You must be calm and logical.

一定要冷靜，保持清晰的邏輯。

Root causes, like principles, are things that manifest themselves over and over again as the deep- seated reasons behind the actions that cause problems. So you will get many everlasting dividends if you can find them and properly deal with them.

同原則一樣，問題的根本原因是導(dǎo)致問題產(chǎn)生背后反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的深層因素。若能找到根本原因并能妥善解決，你就會(huì)得到源源不斷的回報(bào)。

It is important to distinguish root causes from proximate causes. Proximate causes typically are the actions or lack of actions that lead to problems—e.g., “I missed the train because I didn’t check the train schedule.” So proximate causes are typically described via verbs. Root causes are the deeper reasons behind the proximate cause: “I didn’t check the schedule because I am forgetful”—a root cause. Root causes are typically described with adjectives, usually characteristics about what the person is like that lead them to an action or an inaction.

區(qū)分“根本原因”和“直接原因”很重要。直接原因是導(dǎo)致問題產(chǎn)生的行為或行為缺失。例如：我錯(cuò)過了火車是因?yàn)槲覜]查看列車時(shí)刻表。直接原因一般是由動(dòng)詞描述的；根本原因是直接原因背后的深層次原因。比如，我沒查看列車時(shí)刻表是因?yàn)槲医⊥?。這才是根本原因。根本原因一般是由形容詞描述的，通常是描述一個(gè)人行動(dòng)或不行動(dòng)的性格特點(diǎn)。

Identifying the real root causes of your problems is essential because you can eliminate your problems only by removing their root causes. In other words, you must understand, accept, and successfully deal with reality in order to move toward your goals.

發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的根本原因非常重要，解決根本原因才能進(jìn)而消除問題，換句話說，必只有理解、接受并順利解決這些現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，才能繼續(xù)朝目標(biāo)前行。

Recognizing and learning from one’s mistakes and the mistakes of others who affect outcomes is critical to eliminating problems.

要認(rèn)識(shí)到，從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，以及從對(duì)結(jié)果有影響的人的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，都對(duì)消除問題十分關(guān)鍵。

Many problems are caused by people’s mistakes. But people often find it difficult to identify and accept their own mistakes. Sometimes it’s because they’re blind to them, but more often it’s because ego and shortsightedness make discovering their mistakes and weaknesses painful. Because people are often upset when their mistakes are pointed out to them, most people are reluctant to point out mistakes in others. As a result, an objective diagnosis of problems arising from people’s mistakes is often missing and personal evolution is stunted. (As I mentioned in the last chapter, most learning comes from making mistakes and experiencing the pain of them—e.g., putting your hand on a hot stove—and adapting.) It is at this stage that most people fail to progress.More than anything else, what differentiates peoplewho live up to their potential from those who don’t is a willingness to look at themselves and others objectively.

很多問題源于人們犯錯(cuò)，但人們經(jīng)常很難發(fā)現(xiàn)并接受自己的錯(cuò)誤，有時(shí)是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)之視而不見，但更多時(shí)候是因?yàn)樽载?fù)和缺乏遠(yuǎn)見致使發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤與缺點(diǎn)會(huì)令人感到痛苦。因?yàn)楸划?dāng)面指出錯(cuò)誤，大家往往會(huì)不悅，大多數(shù)人也不愿意當(dāng)著別人的面指出對(duì)方的錯(cuò)誤。從而常常錯(cuò)失對(duì)錯(cuò)誤中出現(xiàn)的問題的客觀診斷，個(gè)人進(jìn)化受阻。我上一章說過，大多數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)源自犯錯(cuò)與經(jīng)歷痛苦，例如，把你的手放火爐上烤，最后就形成對(duì)環(huán)境的適應(yīng)。這個(gè)步驟是大多數(shù)人前功盡棄的地方。能開發(fā)自己潛能的人與別人的不同就在于能否客觀看待自己和他人。

I call the pain that comes from looking at yourself and others objectively “growing pains,” because it is the pain that accompanies personal growth. No pain, no gain. Of course, anyone who really understands that no one is perfect and that these discoveries are essential for personal growth finds that these discoveries elicit “growing pleasures.” But it seems to be in our nature to overly focus on short-term gratification rather than long-term satisfaction—on first-order rather than second- or third-order consequences—so the connection between this behavior and the rewards it brings doesn’t come naturally. However, if you can make this connection, such moments will begin to elicit pleasure rather than pain. It is similar to how exercise eventually becomes pleasurable for people who hardwire the connection between exercise and its benefits.

