UIPageViewController是一個用來管理內(nèi)容頁之間導航的容器控制器(container view controller),其中每個子頁面由子視圖控制器管理。內(nèi)容頁間導航可以由用戶手勢觸發(fā),也可以由代碼控制。在頁面之間導航時,UIPageViewController使用其初始化時指定的transition style動畫。
在應用程序啟動時,我們可以使用UIPageViewController來實現(xiàn)引導圖的效果,以告知用戶app的基本功能。
這篇文章將講述如何使用UIPageViewController,讓用戶在不同頁面間滑動。
1. 創(chuàng)建demo
創(chuàng)建一個Simple View Application模板的工程,名稱為PageViewController。創(chuàng)建兩個繼承自UIViewController的控制器,名稱分別為RootViewController、DataViewController;另外創(chuàng)建一個名稱為Model繼承自NSObject的類。
Xcode提供了Page-Based App模板,其包含一個基于
UIPageViewController的功能齊全的應用程序。但這個模板有點復雜,需要花更多時間來清理模版。除此之外,從頭開始更易于理解UIPageViewController背后的概念。
demo完成后效果如下:


2. 頁面布局
進入DataViewController.h文件,在接口部分添加以下屬性:
@interface DataViewController : UIViewController
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSUInteger itemIndex;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *day;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *quote;
@end
進入DataViewController.m文件,聲明兩個UILabel用來顯示頁碼和內(nèi)容,同時使用懶加載初始化,并添加到view,如下:
@interface DataViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *dayLabel;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *quoteLabel;
@end
#pragma mark - Getters & Setters
- (UILabel *)dayLabel {
if (!_dayLabel) {
_dayLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 30, CGRectGetWidth(self.view.bounds), 20)];
_dayLabel.font = [UIFont preferredFontForTextStyle:UIFontTextStyleBody];
_dayLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
}
return _dayLabel;
}
- (UILabel *)quoteLabel {
if (!_quoteLabel) {
_quoteLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 50, CGRectGetWidth(self.view.bounds), CGRectGetHeight(self.view.bounds) - 50)];
_quoteLabel.frame = CGRectInset(_quoteLabel.frame, 16, 0);
_quoteLabel.font = [UIFont preferredFontForTextStyle:UIFontTextStyleTitle1];
_quoteLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
_quoteLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
}
return _quoteLabel;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
[self.view addSubview:self.dayLabel];
[self.view addSubview:self.quoteLabel];
}
最后,在viewWillAppear:中將itemIndex、day和quote顯示到UILabel:
- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {
[super viewWillAppear:animated];
self.dayLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Page %lu %@",self.itemIndex + 1, [self.day description]];
self.quoteLabel.text = self.quote;
}
3. UIPageViewControllerDataSource
為支持手勢導航,必須為視圖控制器提供data source,它會根據(jù)需要提供內(nèi)容視圖控制器,data source必須遵守UIPageViewControllerDataSource協(xié)議。
一般,UIPageViewControllerDataSource會根據(jù)傳入的視圖控制器來決定要顯示的內(nèi)容,以此創(chuàng)建所需的視圖控制器。在視圖控制器中添加諸如頁碼之類的信息很有幫助,可以簡化確定顯示內(nèi)容的任務(wù)。
進入Model.h文件,聲明Model類遵守UIPageViewControllerDataSource協(xié)議,并添加以下方法:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class DataViewController;
@interface Model : NSObject <UIPageViewControllerDataSource>
- (DataViewController *)viewControllerAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index;
@end
進入Model.m文件,聲明兩個數(shù)組,用于每頁顯示的內(nèi)容,如下:
@interface Model ()
@property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) NSArray *days;
@property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) NSArray *quotes;
@end
在初始化方法中,創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)模型:
- (instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
// 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)模型。
NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
_days = [[dateFormatter weekdaySymbols] copy];
