代碼示例

#!/bin/bash

# getopts 獲取參數(shù)
# 一次只處理命令行上檢測(cè)到的一個(gè)參數(shù)，處理完所有參數(shù)后會(huì)返回一個(gè)大于0的狀態(tài)碼，非常適合在循環(huán)中解析命令行所有參數(shù)
# 格式：getopts optstring variable
# optstring : 參數(shù)列表，如果選項(xiàng)需要跟一個(gè)選項(xiàng)值，則需要在選項(xiàng)后加一個(gè)冒號(hào)，如果沒(méi)有選項(xiàng)值，則可以直接寫選項(xiàng)名稱，如果想要系統(tǒng)不提示錯(cuò)誤信息，可以所有的選項(xiàng)前也就是optstring前加一個(gè)冒號(hào)
# variable : 會(huì)將當(dāng)前參數(shù)保存在命令行中定義的variable變量中
# 字符“*”表示剩余的所有參數(shù)選項(xiàng)

while getopts :a:b:c opt
do
    case "$opt" in
    a) echo "found the a option, with the value is ${OPTARG}";;
    b) echo "found the b option, with the value is ${OPTARG}";;
    c) echo "found the c option";;
    *) echo "Unknown option $OPTARG";;
    esac
done

執(zhí)行結(jié)果

[root@localhost shell_script]# ./16.sh -d -a hello -b world
Unknown option d
found the a option, with the value is hello
found the b option, with the value is world

[root@localhost shell_script]# ./16.sh -d -a hello -b world -d -r -g
Unknown option d
found the a option, with the value is hello
found the b option, with the value is world
Unknown option d
Unknown option r
Unknown option g