客觀審視自己或他人帶來的痛苦我稱為“成長的痛苦”，因?yàn)檫@種痛苦是伴隨個(gè)人成長的。一分耕耘一分收獲。當(dāng)有人真正理解世上無完人，對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)個(gè)人成長是至關(guān)重要的，就會(huì)明白這些發(fā)現(xiàn)帶來的“成長的喜悅”。我們的天性使然，似乎更過于關(guān)注短期滿意度，而不關(guān)注長期滿意度，更關(guān)注一級(jí)效應(yīng)，而不考慮二、三級(jí)效應(yīng)。所以行為與回報(bào)之間的聯(lián)系顯得不那么自然，其實(shí)只要你建立這種關(guān)聯(lián)，就能引出愉悅而非痛苦，這好比健身者將運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身益處直接關(guān)聯(lián)，鍛煉最終變成一件樂事。

Remember that:

記住：

Pain + Reflection = Progress

痛苦+反思=進(jìn)步

Much as you might wish this were not so, this is a reality that you should just accept and deal with. There is no getting around the fact that achieving success requires getting at the root causes of all important problems, and people’s mistakes and weaknesses are sometimes the root causes.So to be successful,you must be willing to look at your own behavior and the behavior of others as possible causes of problems.

盡管這可能與你期望的不一樣，但這就是你必須接受和應(yīng)對(duì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)。無法回避的現(xiàn)實(shí)是，想成功，就要找出所有主要問題的根本原因，人們犯的錯(cuò)和缺點(diǎn)有時(shí)就是根本原因。所以要想成功，一定要愿意觀察自身和他人的行為，這些可能是產(chǎn)生問題的原因。

Of course, some problems aren’t caused by people making mistakes. For example, if lightning strikes, it causes problems that have nothing to do with human error. All problems need to be well-diagnosed before you decide what to do about them.

當(dāng)然，有些問題不是因?yàn)槿藗兎稿e(cuò)導(dǎo)致的，例如閃電產(chǎn)生的問題和人為過錯(cuò)無關(guān)，所有問題需仔細(xì)診斷后再?zèng)Q定如何應(yīng)對(duì)。

The most important qualities for successfully diagnosing problems are logic, the ability to see multiple possibilities, and the willingness to touch people’s nerves to overcome the ego barriers that stand in the way of truth.

成功診斷問題所需的主要特質(zhì)包括：邏輯、發(fā)現(xiàn)多重可能性的能力、愿意幫助他人克服追尋真理時(shí)的自我設(shè)障情緒。

For a more detailed explanation of diagnosing problems, please read My Management Principles.

想要了解更多關(guān)于診斷問題的內(nèi)容，可以閱讀第三章，我的管理原則。

In diagnosing problems, how willing are you to “touch the nerve” (i.e., discuss your and others possible mistakes and weaknesses with them)?

診斷問題時(shí)，你敢不敢觸碰敏感問題？（和他們討論自己或他人可能的錯(cuò)誤和缺點(diǎn)）

Are you willing to get at root causes, like what people are like?

你愿意探尋根本原因嗎？比如去了解人們的真實(shí)情況？

Are you good at seeing the patterns and synthesizing them into diagnoses of root causes?

你善于扮演觀察者的角色，并融入到根本原因的診斷中去嗎?

4) Designing the Plan (Determining the Solutions)

4）設(shè)計(jì)方案（決定解決方案）

In some cases, you might go from setting goals to designing the plans that will get you to these goals; while in other cases, you will encounter problems on the way to your goals and have to design your way around them. So design will occur at both stages of the process, though it will occur much more often in figuring out how to get around problems. In other words, most of the movement toward your goals comes from designing how to remove the root causes of your problems. Problems are great because they are very specific impediments, so you know that you will move forward if you can identify and eliminate theirroot causes.

