deciduous /d??s?d?.u.?s/
A deciduous tree loses its leaves in autumn and grows new ones in the spring.
（樹木）落葉的
evergreen :An evergreen plant, bush, or tree has leaves for the whole year.
（植物）常青的，常綠的
always seeming fresh or remaining popular
永葆青春的；不衰的；持久的
that evergreen TV series "Friends"那部經(jīng)久不衰的電視連續(xù)劇《美好生活》
a plant, bush, or tree that has ?for the whole year
常青植物，常綠植物
undisputed king
If something is undisputed, everyone agrees about it.
無爭議的；不容置疑的
an undisputed fact不容置疑的事實(shí)
the undisputed champion/winner無可爭議的冠軍／贏家
genus Quercus. /?d?i?.n?s/
a group of animals or plants, more closely related than a family, but less similar than a species（動(dòng)植物的）屬
Buds are formed by protective scales that fall off in the spring.
[ C usually plural ] one of the many very small, flat pieces that cover theskin of fish, snakes, etc.
（魚、蛇等動(dòng)物皮膚表層的）鱗，鱗片
carbon dioxide and produce sugars
/?kɑ?.b?nda???k.sa?d/ ?da??ɑ?k.sa?d/symbol CO2the gas formed when carbon is burned, or when people oranimals breathe out二氧化碳
carbon dioxide emissions二氧化碳排放物
by means of photosynthesis /?f??.t???s?n.θ?.s?s/
the process by which a plant uses the energy from the light of thesun to produce its own food光合作用
The loss of water vapor in the leaves pulls the xylem /?za?.l?m/ 木質(zhì)部 sap upward. /?w??.t? ?ve?.p?r/water in the form of a gas resulting from heating water or ice 水蒸氣，水汽
self-pollinate
to take pollen from one plant or part of a plant to another so that newplant seeds can be produced:
Bees pollinate the plants by carrying the pollen from one flower to another.
Many species of tree depend on the wind for pollination.
Its bark is rich in tannin：(one of) a group of chemicals that are found in plant cells, especially in leaves, bark (= a tree's outer covering), and fruit that is not yet ready to eat丹寧（酸），鞣酸
which is used in curing養(yǎng)護(hù)保存 leather and as an astringent. The wood is strong and resists rotting
astringent /??str?n.d??nt/
a drug or cream that causes the skin or other tissue to tighten
收斂劑；止血藥
You can use an astringent to make your skin less oily.你可以用收斂水來減弱皮膚的油性。
Rot: to (cause something to) decay
（使）腐??；（使）腐爛；（使）腐朽
The fruit had been ?to rot on the trees.水果無人采摘，就爛在樹上。
Rain has got in and rotted (away) the woodwork.雨水漏了進(jìn)來，使屋中的木建部分都朽爛了。
the smell of rotting fruit爛水果的味道
Anatomy /??n?t.?.mi/
the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged
解剖（學(xué)）
An understanding of human anatomy is important to a dancer.對于一個(gè)舞蹈演員來說，通曉一些人體解剖學(xué)知識(shí)非常重要。
He later became ?of anatomy at Kiel.后來他成為基爾大學(xué)的解剖學(xué)教授。
[ C or U ] the structure of an animal or plant
解剖構(gòu)造；（動(dòng)植物）結(jié)構(gòu)
the female anatomy女性人體解剖構(gòu)造the anatomy of a leaf葉子的結(jié)構(gòu)
[ C ] humorous a person's body身體
On which part of her anatomy is she tattooed?她的紋身刺在什么部位？
[ C ] formal a detailed examination of a subject剖析，分析；細(xì)察
The whole play reads like an anatomy of evil.整個(gè)劇本讀起來就如同是一份對邪惡的剖析報(bào)告。
majestic /m??d?es.t?k/ ?look with its large canopy top and a straight upward-growing trunk.
beautiful, powerful, or causing great admiration and respect
雄偉的；壯麗的；威嚴(yán)的
The majestic Montana scenery will leave you breathless.蒙大拿的壯麗景色會(huì)令你屏息凝神。
canopy /?k?n.?.pi/
the branches and leaves that spread out at the top of a group oftrees forming a type of roof樹冠層；頂蓬似的樹陰
meaning their leaves bloom and wither with the whim of seasons. .
a sudden wish or idea, especially one that cannot be reasonablyexplained突然的念頭，沖動(dòng)
We booked the trip on a whim.我們一沖動(dòng)就預(yù)訂了假日游。
You can add what you want to this mixture - brandy, whisky, or nothing at all - as the whim takes you.你可以在這種混合飲料里加入任何你喜歡的東西——白蘭地、威士忌或什么也不加——全看你自己。
onset of the cycle:
the onset of sth
the moment at which something unpleasant begins
（指不愉快的事情）的開始，發(fā)作
the onset of winter
The new treatment can delay the onset of the disease by several .新的治療方法可以把發(fā)病時(shí)間推遲幾年。
chlorophyll/?kl?r.?.f?l/ ?the green substance in plants,that allows them to use the energyfrom the sun葉綠素
phloem /?fl??.em/
the type of plant tissue that transports food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant
韌皮部（這種類型的植物組織將食物從葉子運(yùn)輸?shù)街参锏钠渌糠郑?/p>
Potato-head n.[美國俚語]笨蛋，傻瓜
fueled up
to supply a system with a substance that can be burned to provideheat or power為…添加燃料
Our heating is fuelled by gas.我們的供暖系統(tǒng)是燒天然氣的。
We have a gas-fuelled heating system.我們有一套燒天然氣的供暖系統(tǒng)。
petrol/hydrogen-fuelled cars汽油／氫燃料汽車
That lush blossom fades as the fall sneaks in淡入，漸顯
to (cause to) lose colour, brightness, or strength gradually
（使）褪色；（使）變暗；（使）衰弱
If you hang your clothes out in the bright sun, they will fade.衣服掛在光線強(qiáng)的地方晾曬會(huì)褪色。
My suntan is already fading.我曬黑的膚色已經(jīng)開始變淺了。
They arrived home just as the light was fading (= as it was getting dark).天擦黑時(shí)，他們到家了。
The sun had faded the blue walls.太陽把藍(lán)色的墻曬褪了色。
carotenoids
any of a group of red or yellow pigments, including carotenes, found in plants and certain animal tissues 類胡蘿卜色素
and anthocyanins ?/??nθ???sa??n/
any of a class of water-soluble glycosidic pigments, esp those responsible for the red and blue colours in flowers. They are closely related to vitamins E and P ? n. 花青素
revive in the next spring. annual cycles.
to come or bring something back to life, health, existence, or use
（使）蘇醒；（使）復(fù)原；（使）復(fù)興；（使）重新流行
to revive someone's hopes/confidence/fortunes使某人重新燃起希望／重樹信心／時(shí)來運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
My plants revived as soon as I gave them some water.我給花澆了一些水，它們立即又生機(jī)盎然了。
A hot shower and a cup of ?will revive you.沖個(gè)熱水澡，喝杯茶，你就會(huì)恢復(fù)精力的。
Traditional skills are being revived.傳統(tǒng)手藝正在得到復(fù)興。
Day17&18---3D printers--- How does a 3D printer work?
extension of this idea in which product designers make their own
[ C or U ] the fact of reaching, stretching, or continuing; the act of adding to something in order to make it bigger or longer 伸展；延伸 Martin Luther King, Jr, campaigned for the extension of civil rights to (= for them to include) black people. 小馬丁?路德?金發(fā)起了為黑人爭取公民權(quán)利的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 The extension (= increasing) of police powers in the province has been heavily criticized. 在該省增加警力的做法遭到了嚴(yán)厲抨擊///（共享一個(gè)號碼的）電話分機(jī)；（號碼不同的）電話分機(jī)
We have an extension in our bedroom.
我們在臥室安了一部分機(jī)。
When you call, ask for extension 3276.
