使用 Docker + DockerCompose 封裝 web 應(yīng)用

image

這篇文章會介紹如何將后端、前端和網(wǎng)關(guān)通通使用 Docker 容器進(jìn)行運(yùn)行，并最終使用 DockerCompose 進(jìn)行容器編排。

技術(shù)棧

前端

  • React
  • Ant Design

后端

  • Go
  • Iris

網(wǎng)關(guān)

  • Nginx
  • OpenResty
  • Lua
  • 企業(yè)微信

后端構(gòu)建 api

這里雖然我們寫了 EXPOSE 4182，這個(gè)只用在測試的時(shí)候，生產(chǎn)環(huán)境實(shí)際上我們不會將后端接口端口進(jìn)行暴露，
而是通過容器間的網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行互相訪問，以及最終會使用 Nginx 進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。

FROM golang:1.15.5

LABEL maintainer="K8sCat <k8scat@gmail.com>"

EXPOSE 4182

ENV GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct \
    GO111MODULE=on

WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/k8scat/containerized-app/api

COPY . .

RUN go mod download && \
go build -o api main.go && \
chmod +x api

ENTRYPOINT [ "./api" ]

前端構(gòu)建 web

這里值得一提的是，因?yàn)榍岸丝隙〞フ{(diào)用后端接口，而且這個(gè)接口地址是根據(jù)部署而改變，
所以這里我們使用了 ARG 指令進(jìn)行設(shè)置后端的接口地址，
這樣我們只需要在構(gòu)建鏡像的時(shí)候傳入 --build-arg REACT_APP_BASE_URL=https://example.com/api 就可以調(diào)整后端接口地址了，
而不是去改動代碼。

還有一點(diǎn)，有朋友肯定會發(fā)現(xiàn)這里同時(shí)使用到了 Entrypoint 和 CMD，
這是為了可以在運(yùn)行的時(shí)候調(diào)整前端的端口，但實(shí)際上我們這里沒必要去調(diào)整，因?yàn)檫@里最終也是用 Nginx 進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。

FROM node:lts

LABEL maintainer="wanhuasong@ones.ai"

WORKDIR /web

COPY . .

ARG REACT_APP_BASE_URL

RUN npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org && \
npm install && \
npm run build && \
npm install -g serve

ENTRYPOINT [ "serve", "-s", "build" ]
CMD [ "-l", "3214" ]

網(wǎng)關(guān)構(gòu)建 gateway

Nginx 配置

這里我們就分別設(shè)置了后端和前端的上游，然后設(shè)置 location 規(guī)則進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。

這里有幾個(gè)點(diǎn)可以說一下：

  • 通過 set_by_lua 獲取容器的環(huán)境變量，最終在運(yùn)行的時(shí)候通過設(shè)置 environment 設(shè)置這些環(huán)境變量，更加靈活
  • server_name 使用到了 $hostname，運(yùn)行時(shí)需要設(shè)置容器的 hostname
  • ssl_certificate 和 ssl_certificate_key 不能使用變量設(shè)置
  • 加載 gateway.lua 腳本實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)微信的網(wǎng)關(guān)認(rèn)證
upstream web {
    server ca-web:3214;
}

upstream api {
    server ca-api:4182;
}

server {
    set_by_lua $corp_id 'return os.getenv("CORP_ID")';
    set_by_lua $agent_id 'return os.getenv("AGENT_ID")';
    set_by_lua $secret 'return os.getenv("SECRET")';
    set_by_lua $callback_host 'return os.getenv("CALLBACK_HOST")';
    set_by_lua $callback_schema 'return os.getenv("CALLBACK_SCHEMA")';
    set_by_lua $callback_uri 'return os.getenv("CALLBACK_URI")';
    set_by_lua $logout_uri 'return os.getenv("LOGOUT_URI")';
    set_by_lua $token_expires 'return os.getenv("TOKEN_EXPIRES")';
    set_by_lua $use_secure_cookie 'return os.getenv("USE_SECURE_COOKIE")';

    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name $hostname;
    resolver 8.8.8.8;
    ssl_certificate /certs/cert.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /certs/cert.key;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers AESGCM:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    lua_ssl_verify_depth 2;
    lua_ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt;

    if ($time_iso8601 ~ "^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2})") {
        set $year $1;
        set $month $2;
        set $day $3;
    }
    access_log logs/access_$year$month$day.log main;
    error_log logs/error.log;

    access_by_lua_file "/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/gateway.lua";

    location ^~ /gateway {
        root   html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    location ^~ /api {
        proxy_pass http://api;
        proxy_read_timeout 3600;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header X_FORWARDED_PROTO https;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header Connection "";
    }

    location ^~ / {
        proxy_pass http://web;
        proxy_read_timeout 3600;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header X_FORWARDED_PROTO https;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header Connection "";
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root html;
    }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name $hostname;

    location / {
        rewrite ^/(.*) https://$server_name/$1 redirect;
    }
}

Dockerfile

FROM openresty/openresty:1.19.3.1-centos

LABEL maintainer="K8sCat <k8scat@gmail.com>"

