Words and Expressions

1. sprout

New varieties sprout overnight,

【義】v. ① to produce new leaves; to start to grow

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ② to appear, to develop sth?

? ? ? ? ?? n. 苗，新芽

【記】 spr(spring)+out(出)? 春天來(lái)了，嫩芽長(zhǎng)出來(lái)了

2. in direct ratio to?

Writing improves in direct ratio to the number of things we can keep out of it that shouldn't be there.

【義】 和……成正比

【例】Your gain in direct ratio to you pay.

3. debase

thereby,debasing both language and friendship.

【義】v. to make sb/sth less valuable or respected

【例】debase the value of the dollar 使美元貶值

4. laborious?

Cultter is the laborious phrase that hs pushed out the short word that means the same thing.

【義】adj. taking a lot of time and effort

? ? ? ? ? 在這里的 laborious phrase 的意思是生硬的，佶屈聱牙的短語(yǔ)。

? ? ? ? ? a laborious excuse 牽強(qiáng)的借口

5. put on airs

The reader will notice if you are putting on airs.

【義】behave in a way which shows that you feel you are importan 擺架子，裝腔作勢(shì)

【例】The nice thing about her is that, in spite of being so rich, she doesn't put on any airs.

6. solid weight of authority

You think that it must have the solid weight of authority.

形容一個(gè)人很有權(quán)威，很形象。

Skills

1.檢查有沒(méi)有冗余可以從這幾方面入手：

?? ①u(mài)nnecessary preposition

?? ②the adverb that carries the same meaning as the verb

?? ③the adjective that states a known fact

?? ④repeted sentence

? ? 每個(gè)人的習(xí)慣不一樣，容易冗余的的地方也不一樣，要多審查自己，和他人互評(píng)。

2. If you aren't allowed to use "i ", at least think "i" while you write, or write the first draft in the first person and then take the " i"s out. it will warm uo your impersonal style.

My Thinking

1.平時(shí)，為了表達(dá)的多樣性，在一篇文章中，常常將“now”, "at present time", "presently" 交換使用。這種做法和作者所講的 "the long word that's no better the short word" 有矛盾嗎？

2. “At the prestent time we are experiencing precipitation.” 這里好好笑。在寫(xiě)作時(shí)，你也要避免這樣的錯(cuò)誤。

? ??