某些情況下，你從目標(biāo)設(shè)定、設(shè)計(jì)解決方案到一步步走向目標(biāo)，但有時(shí)你在通往目標(biāo)的途中遇到了問題，不得不想辦法解決。無論是哪種，都需要方案設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)節(jié)，更多時(shí)候是需要指出如何解決問題。換句話說，通往目標(biāo)的路上，我們做的無非是按照設(shè)計(jì)，消除產(chǎn)生問題的根本原因。問題是很棒的東西，因?yàn)閱栴}是非常具體的障礙物。一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并解決了，就能朝前邁進(jìn)。

Creating a design is like writing a movie script in that you visualize who will do what through time in order to achieve the goal.

方案設(shè)計(jì)和寫電影劇本一樣，形象化地描述在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)為實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)需要做哪些事。

Visualize the goal or problem standing in your way, and then visualize practical solutions. When designing solutions, the objective is to change how you do things so that problems don’t recur—or recur so often. Think about each problem individually, and as the product of root causes—like the outcomes produced by a machine. Then think about how the machine should be changed to produce good outcomes rather than bad ones. There are typically many paths toward achieving your goals, and you need to find only one of them that works, so it’s almost always doable.

把設(shè)定的目標(biāo)或阻礙目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)的問題都形象化，再提供形象的實(shí)際解決辦法。設(shè)計(jì)解決方案時(shí)，目的是改變你做事的方式，防止錯(cuò)誤反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。獨(dú)立地思考每個(gè)問題，把問題視為某個(gè)根本原因的產(chǎn)出物，就像一臺(tái)“機(jī)器”帶來的結(jié)果一樣。然后再想想怎樣改進(jìn)機(jī)器，使之生產(chǎn)合格的產(chǎn)品。實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的路徑很多，找出一條行得通，可操作的就好。

But an effective design requires thinking things through and visualizing how things will come together and unfold over time. It’s essential to visualize the story of where you have been (or what you have done) that has led you to where you are now and what will happen sequentially in the future to lead you to your goals. You should visualize this plan through time, like watching a movie that connects your past, present, and future.

有效的方案設(shè)計(jì)需要把問題想透，能形象化描述事情的來源起因和未來發(fā)展方向。關(guān)鍵是要能跟講故事一樣，形象化地描述整個(gè)過程，從你來自何處（或你做過什么），到你現(xiàn)在的情況，以及未來發(fā)展如何，一直到實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。整個(gè)方案要隨著時(shí)間軸日益具體形象化，就像看一部記錄了你過去，現(xiàn)在和未來的電影一樣。

Then write down the plan so you don’t lose sight of it, and include who needs to do what and when. The list of tasks falls out from this story (i.e., the plan), but they are not the same. The story, or plan, is what connects your goals to the tasks. For you to succeed, you must not lose sight of the goals or the story while focusing on the tasks; you must constantly refer back and forth. In My Management Principles (Part 3), you can see one such plan.

然后把設(shè)計(jì)方案寫下來，保證自己能隨時(shí)看到。方案設(shè)計(jì)包括誰要在什么時(shí)候做什么。具體任務(wù)清單是根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)方案設(shè)置的，但任務(wù)和方案又不盡相同，方案設(shè)計(jì)將你的目標(biāo)同具體任務(wù)關(guān)聯(lián)起來。想要成功，在關(guān)注具體任務(wù)的同時(shí) ，就一定不能忽視目標(biāo)或方案。要記得不斷反復(fù)前后查看。在第三章我的管理原則中，你會(huì)看到這樣一個(gè)方案。

When designing your plan, think about the timelines of various interconnected tasks. Sketch them out loosely and then refine them with the specific tasks. This is an iterative process, alternating between sketching out your broad steps (e.g., hire great people) and filling these in with more specific tasks with estimated timelines (e.g., in the next two weeks choose the headhunters to find the great people) that will have implications (e.g., costs, time, etc.). These will lead you to modify your design sketch until the design and tasks work well together. Being as specific as possible (e.g., specifying who will do what and when) allows you to visualize how the design will work at both a big-picture level and in detail. It will also give you and others the to-do lists and target dates that will help direct you.

