Dower ['da??] ?n.
一、釋義
（14c）At common law a wife's right, upon her husband's death, to a life estate in one-third of the land that he owned in fee. ? ? =dowment; maritagium. ? Cf. Curtesy.
"With few exceptions, the wife could not be deprived of dower by any transfer made by her husband during his lifetime. Although most states have abolished dower, many states retaining the concept have expanded the wife's share to a life estate in all the land that her husband owned in fee."
【英格蘭古法】寡婦地產(chǎn)； ? ?婚姻贈禮：丈夫給予妻子作為婚姻對家的各種贈禮
二、詞組精選
consummate dower ?完全寡婦產(chǎn)
A widow's interest in her deceased husband's estate until that interest is legally assigned to her.
dower ad ostium ecclesiae ? 【英格蘭古法】教堂門前的婚姻贈禮
An endowment of dower made by a man to his wife at the church door or porch, usu. as part of the marriage ceremony.
一種古老的英格蘭婚姻贈與形式。保有自由繼承地產(chǎn)的成年男子在慶?；橐稣脚e行的教堂門前，在簽定婚約和盟誓之后【after affiance made and troth plighted】， 公開將自己保有的地產(chǎn)的全部或部分贈給新娘，并宣布在自己死后，自己的妻子可以無需另外的授予而進占并保有該份土地。
dower by the common law ?普通法上的寡婦地產(chǎn)（權(quán)）17c
The regular dower, consisting of a life interest in one-third of the lands that the husband held in fee.
=dos rationabilis
英國和美國法律所認可的一種普通的寡婦地產(chǎn)權(quán)。據(jù)此，妻子有權(quán)取得其亡夫于婚姻存續(xù)期間的任何時間所保有的自由繼承地產(chǎn)的1/3。在美國，根據(jù)1945年《遺產(chǎn)管理法》此制已被廢除。
dower ex assensu ?patris ?經(jīng)父親同意的贈禮 ?17c
A type of dower ad ostium ecclesia made while the husband's father is alive and consents to the endowment to his son'e wife.
新郎在其父明示同意的情況下將其父親占有的部分自由繼承地產(chǎn)贈與新娘。而且指定了數(shù)量與地塊，即使丈夫死后其父親仍然健在，妻子也可以無需其他授予儀式而直接占有該地產(chǎn)。
election dower ?遺孀遺產(chǎn)選擇權(quán) 1883
A widow's right to take a statutory share of her deceased husband's estate if she choose to reject her share under a will.
指遺孀拒絕其亡夫在遺囑中為她保留的財產(chǎn)份額，而接受法律所規(guī)定的其應(yīng)得財產(chǎn)份額的權(quán)利。
inchoate dower ? 初始寡婦產(chǎn)；亡夫遺產(chǎn)享有權(quán) ?1862
A wife's interest in her husband's estate while both are living.?
= dower inchoate
丈夫生存期間妻子對于他所有的土地所享有的一種將來的權(quán)利。這種權(quán)利在丈夫死后即成為寡婦的繼承遺產(chǎn)權(quán)?！緍ight of dower】。它不是基于合同而是基于法律，且不能由丈夫單方轉(zhuǎn)讓，但妻子若同意放棄，則此權(quán)利可以喪失。
(來源：Black's Law Dictionary，《元照英美法詞典》，《英漢法律用語詞典》）
