接上

flush

（膚色）健康紅潤的：healthy reddish

富有的：money in abundance

大量的：abundance

沖洗：pour liquid

Fever flushed his cheeks.

a flush of enthusiasm, anger, joy, etc

Give the toilet a flush. 沖一沖馬桶.

fluster使慌亂：put into agitated confusion

Synonyms: DISCOMPOSE, agitate, bother, discombobulate, disquiet, disturb, flurry, perturb, unhinge, upset, faze
Related Words: bewilder, confound, distract, mystify, nonplus, perplex, puzzle; addle, confuse, fuddle, muddle
Antonyms: steady
Synonyms: CONFUSE 2, addle, ball up, befuddle, bewilder, ||bumfuzzle, distract, dizzy, fuddle, muddle

foible（性格上的）小缺點；小毛?。絝ault
We all have our little foibles. 我們?nèi)巳硕加行┬∪秉c.
foil挫敗,阻止（某人）執(zhí)行計畫; 阻撓（計畫等）
He was foiled in his attempt to deceive us/His attempt to deceive us was foiled. 他企圖欺騙我們, 但沒有得逞.

foment助長，煽動
foment discord, ill feeling, civil disorder, etc 引起不和、惡感、內(nèi)亂等.

forbearance
（面對挑釁時的）自制，忍耐＝self-control＝restraint＝patience
show forbearance towards sb 對某人有耐性
exercise forbearance in dealing with people 寬以待人.

forebear
克制, 自制（不做或不說某事物）:
her mother’s gentle and forbearing character 她母親那溫柔而寬容的性格
He could not forbear from expressing his disagreement.他忍不住要表達(dá)不同意見. He forbore to mention/mentioning the matter again. 他克制住自己, 不再提及此事.

forestall預(yù)先阻止，先發(fā)制人
forestall a competitor, a rival, etc 搶在競爭者﹑ 對手之前行動
*I had my objection all prepared, but Stephens forestalled me. 我已做好準(zhǔn)備要提出反對意見, 不料斯蒂芬斯卻搶先了一步.

formidable
adj 可怕的；困難的（難以完成、克服或?qū)Ω兜模?br>不可思議的（引起敬畏、欽佩或驚奇的）

forthright
直率的；直截了當(dāng)?shù)模絪traightforward

founder
建立者：one establishes
完?。篺ail utterly
沉沒：become submerged

fracas爭吵
frail易碎的 虛弱的 fragile
friable易碎的 fragile脆弱的

fraught充滿的 be fraught with filled
fretful易怒的 煩躁的
fringe
-n. 邊緣 margine
-v. 與……接壤 在……邊緣 be adjacent to
fringe theatre 末流劇院
on the fringe(s) of a forest

frivolous

輕率的，輕浮的

無關(guān)緊要的trivial

frothy用輕薄材料制作的
充滿泡沫的，（個性、內(nèi)容）淺薄的，空虛的(frivolous)
frothy beer
a novel written in a frothy style

frowsy
-邋遢的
-難聞的

Synonyms:SLATTERNLY, blowsy, dowdy, draggletailed, slattern, sordid
Related Words: lax, neglectful, negligent, remiss,slack
Antonyms: trim; smart
Synonyms:MALODOROUS**funky**, fusty, musty, noisome, rank, reeking, smelly, stale, stinking
full-bodied
重要的
味道濃烈的
a full-bodied wine; a full-bodied performance of the aria

fulminate
大聲斥責(zé)
thunderously denunciate

fumble笨拙地行動

He fumbled the ball and then dropped it.
fumble in one’s pocket for some coins
She fumbled with her notes and began to speak.
fumble around;fumble for the right thing to say
fumbling around in the darkness

furtive

(a) done secretly and quietly so as not to be noticed 偷偷摸摸的; 鬼鬼祟祟的: a furtive glance 偷偷的一瞥 * furtive movements 詭秘的活動.

(b) (of a person or his behaviour) sly or secretive, suggesting that one is guilty of sth or does not want to be noticed （指人或行為）躲躲閃閃的; 遮遮掩掩的.