_quotes = @[@"Everyone who isn’t us is an enemy.",
@"When you play the game of thrones you win or you die. There is no middle ground.",
@"You’re a clever man. But you’re not half as clever as you think you are.",
@"Nobody cares what your father once told you.",
@"Everywhere in the world, they hurt little girls.",
@"I choose violence.",
@"What is Dead May Never Die"
];
}
return self;
}
實現(xiàn)接口部分聲明的方法:
- (DataViewController *)viewControllerAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index {
// 返回指定index的視圖控制器。
if (self.days.count == 0 || index >= self.days.count) {
return nil;
}
DataViewController *dataVC = [[DataViewController alloc] init];
dataVC.itemIndex = index;
dataVC.day = self.days[index];
dataVC.quote = self.quotes[index];
return dataVC;
}
UIPageViewControllerDataSource協(xié)議共有四個方法,其中pageViewController:viewControllerBeforeViewController:方法和pageViewController:viewControllerAfterViewController方法必須實現(xiàn)。
- (UIViewController *)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController viewControllerBeforeViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {
// 返回上一個視圖控制器。
NSUInteger index = ((DataViewController *)viewController).itemIndex;
if (index == 0 || index == NSNotFound) {
return nil;
}
--index;
return [self viewControllerAtIndex:index];
}
- (UIViewController *)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController viewControllerAfterViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {
// 返回下一個視圖控制器。
NSUInteger index = ((DataViewController *)viewController).itemIndex;
if (index == self.days.count - 1 || index == NSNotFound) {
return nil;
}
++index;
return [self viewControllerAtIndex:index];
}
如果同時實現(xiàn)了presentationCountForPageViewController:和presentationIndexForPageViewController:可選實現(xiàn)協(xié)議方法,同時UIPageViewController的transition style被指定為UIPageViewControllerTransitionStyleScroll,navigationOrientation被指定為UIPageViewControllerNavigationOrientationHorizontal,則會在視圖控制器底部顯示page indicator。
// 初始頁。
- (NSInteger)presentationIndexForPageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController {
NSUInteger currentPage = 2;
if (currentPage >= self.days.count) {
currentPage = 0;
}
DataViewController *dataVC = (DataViewController *)pageViewController.viewControllers.firstObject;
dataVC.itemIndex = currentPage;
dataVC.day = self.days[currentPage];
dataVC.quote = self.quotes[currentPage];
return currentPage;
}
// 共多少頁。
- (NSInteger)presentationCountForPageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController {
return self.days.count;
}
如果默認顯示第一頁,則presentationIndexForPageViewController:方法可以直接返回0,而無需做其他操作。
在調(diào)用
setViewControllers:direction:animated:completioin:方法后,會調(diào)用上面配置page control的方法。通過手勢在頁面間導航時,將不再調(diào)用上述方法,currentPage的index會被自動更新,視圖控制器的數(shù)量應為常量。
4. 配置UIPageViewController
進入RootViewController.m文件,聲明一個UIPageViewController類型的屬性,另外聲明一個Model類型的實例。
#import "RootViewController.h"
#import "DataViewController.h"
#import "Model.h"
@interface RootViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIPageViewController *pageViewController;
@property (nonatomic, strong) Model *model;
@end
記得導入
DataViewController和Model類。
在viewDidLoad方法中配置UIPageViewController,更新后如下:
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// 初始化并配置pageViewController。
self.pageViewController = [[UIPageViewController alloc] initWithTransitionStyle:UIPageViewControllerTransitionStyleScroll
navigationOrientation:UIPageViewControllerNavigationOrientationHorizontal
options:@{UIPageViewControllerOptionInterPageSpacingKey : @20}];