設(shè)計(jì)方案時(shí)，按時(shí)間次序，思考各種相關(guān)聯(lián)的任務(wù)，在紙上粗略地寫個(gè)大概，再用具體任務(wù)補(bǔ)充完善。這是個(gè)反復(fù)的過程中，粗略描繪宏觀大方向（例如：聘請(qǐng)優(yōu)秀的員工）和往框架內(nèi)填充具體任務(wù)的過程中交替反復(fù)，這些具體的任務(wù)要估算大概時(shí)間（例如：未來兩周內(nèi)選獵頭公司幫忙物色優(yōu)秀人才），還要考慮因此帶來的影響（例如：成本，時(shí)間等）。通過不斷完善，設(shè)計(jì)方案草圖等具體任務(wù)也會(huì)相得益彰充實(shí)起來。盡可能做到具體（例如：明確誰在什么時(shí)候做什么），這樣你的設(shè)計(jì)方案從宏觀布局到細(xì)枝末節(jié)都會(huì)顯得十分形象化。方案里也會(huì)明確任務(wù)清單和任務(wù)完成時(shí)間，為工作指明方向。

Of course, not all plans will accomplish everything you want in the desired time frame. In such cases, it is essential that you look at what won’t be accomplished and ask yourself if the consequences are acceptable or unacceptable. This is where perspective is required, and discussing it with others can be critical. If the plan will not achieve what’s necessary in the required time, so that the consequences have an unacceptably high probability of preventing you from achieving your goal, you have to either think harder (probably with the advice of other believable people) to make the plan do what is required or reduce your goals.

在預(yù)期時(shí)間框架下，并不是所有的計(jì)劃都能完成，關(guān)鍵是關(guān)注無法完成的任務(wù)，問自己這個(gè)結(jié)果是否可以接受。這時(shí)就需要集思廣益了，同他人展開探討至關(guān)重要。如果無法在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成必須完成的任務(wù)，后果極有可能阻礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)最終目標(biāo)，這時(shí)就得絞盡腦汁想想（可能需要其他值得信賴之人的建議）怎么樣調(diào)整方案，使得任務(wù)能夠得以完成，或者你也可以降低目標(biāo)難度。

People successful with this stage have anability to visualizeand apractical understandingof how things really work. Remember, you don’t have to possess all these qualities if you have someone to help you with the ones you are missing.

順利完成這個(gè)步驟，需要具備形象化的能力，能務(wù)實(shí)理解工作實(shí)際情況。記住，如果有人幫你，你不必完全具備這些能力。

How good is your ability to visualize?

你形象化表述能力如何？

How confident are you that your assessment of your ability to visualize is accurate?

你對(duì)自己在形象化表述能力方面的自我評(píng)估有幾分信心？

If you are confident of your self-assessment, why should you be confident (e.g. do have an excellent track record of visualizing and making what you visualized happen, have other believable parties told you that you are good at this)?

如果你對(duì)自我評(píng)估很有信心，請(qǐng)論述自信的原因。是因?yàn)橛羞^往業(yè)績嗎，還是值得信賴之人告訴過你？

Remember: Designing precedes doing!The design will give you your to-do list (i.e., the tasks).

記?。悍桨冈O(shè)計(jì)要在具體行動(dòng)之前！方案設(shè)計(jì)會(huì)列出具體的工作任務(wù)。

5) Doing the Tasks

5）完成任務(wù)

Next, you and the others you need to rely on have to do the tasks that will get you to your goals. Great planners who don’t carry out their plans go nowhere. You need to “push through” to accomplish the goals. This requires the self-discipline to follow the script that is your design.I believe the importance of goodwork habits is vastly underrated.There are lots of books written about good work habits, so I won’tdigress into what I believe is effective. However,it is critical to know each day what you need to doand have the discipline to do it.People with good work habits have to-do lists that are reasonablyprioritized, and they make themselves do what needs to be done. By contrast, people with poor work habits almost randomly react to the stuff that comes at them, or they can’t bring themselves to do the things they need to do but don’t like to do (or are unable to do). There are lots of tools that can help (e.g., thank God for my BlackBerry!)

接下來，你和需要依靠的工作團(tuán)隊(duì)將完成任務(wù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。成功的設(shè)計(jì)者是不會(huì)讓方案落無實(shí)處的，你需要“推動(dòng)”方案的實(shí)施，完成目標(biāo)，這需要大家自覺按照設(shè)計(jì)方案做事，我認(rèn)為很多人都大大低估了良好工作習(xí)慣的重要性。以良好工作習(xí)慣為題材的書籍很多，我認(rèn)為這點(diǎn)對(duì)各種效率很重要，我就不在此贅述了。知道每天需要做什么并具備良好的紀(jì)律來保證這些工作的完成是至關(guān)重要的。工作習(xí)慣好的人，任務(wù)清單是經(jīng)過合理優(yōu)先排序的，他們依此完成必要的任務(wù)。相比而言，工作習(xí)慣差的人幾乎都是胡子眉毛一把抓，來什么就做什么，沒法自覺完成必要任務(wù)，不喜歡做，也不會(huì)做。很多工具能幫到你。（例如：我的黑莓手機(jī)！）

You need to know whether you (and others) are following the plan, so you should establish clear benchmarks. Ideally you should have someone other than yourself objectively measure if you (and others) are doing what you planned. If not, you need to diagnose why and resolve the problem.

你得知道自己與工作團(tuán)隊(duì)是否在按設(shè)計(jì)的方案工作，因此你應(yīng)建立清晰的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。理想情況下，你得找個(gè)人客觀評(píng)價(jià)你的工作是否在按設(shè)計(jì)方案執(zhí)行。如果不是，就得診斷原因，解決問題。

People who are good at this stage can reliably execute a plan. They tend to beself-disciplinedandproactiverather than reactive to the blizzard of daily tasks that can divert them from execution. They are results-oriented: they love to push themselves over the finish line to achieve the goal.If they seethat daily tasks are taking them away from executing the plan (i.e., they identify this problem), they diagnose it and design how they can deal with both the daily tasks and moving forward with the plan.

擅于完成此步驟的人能令人放心地實(shí)施方案，這樣的人很自律，是積極行動(dòng)派**，不會(huì)因日常大量的繁瑣工作影響任務(wù)的落實(shí)，他們以工作結(jié)果為導(dǎo)向：熱愛推動(dòng)自己沖刺前行，突破終點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。

As with the other steps, if you aren’t good at this step, get help. There are many successful, creative people who are good at the other steps but who would have failed because they aren’t good at execution. But they succeeded nonetheless because of great symbiotic relationships with highly reliable task-doers.

和其他步驟一樣，如果你不擅長這一步，請(qǐng)找別人尋求幫助。有很多創(chuàng)造力很強(qiáng)的成功人士擅長其他幾步，但如果在執(zhí)行落實(shí)這步上沒做好，就可能會(huì)失敗。

For a more detailed explanation of doing what you set out to do, please see My Management Principles.

想了解關(guān)于落實(shí)計(jì)劃的詳述內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)閱讀我的管理原則這章。

How good are you at pushing through?

你擅于推動(dòng)自己完成任務(wù)嗎？

How confident are you that your assessment of your ability to push through is accurate?

你對(duì)自己在這方面能力的自我評(píng)估有幾分自信？

The Relationships between These Steps

五大步驟間的聯(lián)系

Designs and tasks have no purpose other than to achieve your goals. Said differently, goals are the sole purpose of designs and tasks. So you mustn’t forget how they’re related. Frequently I see people feel great about doing their tasks while forgetting the goals they were designed to achieve, resulting in the failure to achieve their goals. This doesn’t make any sense, because the only purpose of tasks is to achieve goals. In order to be successful, your goals must be riveted in your mind: they are the things you MUST do. To remember the connections between the tasks and the goals that they are meant to achieve, you just have to ask, “Why?” It is good to connect tasks to goals this way (with the “Why?”), because losing sight of the connections will prevent you from succeeding.

