體悟：
根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的語域，雖然將原文的隱喻翻出來能讓讀者體會(huì)到st 的風(fēng)采，但還是以傳遞信息為target， 建議以直譯為妥。
背景理解：
http://www.jiemian.com/article/560856.html
舉例：
fintech ?更像是國(guó)內(nèi)的 ?p2p
psd 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?支付寶
這種感覺更像是psd2 提供了一個(gè)通道和途徑，像是一座橋梁一樣連接著顧客和fintech和bank，顧客的交易活動(dòng)是通過psd2 實(shí)現(xiàn)的，比如可以通過支付寶中的螞蟻花唄貸款和通過支付寶綁定銀行進(jìn)行提現(xiàn)之類的操作。而psd2的安全性就成了監(jiān)管的重點(diǎn)，有類似于支付寶之類的app，但是很垃圾，忘了什么名字，我朋友就被里面的bug騙錢了，也是國(guó)內(nèi)監(jiān)管不利的結(jié)果。
retail banking : only provide service for individuals
important phases：
level the playing field ?創(chuàng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境
level the paying field ?創(chuàng)造公平支付環(huán)境
become overdrawn ?透支
nudge them to save more 鼓勵(lì)增加儲(chǔ)蓄
have easy access to ? 便于
kick-stat competition ?發(fā)動(dòng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) （腳踏啟動(dòng)器）
give explicit consent 明確同意
one-click bank transfer ? 一鍵轉(zhuǎn)帳
low-value payments 小額支付
tighten up security ?加強(qiáng)安保措施
guide them toward ?指導(dǎo)操作
rich data ?龐大數(shù)據(jù)
leave them in a weaker position: 使他們處于不利地位
robust data-protection system ?強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)系統(tǒng)
insured against losses from fraud ?詐騙損失保險(xiǎn)
perfect on paper ?理論完美，實(shí)際操作困難
team up with ? 合作
online transaction ?在線交易所
bank cards ?信用卡
unscathed ?毫發(fā)無傷
unscathed ?毫發(fā)無傷
be cumbersome for ?不方便的
transform the landscape ?改變現(xiàn)狀
sophisticated checks ?復(fù)雜的審核
rock-bottom ?最低價(jià)
dumb pipes ? 啞管道（沒人關(guān)心）
block competition ?妨礙競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
sophisticated checks ?復(fù)雜的審核
bank face 銀行信譽(yù)
rule be waters down ? 削弱（摻水）
bare ?one’s teeth ?張牙舞爪
cit change ?引起改變
team up with ?合作
track cashflow and invoices 查詢現(xiàn)金流和發(fā)票
via co-operation or confrontation ?通過競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或是合作
wave through a transaction ?順利完成一項(xiàng)交易（complete or finish sth）
misunderstanding:
lochhold ?牢牢把握
handy source ?輕而易舉就可獲得的資源（in hand）
mount a challenge ?發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)
reverse:（totally misunderstand ）
Fintech companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry in northern Europe. But their reach is more limited elsewhere in Europe.
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融公司已經(jīng)開始發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是對(duì)北歐線上支付領(lǐng)域。但對(duì)歐洲其他地區(qū)的影響則要小得多。（理解成應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)了）
Resistance is manifested as a concern about data protection. Such concerns are legitimate but also, argue fintech supporters, offer a convenient excuse for banks to block competition.
抗拒源自對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)的擔(dān)憂，這是合情合理的。但互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的支持者們認(rèn)為，這也是銀行抵制競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的絕佳借口。（賓主弄混，原先理解成argue with fintech suppoter,支持與反對(duì)者之間的爭(zhēng)辯，實(shí)際應(yīng)是fintech suppoters argue taht）
This article is mainly talking about two main aspects:one is fintech and the other is retailer bank.The author makes the psd 2 as bridge to connect them,and iterates what challenges has been bring to ,how could they ?fix with new situation.The author advocates both of them should team up with psd 2.The reasons as follows:1.For fintech,they need customer-transaction information to provide financial services.2.For retailer bank,the advent new technology shakes up the interest rates.So under such circumstance,the solution is that psd2 could input requisite data with customers’ explicit consent and then the cooperate firms could scrounge the information. In order running such business form,the security should be put in first position.One one hand, psd 2 should prove their liability,on the other hand they also have to reinforce the date-protection system.
ps：我覺得邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該是這樣的，不知道正確與否。
important phases
account for ? 描述比例
jump by/climb/increase/go up/rise ? 上升
market capitalization ? 市值
due to ?（because of)
beef up ?增強(qiáng)
listed companies ?上市公司
ground for skepticism dose not come much more fertile than this ?最充分的理由莫過于此
justify faith ?證明
propel business ?促進(jìn)業(yè)務(wù)
whirl virtuous circle
It’s easy to tick off the pitfalls. ?挑戰(zhàn)比比皆是
distant horizon ?長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)
heady valuation ?超高估值
self-fulfilling ?prophecy ?自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言
whinge about ? ? 抱怨
debacle ?（disaster) ?慘敗
lure/entice/attract ?customer ?吸引顧客
crank out cash ?賺錢
breath of activities ?經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍
seen through this lens ?從這方面看
drone delivers ?無人機(jī)
get anywhere close to ?幾乎實(shí)現(xiàn)
misunderstanding
former bookseller ? 書商起家
92% of its value is due to profits expected after 2020. ? 其中92%來自2020年以后的盈利預(yù)期。
If it makes as much money as investors hope ?該公司實(shí)際業(yè)績(jī)與投資者預(yù)期一致
So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon’s heady valuation resembles a self-fulfilling prophecy.
只要股東對(duì)這一模式保持信念，那么亞馬遜的超高估值就類似于自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言。
Their faith is sustained by Amazon’s record.
他們的信心來自于亞馬遜過去的業(yè)績(jī)
But the business is starting to crank out cash.
但是公司還是在賺錢的
A wingspan this large is more reminiscent of a conglomerate than a retailer
亞馬遜經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍之廣證明其
These article is mainly express pros and cons view about Amazon business.For one hand,the author admit Amazon’s greatness;the other hand,he also express his concerns for Amazon’s growing problems.At the beginning, the author acclaim that Amazon is an extraordinary company for its breath activities ranging from physical products to technology.Then,as it turns incline,author lists out the plight the Amazon facing.But he heads the belief Amazon could fix it well.One the second section,the author introduce that Amazon brings a subversive managing idea and make comparison between it and few companies.He points out Amazon not like others but focus on distant horizon.Amazon’s success erects upon abnormal facts:1.little earning but heady valuation2.conglomerate but bloated share price.And above all,the most the author admire is its virtuous circle.The bottom section,the author express his concerning,the developing greatness sure will bring regulators unreasonable charge and more duty coming from government.