DataViewController *dataVC = [self.model viewControllerAtIndex:0];
[self.pageViewController setViewControllers:@[dataVC]
direction:UIPageViewControllerNavigationDirectionForward
animated:YES
completion:nil];
// 設(shè)置代理。
self.pageViewController.dataSource = self.model;
self.pageViewController.delegate = self;
// 設(shè)置pageViewController inset。
CGRect pageViewRect = self.view.bounds;
if ([UIDevice currentDevice].userInterfaceIdiom == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad) {
pageViewRect = CGRectInset(pageViewRect, 40, 40);
}
self.pageViewController.view.frame = pageViewRect;
// 添加視圖控制器、視圖。
[self addChildViewController:self.pageViewController];
[self.view addSubview:self.pageViewController.view];
[self.pageViewController didMoveToParentViewController:self];
// 設(shè)置page indicator顏色。
UIPageControl *pagecontrol = UIPageControl.appearance;
pagecontrol.pageIndicatorTintColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
pagecontrol.currentPageIndicatorTintColor = [UIColor darkGrayColor];
}
// 初始化model
- (Model *)model {
if (!_model) {
_model = [[Model alloc] init];
}
return _model;
}
initWithTransitionStyle:navigationOrientation:options:方法用來初始化UIPageViewController,其參數(shù)如下:
transition style參數(shù):可以為滾動樣式
UIPageViewControllerTransitionStyleScroll和翻頁樣式UIPageViewControllerTransitionPageCurl。navigationOrientation:可以為橫向
UIPageViewControllerNavigationOrientationHorizontal和縱向UIPageViewControllerNavigationOrientationVertical。-
options:該參數(shù)為詞典。key為
UIPageViewControllerOptionInterPageSpacingKey和UIPageViewControllerOptionSpineLocationKey。Key為
UIPageViewControllerOptionInterPageSpacingKey時,值應為封裝在NSNumber中的CGFloat類型。默認值為0。只有在transition style為UIPageViewControllerTransitionStyleScroll時才會生效。-
Key為
UIPageViewControllerOptionSpineLocationKey時,值為以下枚舉類型:typedef enum UIPageViewControllerSpineLocation : NSInteger { UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationNone = 0, UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMin = 1, UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMid = 2, UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMax = 3 } UIPageViewControllerSpineLocation;
當transition style為UIPageViewControllerTransitionPageCurl時,該值默認為UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMin;否則,該值默認為UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationNone。另外,使用該值時應當將其封裝在NSNumber對象中使用。
初始化UIPageViewController后,使用setViewControllers:direction:animated:completion:方法設(shè)置其內(nèi)容視圖??梢灾付ㄒ淮物@示一個或兩個視圖控制器,其由spineLocation、doubleSided屬性決定。動畫結(jié)束后將顯示傳遞給該方法的viewControllers。如果transition style為UIPageViewControllerTransitionStylePageCurl,傳遞給該方法的viewControllers將由spineLocation、doubleSided屬性決定。
| spineLocation | doubleSided | viewControllers參數(shù) |
|---|---|---|
| UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMid | YES | 傳入左側(cè)和右側(cè)需要顯示的視圖控制器 |
| UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMin 或 UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMax |
YES | 傳入正面、背面兩側(cè)顯示的視圖控制器。 背面視圖控制用于翻頁動畫 |
| UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMin 或 UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMax |
NO | 傳入正面需要顯示的視圖控制器 |
5. UIPageViewControllerDelegate
UIPageViewController的委托必須遵守UIPageViewControllerDelegete協(xié)議,該協(xié)議中的方法允許委托在設(shè)備方向改變、用戶導航到新頁面時接收通知。對于page-curl style transition,可以在用戶界面改變時提供不同的脊柱位置(spine location)。
在RootViewController.m文件中,添加兩個NSUInteger類型的屬性,分別用來保存當前頁碼、下一頁碼。
@interface RootViewController () <UIPageViewControllerDelegate>
...