設(shè)計(jì)方案與任務(wù)最主要的目的就是實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。雖然方案和任務(wù)有所不同，但都是為了最終實(shí)現(xiàn)工作目標(biāo)。所以一定不要忘記它們同目標(biāo)之間的聯(lián)系。我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)有人對(duì)自己完成了各項(xiàng)任務(wù)洋洋得意，卻忘了最終的工作目標(biāo)是什么，最終沒能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。這其實(shí)很沒意義，因?yàn)槿蝿?wù)的唯一目的就是實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。要想成功，必須牢記自己的工作目標(biāo)：這些是你必須要做的事情。記住，任務(wù)和目標(biāo)之間的聯(lián)系，完成任務(wù)是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的。其實(shí)你只用問“為什么”就知道他們之間的聯(lián)系了。通過“為什么”將任務(wù)和目標(biāo)聯(lián)系起來很好，因?yàn)楹鲆暳诉@種關(guān)聯(lián)，會(huì)阻礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)成功。

Again, this 5-Step Process is iterative. This means that after completing one of the steps you will probably have acquired relevant information that leads you to modify the other steps.

再次說明，這五大步驟是循環(huán)往復(fù)的，也就意味著當(dāng)你完成一個(gè)步驟后，可能會(huì)獲得有用的信息幫助你改善其他步驟。

If this process is working, goals will change much more slowly than designs, which will change more slowly than tasks. Designs and tasks can be modified or changed often (because you might want to reassess how to achieve the goal), but changing goals frequently is usually a problem because achieving them requires a consistent effort. I often find that people who have problems reaching their goals handle these steps backwards; that is, they stick too rigidly to specified tasks and are not committed enough to achieving their goals (often because they lose sight of them).

如果這個(gè)過程開始運(yùn)作了，對(duì)目標(biāo)的改變遠(yuǎn)慢于設(shè)計(jì)方案的改變，而任務(wù)的改變則快得多。設(shè)計(jì)方案和任務(wù)可以經(jīng)常調(diào)整改變（因?yàn)槟憧赡芟胫匦略u(píng)估實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的方式），但頻繁改變目標(biāo)則通常會(huì)帶來問題，因?yàn)閷?shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)本來就需要貫徹始終的努力。我常發(fā)現(xiàn)，有人在實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的征途上遇到問題，他們反復(fù)退回之前的步驟，對(duì)某些具體任務(wù)過度苛刻，卻沒有花更多精力在實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)上，很多時(shí)候是因?yàn)樗麄兒雎粤四繕?biāo)的存在。

Weaknesses Don’t Matter if You Find Solutions

找到解決方案，有缺點(diǎn)也不要緊

To repeat, the best advice I can give you is to ask yourself what you want, then ask ‘what is true,’ and then ask yourself ‘what should be done about it.’ If you honestly ask and answer these questions you will move much faster towards what you want to get out of life than if you don’t!

再說一遍，我能給你的最好建議就是，問問自己想要什么，“真實(shí)情況是怎樣的？”，“應(yīng)該對(duì)此做些什么？”我相信只要按此步驟，就能更快實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。

Most importantly,ask yourself what is your biggest weakness that stands in the way of what you want.

最重要的是，問你自己，阻礙你成功最大的缺點(diǎn)是什么。

As I mentioned before, everyone has weaknesses. The main difference between unsuccessful and successful people is that unsuccessful people don’t find and address them, and successful people do.

我說過，人人都有缺點(diǎn)，成功人士與平庸之輩的區(qū)別在于他們懂得發(fā)現(xiàn)缺點(diǎn)并采取解決方案。

It is difficult to see one’s own blind spots for two reasons:

發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)人缺點(diǎn)很難主要有兩點(diǎn)原因：

1) Most people don’t go looking for their weaknesses because of “ego barriers”—they find having weaknesses painful because society has taught them that having weaknesses is bad. As I said early on, I believe that we would have a radically more effective and much happier society if we taught the truth, which is that everyone has weaknesses, and knowing about them and how to deal with them is how people learn and succeed.

