前言
Android系統(tǒng)為我們提供了很多服務(wù)管理的類,包括ActivityManager、PowerManager(電源管理)、AudioManager(音頻管理)等。除此之外,還提供了一個PackageManger管理類,它的主要職責是管理應(yīng)用程序包。 通過PackageManager,我們就可以獲取應(yīng)用程序信息。
提到PackageManager,就得提一下AndroidManifest.XML文件了。AndroidManifest.xml是Android應(yīng)用程序中最重要的文件之一。它是Android程序的全局配置文件,是每個 android程序中必須的文件。它位于我們開發(fā)的應(yīng)用程序的根目錄下,描述了package中的全局數(shù)據(jù),包括package中暴露的組件 (activities, services, 等等),以及他們各自的實現(xiàn)類,各種能被處理的數(shù)據(jù)和啟動位置等重要信息。
因此,該文件提供了Android系統(tǒng)所需要的關(guān)于該應(yīng)用程序的必要信息,即在該應(yīng)用程序的任何代碼運行之前系統(tǒng)所必須擁有的信息。PackageManager獲取的信息即來自AndroidManifest.XML。
PackageManager的功能
1、安裝,卸載應(yīng)用
2、查詢permission相關(guān)信息
3、查詢Application相關(guān)信息(application,activity,receiver,service,provider及相應(yīng)屬性等)
4、查詢已安裝應(yīng)用
5、增加,刪除permission
6、清除用戶數(shù)據(jù)、緩存,代碼段等
獲取PackageManager對象
PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
獲取方式
獲取不同信息主要是傳入不同的flag值
//第一個參數(shù)傳入應(yīng)用包名,
//第二個參數(shù)是一個flag表示你想要獲取哪些信息,比如下例的activity信息及activity標簽下的metadata信息
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES | PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
具體信息獲取
1、權(quán)限信息(AndroidManifest中<uses-permission/>標簽中信息列表)
String[] permisions = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS).requestedPermissions;
2、版本信息
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
String versionName = packageInfo.versionName;
int versionCode = packageInfo.versionCode;
3、其他信息
比如sharedUserId、packageName等等
獲取ApplicationInfo信息
獲取方式
//由上述packageInfo中獲取得到
ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = packageInfo.applicationInfo;
具體信息獲取
1、應(yīng)用名稱
String appName = (String) applicationInfo.loadLabel(packageManager);
2、應(yīng)用圖標
Drawable appIcon = applicationInfo.loadIcon(packageManager);
3、其他信息
比如taskAffinity、processName、theme等
獲取組件信息(ActivityInfo、ServiceInfo、ProviderInfo)
ActvitityInfo
Activity或者BroadcastReceiver信息都是通過ActivityInfo獲取的
獲取方式
//flag值必須包含PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES,如果還要獲取其他信息如metadata則增加一個flag值PackageManager.GET_META_DATA
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName,PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
//activity信息
ActivityInfo[] activities = packageInfo.activities;
//flag值必須包含PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS,如果還要獲取其他信息如metadata則增加一個flag值PackageManager.GET_META_DATA
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName,PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS);
//broadcastreceiver信息
ActivityInfo[] receivers = packageInfo.receivers
具體信息獲取
1、activity全路徑
String activityClassName = activityInfo.name;
2、其他信息
比如theme、launchMode、taskAffinity等
ServiceInfo
Service信息通過ServiceInfo獲取
獲取方式
//flag值必須包含PackageManager.GET_SERVICES,如果還要獲取其他信息如metadata則增加一個flag值PackageManager.GET_META_DATA
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName,PackageManager.GET_SERVICES);
ServiceInfo[] services = packageInfo.services;
具體信息獲取
比如flags、permission
ProviderInfo
ContentProvider信息通過ProviderInfo獲取
獲取方式
//flag值必須包含PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS,如果還要獲取其他信息如metadata則增加一個flag值PackageManager.GET_META_DATA
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName,PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS);
ServiceInfo[] services = packageInfo.services;
具體信息獲取
比如authority、readPermission、writePermission等
使用實例
1、根據(jù)包名獲取應(yīng)用信息
//首先獲取packageManager
PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
//獲取packageInfo信息
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
//獲取應(yīng)用版本號
int versionCode = packageInfo.versionCode;
//獲取應(yīng)用版本名
String versionName = packageInfo.versionName;
//獲取應(yīng)用名稱
String appName = (String) packageInfo.applicationInfo.loadLabel(packageManager);
//獲取應(yīng)用圖標
Drawable appIcon = packageInfo.applicationInfo.loadIcon(packageManager)
//<application/>標簽下metadata獲取
ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = packageManager.getApplicationInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
Bundle metadata = applicationInfo.metaData;//然后通過改bundle獲取相應(yīng)值,用法見bundle
//<activity/>標簽下metadata獲取(其他service\receiver\provider同理,切換flag即可)
//入口信息獲取
PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES | PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
ActivityInfo[] activityInfos = packageInfo.activities;
for (ActivityInfo activityInfo : activityInfos) {
Bundle metadata = activityInfo.metaData;//然后通過改bundle獲取相應(yīng)值,用法
見bundle
String activityClassName = activityInfo.name;
}
2、擴展(直接獲取未安裝apk信息)
PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
//apkPath傳入apk絕對路徑
PackageInfo pInfo = packageManager.getPackageArchiveInfo(apkPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
if (pInfo != null) {
//包名
String packageName = pInfo.packageName;
//版本名
String versionCode = pInfo.versionName;
//版本號
String versionCode = pInfo.versionCode;
ApplicationInfo appInfo = pInfo.applicationInfo;
/** 必須加這兩句,不然下面icon獲取是default icon而不是應(yīng)用包的icon */
appInfo.sourceDir = apkPath;
appInfo.publicSourceDir = apkPath;
//應(yīng)用名
String appName = appInfo.loadLabel(packageManager).toString();
//應(yīng)用圖標
Drawable appIcon = packageManager.getApplicationIcon(appInfo);
//...其他信息同上獲取已安裝應(yīng)用信息一樣
}
3、根據(jù)包名打開應(yīng)用LauncherActivity
public static void openApplication(Context context, String packageName) throws Exception {
Intent launcherIntent = new Intent("android.intent.action.MAIN", null);
launcherIntent.addCategory("android.intent.category.LAUNCHER");
launcherIntent.setPackage(packageName);
ResolveInfo localResolveInfo = (ResolveInfo) context.getPackageManager()
.queryIntentActivities(launcherIntent, 0).iterator().next();
if (localResolveInfo != null) {
String str = localResolveInfo.activityInfo.name;
Intent targetIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
targetIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
targetIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
targetIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName(packageName, str));
context.startActivity(localIntent2);
}
4、獲取所有已安裝應(yīng)用信息
PackageManager packageManager = mContext.getPackageManager();
List<PackageInfo> mPacks = packageManager.getInstalledPackages(0);
for(PackageInfo packageInfo : mPacks) {
//是否是系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用
boolean isUserApp = (packageInfo.applicationInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) == 0;
//...同上獲取其他信息
}
5、獲取應(yīng)用大小數(shù)據(jù)
packageManager.getPackageSizeInfo(packageName, new IPackageStatsObserver.Stub() {
@Override
public void onGetStatsCompleted(PackageStats packageStats, boolean b) throws RemoteException {
String package = packageStats.packageName;
long totalSize = packageStats.cacheSize + packageStats.codeSize + packageStats.dataSize;
});