酶如何降解塑料？
The biocatalytic degradation of plastics by enzymes is a promising future recycling method for solving one of the most urgent environmental problems worldwide the flood of plastic waste.? 酶催化降解塑料是解決塑料垃圾泛濫這一世界范圍內(nèi)最緊迫的環(huán)境問題的一種有前景的回收方法
polyester polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ?is one of the most common plastics and is mainly used in the packaging industry and as textile fiber?
PET是最常見的塑料之一，主要用于包裝工業(yè)和紡織纖維
polyester hydrolases?catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of the ester groups in PET
聚酯纖維水解酶催化PET中酯基的水解裂解
文獻(xiàn)支持：
Microbial polyester hydrolases can enable a completedepolymerization of lc PET into its monomers TPA and EG that can be reused for the synthesis of virgin PET. Recycled TPA can also be employed for thesynthesis of products with significantly added value suchas metal-organic frameworks (MOF) .Enzymatically recycled PET monomers may alsobecome substrates for Pseudomonas putidacell facto-ries to produce biodegradable, value-added bioplasticssuch as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).
微生物聚酯水解酶可以使lc PET完全解聚為其單體TPA和EG，可重復(fù)用于合成原始PET?；厥盏腡PA還可以用于合成具有顯著附加值的產(chǎn)品，如金屬有機(jī)框架(MOF)。酶回收的PET單體也可以成為假單胞菌工廠生產(chǎn)生物可降解、增值生物塑料，如聚羥基烷酸酯(PHA)。
已報(bào)道的可以導(dǎo)致PET材料重量明顯減少的微生物聚酯水解酶列表如下：
The discoveryand engineering of novel polyester hydrolases exhibiting specific catalytic properties towards high crystalline and bottle-grade PET materials therefore remain key challenges. This can be achieved by applying microbial biotechnology methodologies for identifying novel enzymes from the environment exploiting microbial biodiversity and by generating powerful variants by protein engineering using rational design and enzyme evolutionstrategies
因此，對(duì)高結(jié)晶和瓶級(jí)PET材料表現(xiàn)出特殊催化性能的新型聚酯水解酶的發(fā)現(xiàn)和改良工程仍然是關(guān)鍵的挑戰(zhàn)。這可以通過應(yīng)用微生物生物技術(shù)方法從環(huán)境中識(shí)別新酶，利用微生物生物多樣性，并通過使用合理設(shè)計(jì)和蛋白工程來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