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSUInteger currentIndex;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSUInteger nextIndex;
@end
實現(xiàn)UIPageViewControllerDelegete的協(xié)議方法,在用戶滑動時更新頁面內(nèi)容:
// 手勢導航開始前調(diào)用該方法。
- (void)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController willTransitionToViewControllers:(NSArray<UIViewController *> *)pendingViewControllers {
// 如果用戶終止了滑動導航,transition將不能完成,頁面也將保持不變。
DataViewController *dataVC = (DataViewController *)pendingViewControllers.firstObject;
if (dataVC) {
self.nextIndex = dataVC.itemIndex;
// 輸出滑動方向
if (self.currentIndex < self.nextIndex) {
NSLog(@"Forward");
} else {
NSLog(@"Backward");
}
}
}
// 手勢導航結(jié)束后調(diào)用該方法。
- (void)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController didFinishAnimating:(BOOL)finished previousViewControllers:(NSArray<UIViewController *> *)previousViewControllers transitionCompleted:(BOOL)completed {
// 使用completed參數(shù)區(qū)分成功導航和中止導航。
if (completed) {
self.currentIndex = self.nextIndex;
}
}
運行demo,滑動上面視圖或點擊底部UIPageControl,如下所示:

雖然在初始化時指定了page間距,但上面的gif中并沒有顯示,這是因為RootViewController和DataViewController背景顏色一致所致,設(shè)置DataViewController視圖背景顏色為brown color,再次運行demo:

更新RootViewController.m中的viewDidLoad方法,設(shè)置transition style為page curl:
- (void)viewDidLoad {
...
// page curl
self.pageViewController = [[UIPageViewController alloc] initWithTransitionStyle:UIPageViewControllerTransitionStylePageCurl
navigationOrientation:UIPageViewControllerNavigationOrientationHorizontal
options:@{UIPageViewControllerOptionSpineLocationKey : @(UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMin)}];
...
}
另外,實現(xiàn)UIPageViewControllerDelegate協(xié)議中的pageViewController: spineLocationForInterfaceOrientation:方法,根據(jù)設(shè)備狀態(tài)調(diào)整spine location。
- (UIPageViewControllerSpineLocation)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController spineLocationForInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)orientation {
if (UIInterfaceOrientationIsPortrait(orientation) || ([UIDevice currentDevice].userInterfaceIdiom == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPhone)) {
// 設(shè)備為phone,或portrait狀態(tài)時,設(shè)置UIPageViewControllerSpineLocation為Min。
DataViewController *currentVC = self.pageViewController.viewControllers.firstObject;
[self.pageViewController setViewControllers:@[currentVC]
direction:UIPageViewControllerNavigationDirectionForward
animated:YES
completion:nil];
self.pageViewController.doubleSided = NO;
return UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMin;
} else {
// 在landscape orientation時,設(shè)置spine為mid,pageViewController展示兩個視圖控制器。
DataViewController *currentVC = self.pageViewController.viewControllers.firstObject;
NSUInteger indexOfCurrentVC = currentVC.itemIndex;
NSArray *viewControllers = [NSArray array];
if (indexOfCurrentVC == 0 || indexOfCurrentVC % 2 == 0) {
// 如果當前頁為偶數(shù),則顯示當前頁和下一頁。
UIViewController *nextVC = [self.model pageViewController:self.pageViewController viewControllerAfterViewController:currentVC];
viewControllers = @[currentVC, nextVC];
} else {
// 如果當前頁為奇數(shù),則顯示上一頁和當前頁。
UIViewController *previousVC = [self.model pageViewController:self.pageViewController viewControllerBeforeViewController:currentVC];
viewControllers = @[previousVC, currentVC];
}
[self.pageViewController setViewControllers:viewControllers
direction:UIPageViewControllerNavigationDirectionForward
animated:YES
completion:nil];
return UIPageViewControllerSpineLocationMid;
}
}
運行demo,如下所示:

另外,UIPageViewControllerDelegate協(xié)議中還有pageViewControllerSupportedInterfaceOrientations:方法,用來指定支持的全部方向。pageViewControllerPreferredInterfaceOrientationForPresentation:方法返回頁面視圖控制器的首選呈現(xiàn)方向。
UIPageViewController類一般原樣使用(used as-is),但也可以繼承。
Demo名稱:PageViewController
源碼地址:https://github.com/pro648/BasicDemos-iOS
參考資料: