一、 ? ? ?Android分發(fā)機(jī)制概述:
Android如此受歡迎,就在于其優(yōu)秀的交互性,這其中,Android優(yōu)秀的事件分發(fā)機(jī)制功不可沒。那么,作為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的程序員,要想做一個(gè)具有良好交互性的應(yīng)用,必須透徹理解Android的事件分發(fā)機(jī)制。
要想充分理解android的分發(fā)機(jī)制,需要先對(duì)以下幾個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)有所了解:
① ? View和ViewGroup什么?
② ? 事件
③ ? View 事件的分發(fā)機(jī)制
④ ? ViewGroup事件的分發(fā)機(jī)制
下面,就讓我們沿著大致方針,開始事件分發(fā)的探究之旅吧……
二、 ? ? ?View和ViewGroup:
Android的UI界面是由View和ViewGroup及其派生類組合而成的。其中,View是所有UI組件的基類,而ViewGroup是容納這些組件的容器,其本身也是從View派生出來(lái)的,也就是說(shuō)ViewGroup的父類就是View。
```
android.view.View
?android.view.ViewGroup
```
我們知道Button、ImageView、TextView等控件繼承View來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
RelativeLayout、LinearLayout、FrameLayout等布局都是繼承父類ViewGroup來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
事件:
當(dāng)手指觸摸到View或ViewGroup派生的控件后,將會(huì)觸發(fā)一系列的觸發(fā)響應(yīng)事件。
onTouchEvent、onClick、onLongClick等。
每個(gè)View都有自己處理事件的回調(diào)方法,開發(fā)人員只需要重寫這些回調(diào)方法,就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)需要的響應(yīng)事件。
而事件通常重要的有如下三種:
MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN ?按下View,是所有事件的開始
MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE ? 滑動(dòng)事件
MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ? ? ? 與down對(duì)應(yīng),表示離開屏幕
事件的響應(yīng)原理:
在android開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)模式中,最廣泛應(yīng)用的就是監(jiān)聽、回調(diào),進(jìn)而形成了事件響應(yīng)的過程。
以Button的OnClick為例,因?yàn)锽utton也是一個(gè)View,所以它也擁有View父類的方法。
View中源碼如下:
```
/**定義接口成員變量*/
protected OnClickListener mOnClickListener;
public interface OnClickListener {
? ? void onClick(View v);
}
public void setOnClickListener(OnClickListener l) {
? ? if (!isClickable()) {
? ? ? ? setClickable(true);
? ? }
? ? mOnClickListener = l;
}
public boolean performClick() {
? ? sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
? ? if (mOnClickListener != null) {
? ? ? ? playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
? ? ? ? mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
? ? ? ? return true;
? ? }
? ? return false;
}
/**觸摸屏幕后,實(shí)現(xiàn)并調(diào)用的方法*/
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
…..
? ? if (mPerformClick == null) {
? ? ? ? mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
? ? }
? ? if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
? ? ? ? performClick();
? ? }
…..
}
```
以上是View源碼中關(guān)鍵代碼行,以Button為例,假設(shè)在一個(gè)布局控件上添加一個(gè)按鈕,并實(shí)現(xiàn)它的OnClick事件,需要如下步驟:
1、 ? ? ? ? OnClickListener類是一個(gè)當(dāng)控件被點(diǎn)擊后進(jìn)行回調(diào)的一個(gè)接口,它完成被點(diǎn)擊后的回調(diào)通知。
2、 ? ? ? ? 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)按鈕Button,并設(shè)置監(jiān)聽事件,對(duì)這個(gè)Button進(jìn)行setOnClickListener操作
3、 ? ? ? ? 當(dāng)手指觸摸到Button按鈕,通過一系列方法(之后將會(huì)詳細(xì)講解,這里暫時(shí)忽略),觸發(fā)并執(zhí)行到onTouchEvent方法
調(diào)用mPerformClick方法,
在mPerformClick方法中 {
判斷注冊(cè)的mOnClickListener是否為空 {
若不為空,它就會(huì)回調(diào)之前注冊(cè)的onClick方法,進(jìn)而執(zhí)行用戶自定義代碼。
}
事件響應(yīng)機(jī)制,簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)上面的例子就已經(jīng)基本上詮釋了
注冊(cè)一個(gè)監(jiān)聽對(duì)象
實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)聽對(duì)象的監(jiān)聽事件
當(dāng)某一觸發(fā)事件到來(lái),在觸發(fā)事件中通過注冊(cè)過的監(jiān)聽對(duì)象,回調(diào)注冊(cè)對(duì)象的響應(yīng)事件,來(lái)完成用戶自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)。
但凡明白了這一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的事件響應(yīng)的過程,就離事件驅(qū)動(dòng)開發(fā)整個(gè)過程就不遠(yuǎn)了,大道至簡(jiǎn),請(qǐng)完全理解了這個(gè)例子,再繼續(xù)之后的學(xué)習(xí),事半功倍。
三、 ? ? ?View事件的分發(fā)機(jī)制:
通過上面的例子,我們初步的接觸了View的事件分發(fā)機(jī)制,再進(jìn)一步了解。首先,我們要熟悉dispatchTouchEvent (MotionEvent event)
onTouchEvent (MotionEvent event)
兩個(gè)函數(shù),這兩個(gè)函數(shù)都是View的函數(shù),要理解View事件的分發(fā)機(jī)制,只要清楚這兩個(gè)函數(shù)就基本上清楚了。
在這里先提醒一句,這里的“分發(fā)”是指一個(gè)觸摸或點(diǎn)擊的事件發(fā)生,分發(fā)給當(dāng)前觸摸控件所監(jiān)聽的事件(如OnClick、onTouch等),進(jìn)而來(lái)決定是控件的哪個(gè)函數(shù)來(lái)響應(yīng)此次事件。
dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event):
此函數(shù)負(fù)責(zé)事件的分發(fā),你只需要記住當(dāng)觸摸一個(gè)View控件,首先會(huì)調(diào)用這個(gè)函數(shù)就行,在這個(gè)函數(shù)體里決定將事件分發(fā)給誰(shuí)來(lái)處理。
onTouchEvent (MotionEvent event):
此函數(shù)負(fù)責(zé)執(zhí)行事件的處理,負(fù)責(zé)處理事件,主要處理
MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN、
MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE 、
MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
這三個(gè)事件。
public boolean onTouchEvent (MotionEvent event)
參數(shù)event為手機(jī)屏幕觸摸事件封裝類的對(duì)象,其中封裝了該事件的所有信息,例如觸摸的位置、觸摸的類型以及觸摸的時(shí)間等。
該對(duì)象會(huì)在用戶觸摸手機(jī)屏幕時(shí)被創(chuàng)建。
那么它是如何執(zhí)行這個(gè)流程的呢?我們還以布局上的按鈕為例,看看它是如何實(shí)現(xiàn)的。(看圖①)
圖①
我們知道,View做為所有控件的父類,它本身定義了很多接口來(lái)監(jiān)聽觸摸在View上的事件,如OnClickListener(點(diǎn)擊)、
OnLongClickListener(長(zhǎng)按)、
OnTouchListener(觸摸監(jiān)聽)等,那么當(dāng)手指觸摸到View時(shí)候,該響應(yīng)“點(diǎn)擊”還是”觸摸”呢,就是根據(jù)
dispatchTouchEvent
onTouchEvent
這兩個(gè)函數(shù)組合實(shí)現(xiàn)的,我們接下來(lái)的討論,僅對(duì)常用的“點(diǎn)擊OnClick”和“觸摸onTouch”,順藤摸瓜,找出主線,進(jìn)而搞清楚View的事件分發(fā)機(jī)制。
對(duì)于上面的按鈕,點(diǎn)擊它一下,我們期望2種結(jié)果,
第一種:它響應(yīng)一個(gè)點(diǎn)擊事件。
第二種:不響應(yīng)點(diǎn)擊事件。
第一種源碼:
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener ,OnTouchListener{
private Button btnButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
btnButton.setOnClickListener(this);
btnButton.setOnTouchListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn:
Log.e("View", "onClick===========>");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e("View", "onTouch..................................");
return false;
}
}
(圖②)
第二種源碼:
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener ,OnTouchListener{
private Button btnButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
btnButton.setOnClickListener(this);
btnButton.setOnTouchListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn:
Log.e("View", "onClick===========>");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e("View", "onTouch..................................");
return true;
}
}
(圖③)
結(jié)果分析:
上面兩處代碼,第一種執(zhí)行了OnClick函數(shù)和OnTouch函數(shù),第二種執(zhí)行了OnTouch函數(shù),并沒有執(zhí)行OnClick函數(shù),而且對(duì)兩處代碼進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)只有在onTouch處返回值true和false不同。當(dāng)onTouch返回false,onClick被執(zhí)行了,返回true,onClick未被執(zhí)行。
為什么會(huì)這樣呢?我們只有深入源碼才能分析出來(lái)。
前面提到,觸摸一個(gè)View就會(huì)執(zhí)行dispatchTouchEvent方法去“分發(fā)”事件, ?既然觸摸的是按鈕Button,那么我們就查看Button的源碼,尋找dispatchTouchEvent方法,Button源碼中沒有dispatchTouchEvent方法,但知道Button繼承自TextView,尋找TextView,發(fā)現(xiàn)它也沒有dispatchTouchEvent方法,繼續(xù)查找TextView的父類View,發(fā)現(xiàn)View有dispatchTouchEvent方法,那我們就分析dispatchTouchEvent方法。
主要代碼如下:
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
return true;
}
if (onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
分析:
先來(lái)看dispatchTouchEvent函數(shù)返回值,如果返回true,表明事件被處理了,反之,表明事件未被處理。
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event))這個(gè)是事件安全過濾,與主題無(wú)關(guān),繼續(xù)看。
if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
return true;
}
這個(gè)判定很重要,mOnTouchListener != null,判斷該控件是否注冊(cè)了OnTouchListener對(duì)象的監(jiān)聽,(mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED,判斷當(dāng)前的控件是否能被點(diǎn)擊(比如Button默認(rèn)可以點(diǎn)擊,ImageView默認(rèn)不許點(diǎn)擊,看到這里就了然了),mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)這個(gè)是關(guān)鍵,這個(gè)調(diào)用,就是回調(diào)你注冊(cè)在這個(gè)View上的mOnTouchListener對(duì)象的onTouch方法,如果你在onTouch方法里返回false,那么這個(gè)判斷語(yǔ)句就跳出,去執(zhí)行下面的程序,否則,當(dāng)前2個(gè)都返回了true,自定義onTouch方法也返回true,條件成立,就直接返回了,不再執(zhí)行下面的程序。接下來(lái),if (onTouchEvent(event)) 這個(gè)判斷很重要,能否回調(diào)OnClickListener接口的onClick函數(shù),關(guān)鍵在于此,可以肯定的是,如果上面if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event))返回true,那么就不會(huì)執(zhí)行并回調(diào)OnClickListener接口的onClick函數(shù)。
接下來(lái),我們看onTouchEvent這個(gè)函數(shù),看它是如何響應(yīng)點(diǎn)擊事件的。
主要代碼如下:
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
}
// A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
// events, it just doesn't respond to them.
return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE));
}
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. ?Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
checkForLongClick(0);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
removeTapCallback();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
final int x = (int) event.getX();
final int y = (int) event.getY();
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
removeTapCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeLongPressCallback();
// Need to switch from pressed to not pressed
mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
}
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
public boolean performClick() {
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
if (mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
return true;
}
return false;
}
代碼量太大了,不過不要緊,我們通過主要代碼分析一下。
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//控件不能被點(diǎn)擊
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
…
}
//委托代理別的View去實(shí)現(xiàn)
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
//控件能夠點(diǎn)擊或者長(zhǎng)按
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
//抬起事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
…...
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
//這里就是去執(zhí)行回調(diào)注冊(cè)的onClick函數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)擊
performClick();
}
}
……
break;
//按下事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
……
break;
……
//移動(dòng)事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
……
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
從上面主要代碼可以看出onTouchEvent傳參MotionEvent類型,它封裝了觸摸的活動(dòng)事件,其中就有MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN、MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE、MotionEvent.ACTION_UP三個(gè)事件。我們?cè)賮?lái)看看onTouchEvent的返回值,因?yàn)閛nTouchEvent是在dispatchTouchEvent事件分發(fā)處理中調(diào)用的,
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
……
if (onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
return fasle;
}
如果onTouchEvent返回true,dispatchTouchEvent就返回true,表明事件被處理了,反之,事件未被處理。
程序的關(guān)鍵在 ?if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE))的判斷里,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)無(wú)論switch的分支在什么地方跳出,返回都是true。這就表明,無(wú)論是三個(gè)事件中的哪一個(gè),都會(huì)返回true。
參照下圖,結(jié)合上述,不難理解View的分發(fā)機(jī)制了。
(圖④)
四、 ? ? ?ViewGroup事件分發(fā)機(jī)制:
ViewGroup事件分發(fā)機(jī)制較View的稍微復(fù)雜一些,不過對(duì)View的機(jī)制只要精確的理解后,仔細(xì)看過這一節(jié),睡幾覺起來(lái),估計(jì)也就悟出來(lái)了,學(xué)習(xí)就是這么奇怪,當(dāng)下理解不了或模糊的地方,只要腦子有印象,忽然一夜好像就懂了。
先來(lái)看下面的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單布局,我們將通過例子,了解ViewGroup+View的android事件處理機(jī)制。
(圖⑤)
上圖由:黑色為線性布局LinearLayout,紫色為相對(duì)布局RelativeLayout,按鈕Button三部分組成。RelativeLayout為L(zhǎng)inearLayout的子布局,Button為RelativeLayout的子布局。以下RelativeLayout簡(jiǎn)稱(R),LinearLayout簡(jiǎn)稱(L),Button簡(jiǎn)稱(B)。
經(jīng)過前面講解,我們首先知道這樣兩件事情。
1、(R)和(L)的父類是ViewGroup,(B)的父類是View。
2、dispatchTouchEvent這個(gè)函數(shù)很重要,不論是ViewGroup還是View,都由它來(lái)處理事件的消費(fèi)和傳遞。
下面,我們通過橫向和縱向兩個(gè)維度,通過源碼和圖解的方式,充分理解事件的傳遞機(jī)制。
先來(lái)看整體的事件傳遞過程:
(圖⑥)
當(dāng)手指點(diǎn)擊按鈕B時(shí),事件傳遞的順序是從底向上傳遞的,也就是按照L->R->B的順序由下往上逐層傳遞,響應(yīng)正好相反,是自上而下。
L首先接收到點(diǎn)擊事件,L的父類是ViewGroup類,并將事件傳遞給dispatchTouchEvent方法,dispatchTouchEvent函數(shù)中判斷該控件L是否重載了onInterceptTouchEvent方法進(jìn)行事件攔截,onInterceptTouchEvent默認(rèn)返回false不攔截,那么dispatchTouchEvent方法將事件傳遞給R去處理(進(jìn)入第2流程處理),如果返回true表示當(dāng)前L控件攔截了事件向其它控件的傳遞,交給它自己父類View的dispatchTouchEvent去處理,在父方法的dispatchTouchEvent中,將會(huì)按照前面講的View的事件處理機(jī)制去判斷,比如判斷L是否重載了onTouch方法,是否可點(diǎn)擊,是否做了監(jiān)聽等事件。
R也是ViewGroup的子類,因此與第1流程基本相似,如果onInterceptTouchEvent返回了false,表示事件將不攔截繼續(xù)傳遞給B。
B是View的子類,它沒有onInterceptTouchEvent方法,直接交給自己父類View的dispatchTouchEvent去處理,流程同不再敷述。
總結(jié):
onInterceptTouchEvent只有ViewGroup才有,當(dāng)一個(gè)控件是繼承自ViewGroup而來(lái)的,那么它就可能會(huì)有子控件,因此,才有可能傳遞給子控件,而繼承自View的控件,不會(huì)有子控件,也就沒有onInterceptTouchEvent函數(shù)了。
通過dispatchTouchEvent分發(fā)的控件返回值True和false,表示當(dāng)前控件是否消費(fèi)了傳遞過來(lái)的事件,如果消費(fèi)了,返回True,反之false。消費(fèi)了,就不再繼續(xù)傳遞了,沒有消費(fèi),如果有子控件將繼續(xù)傳遞。
啰嗦點(diǎn),如果想再深層次了解一下,再次從源碼ViewGroup來(lái)分析一個(gè)L控件的事件傳遞過程,請(qǐng)看下圖:
(圖⑦)
結(jié)合上面的圖例,下面列出ViewGroup源碼來(lái)分析一下,我們只需要分析ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent、onInterceptTouchEvent、dispatchTransformedTouchEvent三個(gè)方法即可。
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
}
boolean handled = false;
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
final int action = ev.getAction();
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
// Handle an initial down.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
// The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
// due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}
// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
// Check for cancelation.
final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;
// Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
: TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
// Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
// have become out of sync.