1) 大多數(shù)人都不去搜尋自身缺點(diǎn)，就是因?yàn)椤白晕以O(shè)障”，社會(huì)大環(huán)境告訴他們，有缺點(diǎn)是不好的，所以會(huì)覺得發(fā)現(xiàn)缺點(diǎn)很痛苦。我早前提過，如果大家都知道這樣一個(gè)真相，即人人都有缺點(diǎn)，人們通過了解缺點(diǎn)，知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)缺點(diǎn)而成長與成功，那我們的社會(huì)將變得更高效幸福。

2) Having a weakness is like missing a sense—if you can’t visualize what it is, it’s hard to perceive not having it.

2）具備缺點(diǎn)就像缺少一種感官——如果你無法形象描述這個(gè)感官是怎樣的，也就很難察覺你在這方面的缺失。

For these two reasons, having people show you what you are missing can be painful, though its essential for your progress. When you encounter that pain, try to remember thatyou can get what you want outof life if you can open-mindedly reflect, with the help of others, on what is standing in your way and then deal with it.

基于這兩點(diǎn)原因，要?jiǎng)e人當(dāng)你面告訴你缺少什么是挺痛苦的，但這是實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)步的重要步驟。遭受痛苦時(shí)，請(qǐng)記?。?b>只要以開放的思維，并在別人的幫助下，對(duì)阻礙成功的東西進(jìn)行反思，找到應(yīng)對(duì)辦法，就能實(shí)現(xiàn)人生夢(mèng)想。

What do you think is the biggest weakness you have that stands in the way of what you want – the one that you repeatedly run into?

在追逐人生目標(biāo)的征途上，你認(rèn)為反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的阻礙你前行的最大缺點(diǎn)是什么？

People who don’t get what they want out of life fail at one or more of the five steps. But being weak atany one of these steps is not a problem if you understand what you are weak at and successfully compensate for that weakness by seeking help. For example, a good goal-setter who is bad at doingtasks might work well with a bad goal-setter who is great at doing tasks—i.e., they will be much more successful working together. It is easy to find out what weaknesses are standing in your way by 1) identifying which steps you are failing at and 2) getting the feedback of people who are successful at doing what you are having problems with.

沒能實(shí)現(xiàn)人生夢(mèng)想的人，一般是因?yàn)闆]能順利完成五大步驟。但是對(duì)這五大步驟都不在行并不是問題，只需了解自己的缺點(diǎn)在哪，然后通過尋求幫助彌補(bǔ)這方面的劣勢(shì)就好。例如，擅于設(shè)置目標(biāo)但不擅長完成任務(wù)的人，可以和擅長完成任務(wù)但不善于設(shè)置目標(biāo)的人進(jìn)行合作。這兩個(gè)人在一起工作，比單獨(dú)工作要成功得多。找到阻礙成功的缺點(diǎn)不難，可以用以下的辦法：1）弄清是哪一個(gè)步驟出了問題；2）從擅長你所不擅長的領(lǐng)域的成功人士那里獲得反饋。

Because I believe that you will achieve your goals if you do these five steps well, it follows that if you are not achieving your goals you can use the 5-Step Process as a diagnostic tool. You would do this by 1) identifying the step(s) that you are failing at; 2) noting the qualities required to succeed at that step; and 3) identifying which of these qualities you are missing.

因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為只要做好這五個(gè)步驟，就能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，若沒能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，也可以把這五步過程當(dāng)作診斷工具。你可以：1）弄清楚在哪一步上失敗的；2）記下需要完成此步驟所需的素質(zhì)；3）弄清楚這些素質(zhì)中，自己缺少哪些?

To repeat, the five steps and the qualities that I believe are required to be good at them are as follows:

再重復(fù)一下，以下是我認(rèn)為五大步驟所需的素質(zhì)：

Which qualities needed do you wish you had more of?