打電話時(shí)，讓總機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)分機(jī)3276。// us uk extramural offered by a university to people who are not studying for a degree there
（尤指學(xué)院或大學(xué)）對校外學(xué)生提供課程的；為非在校生而設(shè)的
extension classes/courses
對校外學(xué)生開設(shè)的課程
rapid prototypes, /?pro?.t??.ta?p/快速成型
the first example of something, such as a machine or other industrialproduct, from which all later forms are developed
原型a prototype for/of a new car新型轎車的原型
using sophisticated machines /s??f?s.t?.ke?.t?d/
having a good understanding of the way people behave and/or a good knowledge of culture and fashion
精于世故的，老練的；見多識(shí)廣的；很有品位的
She was slim, svelte, and sophisticated.她身材苗條，體態(tài)嬌美，處事練達(dá)。
I don't think I have any books that would suit your sophisticated tastes.我認(rèn)為我沒有什么書能滿足你那高雅的品位。
He was older than me and from London and I thought him very sophisticated.他比我大，而且來自倫敦，我覺得他為人很老練。
intelligent or made in a complicated way and therefore able to do tasks
精密的，復(fù)雜的；高級的
I think a more sophisticated approach is ?to solve this problem.我認(rèn)為要解決這個(gè)問題需要更為高明的方法。
These are among the most sophisticated weapons in the world.這些屬于世界上最尖端的武器。
similar to inkjet printers. 噴墨式打印機(jī)
an electronic printer that blows ink onto paper using very small jets(= small openings that push out liquid)
A 3D printer essentially works by
relating to the most important characteristics or ideas of something
本質(zhì)上；根本上；基本上
It's essentially a dictionary but it differs in one or two respects.本質(zhì)上說這還是一本詞典，但在一兩個(gè)方面它又不同于一般詞典。
What he's saying is essentially true.他說的基本上都是實(shí)話。
extruding /?k?stru?d/ extrude
to form something by forcing or pushing it out, especially through asmall opening
（尤指通過狹小的出口）擠壓出，擠壓成，壓制
extruded aluminium rods壓制成形的鋁桿
molten plastic through /?mo?l.t?n/
Molten metal or rock is in a liquid state because of great heat.
熔化的，熔融的
molten glass/lava/lead熔化的玻璃／巖漿／鉛
a tiny nozzle that it moves around precisely under computer control.
/?nɑ?.z?l/
a narrow piece attached to the end of a tube so that the liquid or airthat comes out can be directed in a particular way
管嘴，噴嘴
Attach the nozzle to the hose before turning on the water.打開水龍頭之前，把管嘴接到澆花園的軟管上。
fused depositional modeling (FDM).
熔融沉積造型術(shù) (Fused deposition modeling, FDM) 由明尼蘇達(dá)州的 Stratasys 公司開發(fā)。在 FDM 的打印過程中，塑料或者臘等基材被從噴頭中擠出，噴頭會(huì)把基材加熱至熔解溫度，從而確保從噴頭流出后基材立刻凝固。當(dāng)噴頭沿著希望的軌跡移動(dòng)時(shí)，被擠出的基材便形成了截面。一個(gè)截面完成后，打印底座降低，噴頭進(jìn)行下一層的噴涂。
(1. 噴頭擠出基材, 2. 已凝固的基材, 3. 可移動(dòng)的打印底座)
與 SLA 一樣，在打印懸空部分時(shí)，F(xiàn)DM 也需要支撐物。
現(xiàn)在的大部分家用3D打印機(jī)使用的是 FDM 技術(shù)
moves in the horizontal directions,水平方向
parallel to the ground or to the bottom or top edge of something
水平的；與地面（或底邊、頂邊）平行的；橫的
Draw a horizontal line across the bottom of the page.在本頁底部畫一條水平線。
a horizontal line, surface, or position
水平線；水平面；水平位置
Rotate it slowly from the horizontal into a vertical position.慢慢將它從水平位置旋轉(zhuǎn)到垂直位置
move in the vertical direction.
standing or pointing straight up or at an angle of 90° to ahorizontal surface or line
豎直的；垂直的；立式的
vertical lines/stripes豎線／豎條紋
She looked over the cliff and found she was standing at the edge of a vertical drop.她從懸崖上向下看，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正站在陡直懸崖的邊緣
cross-sectional
something that has been cut in half so that you can see the inside, or a model or picture of this
橫截面（圖），橫斷面（圖），剖面（圖）
a cross-section of the human heart人體心臟剖面圖
a small group that represents all of the different types within thetotal group典型，代表
The demonstrators seemed to be from a wide cross-section of society.示威者似乎是來自社會(huì)的各個(gè)層面——有男有女，有老有少，有貧有富。
the nozzle spews out fluid material to fill the layer’s pattern. 涌出噴出
If something spews liquid or gas, or liquid or gas spews from something, it flows out in large amounts.
