符串標(biāo)識(shí)符,
all_page = int(re.search('(\d+)', total).group())
for page in range(2, 4):
html = next_page(page)
result = parse_html(html)
save_mongo(result, page)