本周，我們一起看一篇語(yǔ)法填空，來(lái)自于2017年全國(guó)卷Ⅱ。

原題各位可自行用搜索引擎查找，剔除對(duì)做題無(wú)用的廢話，我們將此題拆分成單句填空，如下：

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ the world.

This included digging up the road, ____63___ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top.

Steam engines ___65__ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers.

the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.

Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways.

This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) .

The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines.

語(yǔ)法填空第一句一般不設(shè)空，一定要認(rèn)真看：In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. 在1863年，世界上第一座地鐵在倫敦開通。

即便有的同學(xué)拿不準(zhǔn)underground passenger railway是啥意思，railway總該認(rèn)識(shí)吧，把它當(dāng)成鐵路也不影響做題。

說(shuō)明文體裁沒變，還是熟悉的配方和味道。

It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ the world. 這句有些長(zhǎng)，一上來(lái)就是兩個(gè)空密集出現(xiàn)，不少同學(xué)略蒙圈。別急，我們縷縷。

不一定要把句子完全看懂才能做對(duì)題，語(yǔ)法填空不是考英譯漢！

第61個(gè)空，terrible是個(gè)形容詞，那么后面再跟其他東西時(shí)，只能跟名詞，crowd當(dāng)動(dòng)詞意思是聚集，當(dāng)名詞時(shí)意思是人群，這個(gè)空在形容詞terrible后，crowd這時(shí)只能是名詞。馬路上的人一般都是三五成群，也就是說(shuō)，人群這個(gè)詞，是有復(fù)數(shù)的。再者，后面as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其中的主語(yǔ)they，指代61空中一群群的人，再次驗(yàn)證本空應(yīng)填crowd的復(fù)數(shù)形式。根據(jù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則，第61個(gè)空答案為crowds.

第62空沒有提示詞，填虛詞，這里有個(gè)省略現(xiàn)象，把狀從補(bǔ)充完整：they travelled to (the world) and (they travelled)___62__ the world，表示行人上下班的來(lái)來(lái)往往，to跟from搭配，天衣無(wú)縫。這就是答案。

第63空，This included digging up the road, ____63___ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. 還是一句兩空，別懵，縷就是了：digging up the road為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，做included的賓語(yǔ)，and then后的building a strong roof跟digging up the road形式功能一致，由此推斷，第63空也應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞ing形式短語(yǔ)，同樣做included的賓語(yǔ)。因此第63空答案為laying.

第64空沒有提示詞，填虛詞，這里特指地鐵的頂部，表特指時(shí)只能填定冠詞the. 因此第64空答案為the.

繼續(xù)。

第65空，Steam engines ___65__ (use) to pull the carriages，看到這里已足夠，主語(yǔ)Steam engines是復(fù)數(shù)，use為動(dòng)詞，緊跟主語(yǔ)，那么它就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞了，Steam engines只能被使用，是復(fù)數(shù)，且根據(jù)文章第一句，本文內(nèi)容為地鐵的修建歷史，本空應(yīng)填一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因此第65空答案為were used.

第66空，it must have been___66__ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, 根據(jù)un是個(gè)單詞前綴，用在形容詞前表否定可知，unpleasant是個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)副詞才能修飾形容詞的規(guī)定，第66空答案為fairly.

第67空，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. 本空沒有提示詞，仍然只能填虛詞，逗號(hào)前半部分主語(yǔ)為the railway，more than 25,000 people為逗號(hào)后句子的主語(yǔ)，were using是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，本句缺賓語(yǔ)且應(yīng)填指代the railway的詞。因此第67空答案為it.

第68空，engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways...本句主語(yǔ)為engineers，是個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，manage緊跟在主語(yǔ)后做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，本文內(nèi)容為地鐵的修建歷史。因此第68空答案為managed.

第69空，This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce)...，空前的定冠詞the提示的很明顯了：本空應(yīng)填introduce的名詞形式，因此第69空答案為introduction.

第70空，The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines，其中one of the后跟形容詞最高級(jí)再加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，構(gòu)成最...的...之一句型，successful是個(gè)多音節(jié)形容詞，最高級(jí)形式為most加原級(jí)。因此第70空答案為successful.

至此，十個(gè)空都已填出。

總結(jié)：本題難度中等，雖然句子略長(zhǎng)，但其實(shí)只是紙老虎，靜下心來(lái)，分析透徹空前空后的“題眼”，同學(xué)們拿到滿分，沒什么問(wèn)題的。