（使）（液體或氣體）噴出，涌出
The volcano spewed a giant cloud of ash, dust, and gases into the air.火山向空中噴出大量的煙灰、灰塵和氣體。
The drains spew (out) millions of gallons of raw sewage into the river.幾百萬加侖未經(jīng)處理的污水從排水管里噴涌而出，傾瀉進(jìn)河里。
Paper came spewing from the computer printer.紙一張張地從打印機(jī)里被吐出來。
How does the nozzle know where to deposit material,
[ T usually + adv/prep ] to leave something somewhere
留下；存放
The flood waters fell, depositing mud over the whole area.洪水退去后留下的淤泥覆蓋了整個(gè)區(qū)域。
The bus deposited me miles from anywhere.公共汽車把我扔在一個(gè)前不著村后不著店的地方。
The cuckoo deposits her eggs in other birds' nests.布谷鳥把自己的蛋下在其他鳥類的窩里。
I deposited my luggage in a locker at the station.我把行李存放在車站的儲(chǔ)物柜里了。
[ T ] to put something valuable, especially money, in a bank orsafe (= strong box or cupboard with locks)
（在銀行或保險(xiǎn)柜中）存放，存儲(chǔ)（尤指錢款）
There's a night safe outside the bank, so you can deposit money whenever you wish.銀行外面有夜間保險(xiǎn)箱，你可以隨時(shí)把錢存進(jìn)去。
I deposited ￡500 in my account this morning.今天早上我在自己的賬戶中存了500英鎊
a substance or layer that is left, usually after a ?isremoved
沉淀物，沉積物
Decant the wine carefully, so that you leave the deposit in the bottom of the bottle.將酒小心倒出，以免把瓶底的沉淀物帶出來。
In hard-water areas, a chalky deposit often ?in pipes and kettles.在水質(zhì)較硬的地區(qū)，水管和水壺內(nèi)常會(huì)形成白色沉積物。
The flood ?a thick deposit of mud over the entire ground floor of the house.洪水在整個(gè)房子的底層留下了一層厚厚的淤泥。
C2 [ C ] specialized geology a layer that has formed under the ground,especially over a long period
沉積層
mineral/oil/coal deposits礦／油／煤層
allowing another layer to pile on, thus to build up the height.
[ I or T, + adv/prep ] also pile up to arrange objects into a pile
把…堆積（或堆疊）起來
We piled plenty of logs up next to the fire.我們在爐火旁堆了很多木柴。
Please pile your homework books neatly on the table as you leave.離開時(shí)請把你們的作業(yè)本整齊地疊放在桌子上。
Her plate was piled (high) with salad.她的盤子里盛滿了色拉。
Snow had piled up against the walls.雪在墻根堆積起來。
objects positioned one on top of another摞；垛；堆
a pile of books一摞書
a pile of dirty clothes一大堆臟衣服
pile it on ? informal
to say too much, especially giving too much emphasis
過多地談?wù)摚唬ㄓ戎福┛鋸?，言過其實(shí)
You're really piling it on with the compliments tonight, Gareth, aren't you!
你今晚的確恭維得過分了，不是嗎，加雷思？
Day19&20--The physics of playing guitar - Oscar Fernando Perez
A guitar is basicly six strings wired across a long-neck wooden box with a hole in its body.
to fasten two things together using wire
用金屬絲捆扎
She had her jaws wired together so that she wouldn't be able to eat.她把上下頜用金屬絲捆在一起，這樣就不能吃東西了。
also wire up to connect a piece of electrical equipment with wires so that it will work
為（電子設(shè)備）接上電線（或?qū)Ь€）
The stereo wasn't working because it hadn't been wired up correctly.立體聲音響不響了，因?yàn)殡娋€沒有接好。
Nearly one home in ten across the country is wired up to receive TV via cable.該國有近十分之一的家庭通過電纜接收電視信號。
n.金屬絲；金屬線 a wire fence金屬線柵欄
電線；導(dǎo)線
Someone had cut the phone wires.有人切斷了電話線。
Don't touch those wires whatever you do.無論如何都別碰那些導(dǎo)線
Strings are stretched straight along the neck,
to cause something to reach, often as far aspossible, in a particular direction
伸出；伸長；拉伸
I tripped on a piece of wire that someone had stretched across the path.我被不知是誰拉在路上的一根電線絆倒了。
She stretched out her hand and helped him from his chair.她伸手將他從椅子上扶起來
to spread over a large area or distance舒展；展開，鋪開；延伸
A huge cloud of dense smoke stretched across the horizon.一大團(tuán)濃煙在地平線上蔓延開來。
The Andes stretch for 7,250 km along the west coast of South America.安第斯山脈沿南美洲西海岸綿延達(dá)7250公里。
Unsettled weather will stretch from the middle Mississippi Valley to the southernMiddle Atlantic States.自密西西比河流域中部至瀕大西洋中部諸州的南部天氣均不穩(wěn)定。
The refugee camps stretch as far as the eye can see.難民營綿延不絕，一眼望不到頭。
