Centos7系統(tǒng)下實(shí)現(xiàn)httpd-2.2的安裝，并分別實(shí)現(xiàn)prefork、worker、event工作方式

一、httpd介紹

  1. httpd是Apache組織的超文本傳輸協(xié)議HTTP服務(wù)器的主程序。它是Apache組織中的一個(gè)頂級(jí)項(xiàng)目。
  2. httpd的運(yùn)行機(jī)制
  • 高度模塊化（Core+Modules）：采用核心模塊+擴(kuò)展模塊的機(jī)制
  • DSO（Dynamic Shared Object）機(jī)制：可以按需動(dòng)態(tài)的裝載模塊來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的功能
  • 采用MPM(Multipath Processing Moules):使用多路處理模塊，有三種工作模型
    • prefork模型：是兩級(jí)進(jìn)程模型，由父進(jìn)程負(fù)責(zé)生成和管理多個(gè)子進(jìn)程，每個(gè)子進(jìn)程負(fù)責(zé)響應(yīng)一個(gè)用戶的請(qǐng)求。
    • worker模型：是三級(jí)進(jìn)程模型，由父進(jìn)程生成和管理多個(gè)子進(jìn)程，每個(gè)子進(jìn)程又生成多個(gè)線程，由每一個(gè)線程來(lái)響應(yīng)一個(gè)用戶的請(qǐng)求。
    • event模型：是二級(jí)進(jìn)程模型，由父進(jìn)程生成和管理多個(gè)子進(jìn)程，每個(gè)子進(jìn)程又通過(guò)事務(wù)(event-driven)機(jī)制直接響應(yīng)多個(gè)用戶請(qǐng)求。

二、CentOS7下安裝httpd-2.2

CentOS7中yum源默認(rèn)安裝的是httpd-2.4版本。而這里用httpd-2.2版本來(lái)編譯安裝。

1.Centos7編譯httpd-2.2，默認(rèn)以perfork方式工作
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++  #安裝編譯器和編譯環(huán)境
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz #解壓并展開(kāi)文檔
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.2.32
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]#  ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache
#編譯此文檔，默認(rèn)是以perfork方式工作
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make && make install
#編譯無(wú)問(wèn)題后安裝
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# cd /sw/pkg/apache/
[root@localhost apache]# ls
bin  build  cgi-bin  conf  error  htdocs  icons  include  lib  logs  man  manual  modules

[root@localhost apache]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=/sw/pkg/apache/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost apache]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
#把httpd的命令添加到系統(tǒng)環(huán)境中

[root@localhost apache]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[unit]
Description=httpd
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl restart
ExecStop=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#配置httpd的unit

[root@localhost apache]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost apache]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost apache]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      26292  0.0  0.3  27820  1676 ?        Ss   10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26293  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26294  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26295  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26296  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26297  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root      26299  0.0  0.1 112704   964 pts/0    S+   10:16   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd

[root@localhost apache]# httpd -M | grep mpm
Syntax OK
 mpm_prefork_module (static)
圖片.png
2.Centos7重新編譯http2.2，實(shí)現(xiàn)worker工作方式
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.2.32
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache --with-mpm=worker
#只在此命令末尾添加指定worker工作方式，其他安裝過(guò)程和prefork一樣
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make && make install

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=/sw/pkg/apache/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[unit]
Description=httpd
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl restart
ExecStop=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      26404  0.0  0.3  28028  1796 ?        Ss   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26405  0.0  0.2  27760  1232 ?        S    10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26406  0.0  0.3 316992  1544 ?        Sl   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26407  0.0  0.3 316992  1544 ?        Sl   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26408  0.0  0.3 316992  1544 ?        Sl   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root      26491  0.0  0.1 112704   964 pts/0    S+   10:56   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# httpd -M | grep mpm
Syntax OK
 mpm_worker_module (static)
圖片.png
3.Centos7編譯httpd-2.2以event方式工作，2.2中此方式還在試驗(yàn)階段
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl stop httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# rm -rf /sw

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make clean
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache --with-mpm=event
#末尾添加指定event工作方式，之后安裝過(guò)程和其他工作方式一樣
......
============================================================
    WARNING: THE 'event' MPM IS EXPERIMENTAL
============================================================
 The selected MPM might not be fully functional!

 Development of this MPM is not complete. Do not use this
 MPM unless you are a programmer willing to help fix it.

 If you are looking for a stable server, you should not use
 the 'event' MPM until it is moved out of experimental.
============================================================
#警告：在http-2.2中，event工作方式還在試驗(yàn)開(kāi)發(fā)階段，不能應(yīng)用到生產(chǎn)中

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make && make install
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      59800  0.0  0.3  28028  1888 ?        Ss   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59801  0.0  0.2  27760  1240 ?        S    11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59802  0.0  0.3 316992  1548 ?        Sl   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59803  0.0  0.3 316992  1548 ?        Sl   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59804  0.0  0.3 316992  1548 ?        Sl   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root      59887  0.0  0.1 112704   960 pts/0    S+   11:17   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# httpd -M | grep mpm
Syntax OK
 mpm_event_module (static)
圖片.png
補(bǔ)充：
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# httpd -M | grep mpm
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
#使用命令時(shí)，出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤提示

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# vim /sw/pkg/apache/conf/httpd.conf 
ServerName localhost:80  
#在配置中添加這行即可解決

參考文檔：http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/Apache2.2_chinese_manual/install.html

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