題目總結(jié)

innate 天生的，固有的，先天的

Synonyms:congenital, connate, connatural, inborn, indigenous, inherited, native, natural, unacquired

Related Words:constitutional, deep-seated, essential, ingrained, inherent, intrinsic; hereditary; normal, regular, standard, typical

Contrasted Words:accidental, adventitious, fortuitous, incidental; affected, assumed, feigned, simulated; cultivated, fostered, nurtured

Antonyms:acquired

hard-wired?

固定的固有的

蘭登 韋氏的解釋：pertaining to or being an intrinsic and relatively unmodifiable behavior

pattern: Every cricket has a hard-wired pattern of chirps.

indiscernible?

不可識別的，差別不出的

Synonyms:IMPERCEPTIBLE, impalpable, imponderable, inappreciable, insensible, intangible, unapparent, unappreciable, unobservable, unperceivable

Antonyms:discernible, distinguishable

circumscribed

Synonyms:DEFINITE1, determinate, fixed, limited, narrow, precise, restricted

Related Words:bound, bounded, finite; confined, cramped, strait

a life circumscribed by poverty受制於貧窮的一生（窮苦人太悲催，終其一生與貧窮為伍）

pervasive

無處不在的; 遍布的; 充斥各處的:pervasive smell, dust, damp etc

到處都有的氣味﹑ 塵埃﹑ 濕氣等

?*the pervasive mood of ?pessimism 普遍存在的悲觀情緒.

malleable

可塑的；有延展性的；順從的

1 (of metals) that can be beaten or pressed into different shapes easily

（指金屬）可鍛的, 有延展性的. ?

2 (fig 比喻) (of a person, his ideas, etc) easily influenced or?changed （指人、 主意等）易受影響的, 易變的: The young are more malleable than the old.

年輕人比老年人容易受影響.

tax 作為動詞

1impose a tax on (sb/sth); require (sb) to pay tax 對（某人[某事物]）徵稅; 要求（某人）納稅:tax luxuries徵奢侈品稅?

*tax?rich and poor alike 對貧富一律徵稅

?*My income is?taxed at source, ie Tax is deducted from it before it is paid to me. 我的收入已先行扣除了所得稅.

2make heavy demands on (sth); strain 造成（某事物）的重負(fù); 使超過極限:

His?constant requests for help taxed our goodwill.他不斷要求我們幫助他, 過分利用了我們對他的好意.?

*All these questions are beginning to tax my?patience.所有這些問題逐漸使我不勝其煩.

3?pay tax on (sth) 給（某物）納稅; 上稅:

The?car is taxed until July.這輛汽車七月前已上稅.

4(idm 習(xí)語)

tax one's/sb's

brain(s)set sb/oneself a difficult mental task 給某人[自己]安排傷腦筋的工作:

This crossword will really tax your brain.這縱橫字謎真能讓人大傷腦筋.

5(phr v)

tax sb with sth(fml文) accuse sb of sth 指控某人某事:She was taxed with negligence/with

having been negligent.她被指控疏忽職守.taxable?adj?that can be or is liable to be taxed 應(yīng)納稅的; 可能需納稅的:taxable earnings應(yīng)納稅的收入.taxing?adj?tiring or demanding 累人的; 煩人的; 繁重的:a taxing job煩人的工作.

Strain

1.?stretch (sth) tightly by pulling 拉緊, ?緊（某物）:strain a rope (to??breaking-point/until it breaks)把繩子拉緊（直到拉斷）.

2.?make the greatest possible effort; use all one's power, energy, etc (to do sth) 竭力; 用全力（做某事）:wrestlers heaving and straining盡力拼搏的摔交運動員 *strain (one's ears) to hear a conversation聚精會神地聽別人交談 *straining to understand what she

meant努力弄懂她的意思 *strain one's voice to?shout 扯著嗓門叫喊.

3.[Tn] injure or weaken (esp a part of the body) by stretching too much or trying too hard 因過度伸展或用力而損傷（尤指身體某部位）:strain a muscle, one's?heart肌肉﹑ 心肌勞損 *strain one's eyes, eg by reading in a bad light 損害視力（如在微弱光線下閱讀） *strain one's?voice, ie by speaking or singing too long or too loudly 喊啞嗓子（因說話或唱歌時間過長或聲音過大） * (ironic反語)I would welcome some help but don't strain yourself!我倒是盼著有人來幫忙--只是別累壞了你自己!