to go as far as or past the usual limit of something
到…的限度；超過…的限度；竭盡
Many families' budgets are already stretched to breaking point.許多家庭的預(yù)算已經(jīng)撐到了極限。
We can't work any harder, Paul. We're already fully stretched.我們無法再更賣力了，保羅。我們已經(jīng)竭盡全力了。
This movie really stretches the patience of the audience to the limit.這部電影簡直就是在考驗(yàn)觀眾的耐性。
Normally, people under 18 aren't allowed, but I guess we can stretch the rules for you as it's your birthday tomorrow.我們通常不接納未滿18歲的人，但考慮到明天是你的生日，我想我們可以稍稍變通一下。
（使彈性物）拉長，伸長；拽長
an exercise to stretch the leg muscles拉伸腿部肌肉的鍛煉
That elastic band will snap if you stretch it too far.那根橡皮筋拉得太長會(huì)斷的。
This substance stretches to any shape you want.這種物質(zhì)可以拉伸成你想要的任何形狀。
B2 [ I ] If a material stretches, it can become longer or wider whenpulled and then return to its original size.
有彈性，有彈力
to stretch fabrics彈力織物
to spread over a long period of time
延續(xù)
The dispute stretches back over many years.這場爭論可追溯到許多年以前。
Although we were supposed to finish this month, it looks like the work will stretch wellinto next year.雖然我們應(yīng)該在本月完工，但看來工作要拖到明年了。
[ T ] also stretch out to make a process or task continue for a longerperiod of time than was originally planned
延長（…的期限）
I'd like to stretch my mortgage payments out over a longer period if possible.如果可能的話，我想把按揭貸款的期限延長一些。
stretch verb (DO MORE)
If jobs or tasks stretch you, they make you ?new things that use your skill and experience more than before.
（工作或任務(wù)）使施展本領(lǐng)，對…具有挑戰(zhàn)性
My present job doesn't stretch me, so I'm looking for something more demanding.我目前的工作不能讓我盡展所長，所以我在尋找更有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。
space in between every adjacent pair.
very near, next to, or touching
鄰近的；毗連的
They work in adjacent buildings.他們在相鄰的兩座樓里工作。
They lived in a house adjacent to the railway.他們家住在鐵路旁邊。
Plucking a string creates a musical sound,
I or T ] us also pick to pull and then release the strings of a musicalinstrument with your finger to play notes
撥，彈（樂器的弦）
He sat on the bed, idly plucking (at) the strings of his guitar.他坐在床上，隨意地?fù)苤傧摇?/p>
courage and a strong wish to succeed膽識(shí)，勇氣
She showed a lot of pluck in standing up to her boss.她頂撞老板顯示出了很大的勇氣。
to pull something, especially with a ?movement, in orderto remove it拔
Caged birds sometimes pluck out their breast feathers.關(guān)在籠子里的鳥有時(shí)會(huì)把自己的胸羽拔下。
He plucked the letter from/out of my hand, and ran off with it.他從我手中搶過信后就跑開了。
Do you pluck your ?(= remove some of the hairs from them to give them abetter shape)?你修眉嗎？
[ T ] to remove the feathers from a chicken or other bird so that it can be ?and eaten拔去（雞或鳥的毛）
[ T usually passive ] to remove someone suddenly from a situation that isordinary使脫穎而出；提升
He was plucked from obscurity to star in the film.他脫穎而出成為這部電影的主演。
[ T ] to remove someone quickly from a dangerous or difficultsituation
使…脫離險(xiǎn)境，解救
The last passengers were plucked from the ship just seconds before it sank.最后一批游客在船沉沒前幾秒鐘被救起。
tanding waves of the strings jostles the guitar wood
to knock or push roughly against someone in order to move past them or get more space when you are in a crowd of people擠；推；撞
As we came into the arena, we were jostled by fans pushing their way towards thestage.我們進(jìn)入場內(nèi)時(shí)，被擁向舞臺(tái)的歌迷們推來搡去。
Photographers jostled and shoved to get a better view of the royal couple.攝影師們推推搡搡，以便更清晰地拍到這對王室夫婦。
into vibration, and that vibration
continuous quick, slight shaking movement
持續(xù)振動(dòng)；輕微抖動(dòng)
Vibrations were felt hundreds of miles from the centre of the earthquake.距震中數(shù)百英里范圍內(nèi)都有震感。
Aircraft manufacturers want to reduce vibration for the sake of safety.飛機(jī)制造商出于安全的考慮而想要減輕震動(dòng)。
further compresses the surrounding air into sound waves.