這幾條素質(zhì)中，你最希望提升哪一條？

In a nutshell, my 5-Step process for achieving what you want is:

你對(duì)自己在這方面的能力的自我評(píng)估有幾分？

In a nutshell, my 5-Step process for achieving what you want is:

簡(jiǎn)而言之，我的目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)五步驟如下：

Values→ 1) Goals → 2) Problems → 3) Diagnoses → 4) Designs → 5) Tasks

價(jià)值觀→ 1) 目標(biāo) → 2) 問題 → 3) 診斷 → 4) 設(shè)計(jì) → 5) 任務(wù)

Your values determine what you want, i.e., your goals. In trying to achieve your goals, you will encounter problems that have to be diagnosed. Only after determining the real root causes of these problems can you design a plan to get around them. Once you have a good plan, you have to muster the self-discipline to do what is required to make the plan succeed. Note that this process starts with your values, but it requires that you succeed at all five steps. While these steps require different abilities, you don’t have to be good at all of them. If you aren’t good at all of them (which is true for almost everyone), you need to know what you are bad at and how to compensate for your weaknesses. This requires you to put your ego aside, objectively reflect on your strengths and weaknesses, and seek the help from others.

價(jià)值觀決定你的目標(biāo)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，就會(huì)遇到問題，對(duì)之進(jìn)行診斷。只有找出這些問題的根本原因，才能設(shè)計(jì)方案解決問題。好的方案，還需要自律才能按要求順利完成方案。請(qǐng)注意，這個(gè)過程始于你的價(jià)值觀，但需要你順利完成五個(gè)步驟。每個(gè)步驟要求不同的能力，你不用樣樣具備，這對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說也是事實(shí)，你只需要了解自己不擅長什么，并懂得彌補(bǔ)自己的缺點(diǎn)。這需要你把內(nèi)心的自我情緒放一邊，客觀審視自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并向別人尋求幫助。

As you design and implement your plan to achieve your goals, you may find it helpful to consider that:

設(shè)計(jì)與落實(shí)目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃時(shí)，下面的建議可能有所幫助

Life is like a game where you seek to overcome the obstacles that stand in the way of achieving your goals

人生如一場(chǎng)游戲，要克服阻礙前行的障礙

You get better at this game through practice;

玩這場(chǎng)游戲，多多練習(xí)，熟能生巧

The game consists of a series of choices that have consequences;

這場(chǎng)游戲由一系列會(huì)帶來后果的選擇組成。

You can’t stop the problems and choices from coming at you, so it’s better to learn how to deal with them;

你無法阻擋問題和選擇撲面而來，所以最好還是學(xué)學(xué)怎么去應(yīng)對(duì)它們吧。

You have the freedom to make whatever choices you want, though it’s best to be mindful of their consequences;

你可以隨心所欲做選擇，不過最好要考慮后果。

The pain of problems is a call to find solutions rather than a reason for unhappiness and inaction, so it’s silly, pointless, and harmful to be upset at the problems and choices that come at you (though it’s understandable);

問題的出現(xiàn)會(huì)帶來痛苦，但也會(huì)提醒自己尋找解決問題的辦法。出現(xiàn)問題不能作為沮喪或不作為的理由，要這樣想就太蠢了，也是沒有意義的，消極應(yīng)對(duì)撲面而來的問題與選擇是有害的。

We all evolve at different paces, and it’s up to you to decide the pace at which you want to evolve;

我們進(jìn)化的速度不盡相同，這個(gè)進(jìn)化的速度取決于你自己。

The process goes better if you are as accurate as possible in all respects, including assessing your strengths and weaknesses and adapting to them.

這個(gè)過程進(jìn)展順利與否取決于你是否精準(zhǔn)地把握方方面面，包括評(píng)估自身優(yōu)劣勢(shì)，思考適應(yīng)策略。

The organization Outward Bound has a concept that is helpful in thinking about the optimal pace of personal evolution. They speak of a comfort zone, a stretch zone and a panic zone. It’s best to spend most of your time in the stretch zone.

一家叫“拓展訓(xùn)練”的公司提出過一組概念：舒適區(qū)，伸展區(qū)和恐慌區(qū)。這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)為個(gè)人進(jìn)化的最佳速度提供了思路，所以最好都處在“伸展區(qū)”。