4.[Tn] (fml fig文, 比喻) force (sth) beyond a limit of what is acceptable 竭力使（某事物）超過極限:strain the credulity of?one's listeners使聽的人難以相信 *strain one's?authority, rights, power, etc, ie go beyond what is allowed or reasonable 濫用權(quán)威﹑ 權(quán)利﹑ 權(quán)力等 *Her prose strains language(ie the meaning of words)to the limits.她的散文在語言運用上已超越了規(guī)范的極限.

5.[Tn] pass (food, etc) through a sieve, cloth, etc when separating solids from liquids 過濾（食物等）:strain the soup,

vegetables過濾湯﹑ 蔬菜 *The tea hasn't been?strained, ie It is full of tea-leaves. 這茶未經(jīng)過濾（未濾去茶葉）.

6.(idm 習(xí)語)

strain after

ef`fects/an ef`fecttry in a forced or unnatural way to make sth seem impressive 勉強地或造作地使某事物顯得了不起.strain at the `leash(infml口) be eager to have the freedom to do what one wants 渴望掙脫束縛:teenagers straining at the leash to escape

parental control極力要擺脫父母控制的青少年.strain every `nerve (to do

sth)try as hard as one can 盡力（做某事）.

7.(phr v)?strain at sth?make a strenuous effort by pulling at sth 用力拉﹑ 拖﹑ 拽﹑ 曳...某物:rowers straining at the oars用力劃槳的劃船手 *dogs straining at the lead用力拖曳牽狗皮帶的狗.strain sth?off (from sth)remove (eg liquid) from solid matter by using a sieve, etc 濾去（液體等）:strain off the water from the cabbage when it?is cooked烹調(diào)洋白菜時把水分濾掉.

strainedadj

1unnatural, forced and artificial; not easy or relaxed 不自然的; 勉強的; 造作的; 緊張的:astrained laugh勉強的笑 *strained relations, ie unpleasanttension between people, groups or countries 緊張的關(guān)系（人際 團(tuán)體或國家之間的）.

2overtired and anxious 過度疲勞和焦慮的; 心力交瘁的:She looked very strained when I?last saw her.我上次看見她時, 她顯得非常憔悴.

strainern(esp in compounds 尤用以構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞) device for straining (strain15) liquids 過濾器; 濾網(wǎng):a `tea-strainer濾茶器.

strain

1.[C, U] (a) condition of being stretched or pulled tightly 拉緊; ?緊; 張緊:The rope broke under the strain. 繩子拉斷了.?

(b) force causing this 拉力; 張力; 引力:calculate the strains and stresses of a bridge計算橋梁的應(yīng)變和應(yīng)力 *What is the breaking strain of this cable?ie How much strain would break it? 這纜索的致斷拉力是多少?

2.(a) [C, U] severe demand on one's mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc 對智力﹑ 體力﹑ 財力﹑ 能力等的嚴(yán)格要求; 負(fù)擔(dān); 壓力:be under severe strain處於極度緊張的狀態(tài) *beginning to feel the strain開始感到有壓力 *the strain of modern life現(xiàn)代生活的壓力 *Paying all the bills is a strain on my resources.支付所有這些費用是我經(jīng)濟上的一大負(fù)擔(dān). *He finds his new job a?real strain.他覺得新的工作的確很緊張. *How do you stand(ie cope with)the strain?你是怎樣克服這種壓力的??

(b) [U] state of anxiety, tension or exhaustion caused by this 因有壓力而產(chǎn)生的焦慮﹑ 緊張或心力交瘁:suffering from

mental/nervous strain精神[神經(jīng)]極度緊張.

3.[C, U] injury to a part of the body caused by twisting a muscle, etc; sprain 勞損; 扭傷:a painful

strain使人疼痛的扭傷 *a groin strain陰部受傷.

bolster 支持

1.defeat (sb) heavily 將（某人）打得大敗:Wales were trounced 5-0 by Poland.威爾士隊讓波蘭隊以5比0打得一敗涂地.

2.(dated舊) punish (sb) severely; thrash 嚴(yán)懲（某人）; 痛打.