v. to press something into a smaller space壓縮；壓緊
Firmly compress the soil in the pot so that the plant is secure.把盆里的土壓實(shí)使植株固定。
compressed air壓縮空氣
to make information, a piece of writing, etc. shorter
壓縮（文字）；使（信息、作品等）精煉，縮短
The course compresses two year's training into six intensive months.這項(xiàng)課程把兩年的培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容壓縮成6個(gè)月的強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練。
I managed to compress ten pages of notes into four paragraphs.我設(shè)法把10頁的筆記壓縮成了4個(gè)段落。
to make a computer file use less space when it is stored in thememory of a computer or on a disk, by using a special program
壓縮（計(jì)算機(jī)文件）
to compress data/files壓縮數(shù)據(jù)／文件
n. a thick, soft piece of cloth that is pressed to a part of a person's bodyto stop bleeding or to reduce pain or swelling
（止血、止痛或消腫的）敷布，壓布
a cold/hot compress冷／熱敷布
a series of alternating oscillation of the nodes –
n.振動(dòng);波動(dòng);動(dòng)搖;<物>振蕩
Its oscillation depends on the strength of the gravitational field
它的振動(dòng)幅度取決于引力場的強(qiáng)度。
his is a simple harmonic oscillation.
這是個(gè)簡單諧波振蕩。
peaks and lulls, whose vibration frequency –
a short period of calm in which little happens
平靜時(shí)期；間歇
There has been a lull in the fighting.戰(zhàn)斗中出現(xiàn)了一段間歇。
a lull in the conversation/traffic談話的間歇／交通低谷
to cause someone to feel calm or to feel that they want to sleep
使安靜，使平和；使發(fā)困
The motion of the car almost lulled her to sleep.汽車的顛簸讓她昏昏欲睡。
the reciprocal of the distance
Areciprocal action or arrangement involves two people or groups ofpeople who behave in the same way or agree to help each other and give each other advantages.相互的；互惠的；報(bào)答的
They expected a reciprocal gesture before more hostages could be freed
在更多人質(zhì)獲得自由之前他們期望看到對方也有相應(yīng)的表示。
The department said many countries had reciprocal agreements for health care with Britain. 該部門稱許多國家和英國簽訂了醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生互惠協(xié)議。
Our relationship is based on reciprocal respect.
我們的關(guān)系是以互相尊重為基礎(chǔ)的。
The reciprocal of 8 is 1/ 8.
八的倒數(shù)為八分之一。
The guitar has a fretted neck –（吉他等弦樂器指板上定音的）品
to be nervous or worried
煩躁不安，苦惱，發(fā)愁
Don't fret - I'm sure he's OK.別發(fā)愁——他肯定沒事。
She spent the day fretting about/over what she'd said to Nicky.她為對尼基說的話而擔(dān)心了一整天。
by a half step of the octave.
the distance between two musical notes that are eight notes apart
八度；八度音階
Her remarkable vocal range spanned three and a half octaves.她的音域達(dá)三個(gè)半八度，寬得驚人。
When two strings are struck together, the added-up waves can form a chord/k??rd/
three or more musical notes played at the same time（音樂的）和弦，和音
if the frequencies come in harmony.
C or U ] a pleasant musical sound made by different notes beingplayed or sung at the same time
（音樂中的）和聲
singing in harmony唱和聲
It is a simple melody with complex harmonies.這是一首和聲復(fù)雜的簡單旋律。
Day21&22,23- How is baseball played?
