After a petition called Gandhi 'racist,' his statue was removed from the University of Ghana
在一份請(qǐng)?jiān)笗鴮⒏实胤Q為“種族主義者”之后，他在加納大學(xué)的雕像被拆除
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Another marker has been felled in the intense argument over whether historic figures with racist histories should be honored. The University of Ghana in Accra no longer has a statue of India independence leader Mohandas K. Gandhi.
在關(guān)于是否應(yīng)該尊重具有種族主義色彩的歷史人物的激烈爭(zhēng)論中，又一個(gè)標(biāo)志被打倒。印度獨(dú)立領(lǐng)袖莫漢達(dá)斯 K·甘地的雕像在位于阿克拉的加納大學(xué)不復(fù)存在了。
Gandhi's Indian empowerment argument, critics said in a petition to remove the statue, appeared to be that the British colonial government treated Indians a "little better, if at all, than the savages or the Natives of Africa." He spoke of the "half-heathen Native" and said that treating Indians like Africans would "degrade us." The sole occupation of "raw" natives is hunting, he said and their "sole ambition is to collect a certain number of cattle to buy a wife with and, then, pass his life in indolence and nakedness."
批評(píng)者們?cè)趯⒌袼芤瞥恼?qǐng)?jiān)笗蟹Q，甘地關(guān)于增強(qiáng)印度信心的言論里，似乎提到了英國(guó)殖民政府對(duì)待印度人“比非洲的野蠻人或者土著好一點(diǎn)，但也許沒(méi)有”。他談到了“半異教徒的土著人”，還說(shuō)把印度人當(dāng)非洲人對(duì)待會(huì)“貶低我們”。他說(shuō)，非洲“源自傳統(tǒng)部落的”土著唯一的工作就是捕獵，他們“唯一的野心就是累積一定數(shù)量的牛來(lái)買一個(gè)老婆，然后，懶惰地、赤裸地度過(guò)余生。”
Critics argue that Gandhi's thoughts about Africans shouldn't be whitewashed by history—that no one's flaws should be immune from historical scrutiny. Christopher Columbus "discovered" the Americas,—then killed and enslaved the people who already lived there. Many of America's Founding Fathers owned slaves. Martin Luther King Jr. cheated on his wife. And for members of the University of Ghana council who started the petition in 2016 and the more than 2,200 people had signed it since, a statue to Gandhi had no place on campus.
批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，甘地關(guān)于非洲人的想法不應(yīng)該被歷史粉飾——沒(méi)有一個(gè)人的瑕疵應(yīng)該免于歷史的審查。 克里斯托弗·哥倫布“發(fā)現(xiàn)”了美洲——之后屠殺、奴役了已經(jīng)在那里生活的人們。 許多美國(guó)的開國(guó)元?jiǎng)锥紦碛信`。 馬丁·路德·金有過(guò)外遇。而對(duì)于 2016 年開始起草這份請(qǐng)?jiān)笗募蛹{大學(xué)委員會(huì)成員們，還有從那之后的 2200 多個(gè)在請(qǐng)?jiān)笗虾炞值娜藗儊?lái)說(shuō)，甘地的雕像在校園里沒(méi)有容身之地。
"We consider this to be a slap in the face that undermines our struggles for autonomy, recognition and respect," the petition says.
請(qǐng)?jiān)笗险f(shuō)：“我們認(rèn)為，甘地的雕像是一記耳光，破壞了我們對(duì)自治、認(rèn)可和尊重的爭(zhēng)取。”
重點(diǎn)詞匯
petition/p??t??n/
n. 請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?/p>
e.g.
petition sb. to do sth. (v.)
fell/fel/
v. 打倒，擊倒
empowerment/?m?pa??rm?nt/
n. 使更強(qiáng)大（empower v.）
e.g.
movements to empower individuals (v.)
These movements are individual empowerment.
savage/?s?v?d?/
n. 野蠻人，未開化的人
e.g.
He acts like a savage.
heathen/?hi?en/
n. 異教徒
sole/so?l/
adj. 唯一的
e.g.
= only
The sole survivor of the car accident
indolence/??nd?l?ns/
n. 懶散,懶惰 (indolent adj.)
e.g.
= laziness
He was noted for his indolence.
indolent teenagers（adj.）
whitewash/?wa?twɑ??/
v. 粉飾，掩蓋
e.g.
His wife wanted to whitewash his reputation after he died.
This report is a whitewash. (n.)
scrutiny/?skru?t?ni/
n. 仔細(xì)觀察，詳細(xì)審查
e.g.
under scrutiny
Her argument doesn't really stand up to scrutiny.
Their private life came under media scrutiny.
cheat on
對(duì)配偶不忠
a slap in the face
一記耳光
拓展內(nèi)容
印度本土對(duì)甘地的質(zhì)疑
在印度人民黨執(zhí)掌的政府中，對(duì)甘地的批評(píng)聲這幾年越來(lái)越大。人民黨被認(rèn)為具有民族主義傾向，部分政客堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為印度應(yīng)進(jìn)一步推崇印度教，以此凝聚民心。在這股思潮的影響下，有政客稱甘地當(dāng)年“背叛印度教，過(guò)于偏向穆斯林，造成印度分裂”。
印度學(xué)術(shù)界也一直存在“甘地懷疑論”，部分學(xué)者認(rèn)為此前學(xué)界夸大了甘地在民族解放斗爭(zhēng)中的作用。相反，一直信仰并倡導(dǎo)武裝斗爭(zhēng)的印度激進(jìn)獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)家錢德拉·鮑斯在印度獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)中的功績(jī)被掩蓋太久。一名印度大學(xué)教授曾對(duì)《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》記者說(shuō)：“我經(jīng)常在演講中稱自己來(lái)自鮑斯的國(guó)度，而不是甘地的國(guó)家。印度不可能只靠絕食和靜坐就能把英國(guó)人趕跑?！?/p>
印度的年輕人自幼就被教導(dǎo)甘地是國(guó)父，他們認(rèn)為，甘地的斗爭(zhēng)精神值得學(xué)習(xí)，但他倡導(dǎo)的某些理念“已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)”。甘地提倡民眾節(jié)衣縮食，清貧度日，回歸田園生活，這種苦行僧式的生活方式在斗爭(zhēng)年代固然可貴，但對(duì)于這個(gè)高度商業(yè)化和工業(yè)化的社會(huì)已經(jīng)不再適用。印度的年輕人如今更向往現(xiàn)代化的生活，希望以更“入世”的生活方式建設(shè)印度。