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (childrenCount != 0) {
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final View[] children = mChildren;
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final View child = children[i];
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
continue;
}
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
mLastTouchDownIndex = i;
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
// Dispatch to touch targets.
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
// No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it. ?Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
if (cancelChild) {
if (predecessor == null) {
mFirstTouchTarget = next;
} else {
predecessor.next = next;
}
target.recycle();
target = next;
continue;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}
// Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
if (canceled
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
resetTouchState();
} else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
}
}
if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
}
return handled;
}
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
return false;
}
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;
// Canceling motions is a special case. ?We don't need to perform any transformations
// or filtering. ?The important part is the action, not the contents.
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}
// Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;
// If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
// might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
return false;
}
// If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
// irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
// dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
// Otherwise we need to make a copy.
final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
}
return handled;
}
transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
} else {
transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
}
// Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
}
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
}
// Done.
transformedEvent.recycle();
return handled;
}
代碼量比較大,我們先概述一下各個(gè)函數(shù)的主要作用。
dispatchTouchEvent主要用來(lái)分發(fā)事件,函數(shù)主要作用是來(lái)決定當(dāng)前的事件是交由自己消費(fèi)處理,還是交由子控件處理。
onInterceptTouchEvent主要來(lái)決定當(dāng)前控件是否需要攔截傳遞給子控件,如果返回True表示該控件攔截,并交由自己父類的dispatchTouchEvent處理消費(fèi),如果返回false表示不攔截,允許傳遞給子控件處理。
dispatchTransformedTouchEvent主要根據(jù)傳來(lái)的子控件,決定是自身處理消費(fèi),還是交由子控件處理消費(fèi)。
我們主要來(lái)分析一下dispatchTouchEvent函數(shù):
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
這段代碼,如果當(dāng)前傳遞的事件是Down(按下)或者當(dāng)前觸摸鏈表不為空,那么它調(diào)用onInterceptTouchEvent函數(shù),判斷是否進(jìn)行事件攔截處理,通過返回值來(lái)決定intercepted變量的值。
接下來(lái)if (!canceled && !intercepted){} 這個(gè)括號(hào)內(nèi)的代碼需要注意了,只有當(dāng)intercepted返回值為false的時(shí)候,才滿足這個(gè)條件進(jìn)入代碼段。因此,我們結(jié)合onInterceptTouchEvent源碼,發(fā)現(xiàn)它默認(rèn)值返回的是false,也就說(shuō)如果你不重載onInterceptTouchEvent方法并令其返回True,它一定是返回false,并能夠執(zhí)行花括號(hào)內(nèi)的代碼。
我們分析一下花括號(hào)中的代碼,if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {}判斷當(dāng)前的事件是否是ACTION_DOWN、ACTION_POINTER_DOWN(多點(diǎn)觸摸)、ACTION_HOVER_MOVE(懸停),如果是,執(zhí)行花括號(hào)內(nèi)代碼,
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (childrenCount != 0) {}判斷當(dāng)前控件是否有子控件,如果大于0,執(zhí)行花括號(hào)內(nèi)代碼,
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--)遍歷子控件,
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
判斷當(dāng)前的down、POINTER_DOWN、HOVER_MOVE三個(gè)事件的坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)是否落在了子控件上,如果落在子控件上,
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign))
通過dispatchTransformedTouchEvent傳遞事件,交由子控件判斷是否傳遞或自己消費(fèi)處理。如果dispatchTransformedTouchEvent返回true,表示子控件已消費(fèi)處理,并添加此子控件View到觸摸鏈表,并放置鏈表頭,并結(jié)束遍歷子控件。newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);false表示未處理。
接著分析
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
……
}
mFirstTouchTarget什么時(shí)候?yàn)榭漳兀繌那懊娴拇a可以看到,如果onInterceptTouchEvent返回為false(也就是不攔截),mFirstTouchTarget就為空,直接交給自己父View執(zhí)行dispatchTouchEvent去了。如果mFirstTouchTarget不為空,它就取出觸摸鏈表,逐個(gè)遍歷判斷處理,如果前面比如Down事件處理過了,就不再處理了。