Baseball starts with the home team playing defense and
the visitor team playing offense進(jìn)攻，鋒線隊(duì)員
defense :other team from scoring goals or points
（某些體育比賽中參賽隊(duì)的）防線，后衛(wèi)線
a strong defence強(qiáng)有力的防線
I play in defence.我是防守隊(duì)員。
an argument or explanation that you use to prove that you are not guilty of something辯護(hù)，辯解；辯詞
The judge remarked that ignorance was not a valid defence.法官說無知不能成為有效的辯護(hù)理由。
All I can say, in defence of my actions, is that I had little choice.我只能以別無選擇來為自己的行為辯解。
the things said in court to prove that a person did not commit acrime
（法庭）辯護(hù)；脫罪
She said that she didn't want a lawyer and was going to conduct her own defence.她說她不需要律師，她要自己辯護(hù)。
the defence C2
the person or people in a law case who have been accused of doing something illegal, and their lawyer(s)辯方；辯方律師
a ?for the defence辯方證人
a defence lawyer辯方律師
The home team lost to the visitors 2 to 3.
主隊(duì)以二比三敗于客隊(duì)。
protection or support against , criticism, or infection
保護(hù)，防護(hù)；防御；辯護(hù)
The rebels' only form of defence against the soldiers' guns was sticks and stones.叛亂者只能用木棍和石塊來抵御士兵們的槍彈。
The war has ended but government spending on defence (= the country's armedforces) is still increasing.戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了，但政府用于國防的開支卻還在增加。
When Helen criticized me, Chris came/rushed to my defence (= quickly supportedme).海倫批評我的時(shí)候，克里斯趕忙為我辯護(hù)。
The book is a closely argued defence of (= something that supports) the economictheory of Keynes.那本書通過嚴(yán)密的論證為凱恩斯的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論進(jìn)行辯護(hù)。
The towers were once an important part of the city's defences.那些高塔曾經(jīng)是該市防御體系中的重要組成部分。
A good diet helps build the body's natural defences.良好的飲食習(xí)慣有助于增強(qiáng)身體的自然抵抗能力。
offense進(jìn)攻，鋒線隊(duì)員
an illegal act; a crime
犯罪行為；罪行
a serious/minor offence重／輕罪
a criminal/drink-driving offence刑事／酒后駕車罪
Driving without a licence is an offence.無照駕駛是違法行為。
He committed several serious offences.他犯了好幾項(xiàng)重罪。
It's the third time that he's been convicted of a drug offence.這是他第三次因毒品犯罪被判刑。
upset and hurt or annoyed feelings, often because someone has been rude or shown no respect
冒犯；觸犯；得罪
I really didn't mean (to cause/give) any offence (= did not intend to upset anyone) - I was just stating my opinion.我真的不想冒犯任何人——我只是在陳述自己的意見。
Do you think he took offence (= was upset) at what I said about his hair?你覺得我對他頭發(fā)的評論得罪他了嗎？
informal If you don't mind, I'd rather go on my own - no offence (), but I thinkit would be better.如果你不介意，我寧愿自己去——沒有惡意，不過我覺得那樣會(huì)更好。
switch places- swap roles
to change suddenly or completely, especially from one thing to another, or to exchange by replacing one person or thing with another
（尤指由此至彼地）突然改變，徹底改變；調(diào)換；轉(zhuǎn)換
She started studying English, but switched to Law in her second year.她剛上大學(xué)時(shí)學(xué)的是英語，但二年級的時(shí)候她改學(xué)商務(wù)了。
In 1971, Britain switched over (= changed completely) to a decimal currency.1971年，英國改用十進(jìn)制貨幣。
After the bank robbery, the ?switched cars (= left one car and got into another).搶劫銀行后，匪徒們換了汽車。
switch the TV off/on關(guān)／開電視
a light switch電燈開關(guān)
Can you flip the switch?你能打開那個(gè)開關(guān)嗎？
the defense will play offense and vice versa.
Teachers qualified to teach in England are not accepted in Scotland and vice versa.在英格蘭有教書資格的老師在蘇格蘭得不到認(rèn)可，反之亦然。
We gossip about them and vice versa.
我們議論他們，他們也議論我們
Each team go through
I don't ever want to go through anything like that again.
我不想再經(jīng)歷那樣的事了。
If a law, plan, or deal goes through, it is officially accepted orapproved.
獲得正式認(rèn)可；被批準(zhǔn)；被通過
A city council member said that the proposals for the new shopping centre wereunlikely to go through.政務(wù)委員會(huì)的女發(fā)言人說，修建新購物中心的計(jì)劃不可能獲得通過。
in each inning, one of the nine playing periods in a game of baseball
（棒球中的）局，回合
The first inning started.
第一局開始了。
pitcher
a player who pitches the ball in a baseball game投球手
a large, round container for liquids that has a flat base, ahandle, and a very narrow raised opening at the top for pouring
罐，壺
an earthenware pitcher陶罐
[ C ] us uk jug a container for holding liquids that has a handle and a shaped opening at the top for pouring
（帶柄及頂部有開口的）壺，罐
a glass/plastic pitcher玻璃／塑料壺
a milk/water pitcher奶杯／水罐
a pitcher of beer/water/lemonade一壺啤酒／水／檸檬汁
home plate
in baseball, the place that the player has to stand next to in order tohit the ball, and the last place they have to touch to score a point（棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)中的）本壘板
The area of a baseball field that is enclosed by 3 bases and home plate.
被本壘和一、二、三壘包圍起來的棒球場地。
at the bottom tip point.
the usually pointed end of something, especially something that is long and thin
（尤指細(xì)長物體的）末梢，末端，尖
We had asparagus tips for dinner.我們晚飯吃了蘆筍尖。
If I stand on the tips of my toes, I can just reach the top shelf.如果踮起腳尖的話，我剛剛能夠到書架的頂層。
The Keys are coral islands off the southern tip of Florida.基思群島是佛羅里達(dá)半島南端以外的一群珊瑚島。
There's paint on the tip of your nose.你的鼻尖上有油漆。
V. ?to pour a substance from one containerinto another or onto a surface倒；傾倒
She tipped the contents of her purse out onto the table.她把錢包里的東西倒在桌子上。
He tipped his breakfast cereal into a bowl.他把早餐麥片倒入碗中。
The child picked up the box and tipped the toys out all over the floor.孩子撿起盒子，把里面的玩具倒了一地
N.小費(fèi) 指導(dǎo)（關(guān)于比賽有望獲勝者的）內(nèi)幕消息
gardening/cooking/sewing tips關(guān)于園藝／烹飪／縫紉的指導(dǎo)
She gave me a useful/helpful/valuable/practical tip about/for ?tomatoes.她給了我種植西紅柿的有用／有益／寶貴／實(shí)用的指點(diǎn)。
I've got a hot tip for you (= I can tell you about a particular likely winner of a race orcompetition, or give you a valuable piece of information).我能告訴你最新內(nèi)幕消息。
The batter chooses to either swing or not swing to hit the ball
to move easily and without interruption backwards and or from one side to the other, ?from a fixed point, or to cause something or someone to do this
擺動(dòng)，搖擺，搖晃
He walked briskly along swinging his rolled-up umbrella.他搖著收起的傘步履輕快地走在路上。
The door swung open.門開了。
[ I ] to change改變，變化
His mood swings between elation and despair.他情緒多變，一會(huì)兒興高采烈，一會(huì)兒又傷心絕望
foul ball
in baseball, a ball hit outside the playing field on either side
界外球（棒球比賽中，棒球落地點(diǎn)在球場任意一邊的界外）
And get foul ball footage from news and sport stations.
還有新聞和運(yùn)動(dòng)臺(tái)的界外球錄影。
I was concentrating so hard on the game that I didn't even blink until a foul ball hit me straight in the eye. 我全神貫注地看著球賽，連眼睛也沒眨一下，直到有顆界外球正中我的眼睛。
third or even go around and finish the home run.
a point scored in baseball by ?the ball so far that you have timeto run all the way around the four corners of the ?field before it is returned（棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)中的）本壘打
It's a home run! The crowd goes wiid! 全壘打！人群瘋狂了！
Can you beIieve it? I'm a home run ball! 你能相信嗎？我成了本壘球！
We hit a home run last week at the trade fair.
我們在上周的商品交易會(huì)中取得了成功。
Run
in cricket and baseball, a single point, scored by running from one place to another
（板球或棒球中的）一分
England need 105 runs to win the game.英格蘭隊(duì)需要得到105分才能贏得比賽。
一連串
a run of successes/defeats/bad luck一個(gè)又一個(gè)的成功／一連串的失敗／厄運(yùn)連連
the usual type of something（某物的）普通類型，一般貨色
Their food is the general run of hotel cooking.他們的飯菜是一般賓館飯菜的水平。
an area of ground of limited size for keeping animals
飼養(yǎng)場；牧場
a sheep/chicken/hen run牧羊場／養(yǎng)雞場
a long, vertical hole in tights and stockings
（連褲襪或長筒襪上的）脫線，抽絲
I've got a run in my tights from the nail on my chair.我的連褲襪被椅子上的釘子刮了一下，抽絲了。