COPY gateway.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/gateway.conf
COPY gateway.lua /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/gateway.lua
COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# Install lua-resty-http
RUN /usr/local/openresty/luajit/bin/luarocks install lua-resty-http

Lua 實(shí)現(xiàn)基于企業(yè)微信的網(wǎng)關(guān)認(rèn)證

這里面的一些配置參數(shù)都是通過獲取 Nginx 設(shè)置的變量。

local json = require("cjson")
local http = require("resty.http")

local uri = ngx.var.uri
local uri_args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()
local scheme = ngx.var.scheme

local corp_id = ngx.var.corp_id
local agent_id = ngx.var.agent_id
local secret = ngx.var.secret
local callback_scheme = ngx.var.callback_scheme or scheme
local callback_host = ngx.var.callback_host
local callback_uri = ngx.var.callback_uri
local use_secure_cookie = ngx.var.use_secure_cookie == "true" or false
local callback_url = callback_scheme .. "://" .. callback_host .. callback_uri
local redirect_url = callback_scheme .. "://" .. callback_host .. ngx.var.request_uri
local logout_uri = ngx.var.logout_uri or "/logout"
local token_expires = ngx.var.token_expires or "7200"
token_expires = tonumber(token_expires)

local function request_access_token(code)
    local request = http.new()
    request:set_timeout(7000)
    local res, err = request:request_uri("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken", {
        method = "GET",
        query = {
            corpid = corp_id,
            corpsecret = secret,
        },
        ssl_verify = true,
    })
    if not res then
        return nil, (err or "access token request failed: " .. (err or "unknown reason"))
    end
    if res.status ~= 200 then
        return nil, "received " .. res.status .. " from https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken: " .. res.body
    end
    local data = json.decode(res.body)
    if data["errcode"] ~= 0 then
        return nil, data["errmsg"]
    else
        return data["access_token"]
    end
end

local function request_user(access_token, code)
    local request = http.new()
    request:set_timeout(7000)
    local res, err = request:request_uri("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/getuserinfo", {
        method = "GET",
        query = {
            access_token = access_token,
            code = code,
        },
        ssl_verify = true,
    })
    if not res then
        return nil, "get profile request failed: " .. (err or "unknown reason")
    end
    if res.status ~= 200 then
        return nil, "received " .. res.status .. " from https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/getuserinfo"
    end
    local userinfo = json.decode(res.body)
    if userinfo["errcode"] == 0 then
        if userinfo["UserId"] then
            res, err = request:request_uri("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/get", {
                method = "GET",
                query = {
                    access_token = access_token,
                    userid = userinfo["UserId"],
                },
                ssl_verify = true,
            })
            if not res then
                return nil, "get user request failed: " .. (err or "unknown reason")
            end
            if res.status ~= 200 then
                return nil, "received " .. res.status .. " from https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/get"
            end
            local user = json.decode(res.body)
            if user["errcode"] == 0 then
                return user
            else
                return nil, user["errmsg"]
            end
        else
            return nil, "UserId not exists"
        end
    else
        return nil, userinfo["errmsg"]
    end
end

local function is_authorized()
    local headers = ngx.req.get_headers()
    local expires = tonumber(ngx.var.cookie_OauthExpires) or 0
    local user_id = ngx.unescape_uri(ngx.var.cookie_OauthUserID or "")
    local token = ngx.var.cookie_OauthAccessToken or ""
    if expires == 0 and headers["OauthExpires"] then
        expires = tonumber(headers["OauthExpires"])
    end
    if user_id:len() == 0 and headers["OauthUserID"] then
        user_id = headers["OauthUserID"]
    end
    if token:len() == 0 and headers["OauthAccessToken"] then
        token = headers["OauthAccessToken"]
    end
    local expect_token = callback_host .. user_id .. expires
    if token == expect_token and expires then
        if expires > ngx.time() then
            return true
        else
            return false
        end
    else
        return false
    end
end

local function redirect_to_auth()
    return ngx.redirect("https://open.work.weixin.qq.com/wwopen/sso/qrConnect?" .. ngx.encode_args({
        appid = corp_id,
        agentid = agent_id,
        redirect_uri = callback_url,
        state = redirect_url
    }))
end

local function authorize()
    if uri ~= callback_uri then
        return redirect_to_auth()
    end
    local code = uri_args["code"]
    if not code then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "not received code from https://open.work.weixin.qq.com/wwopen/sso/qrConnect")
        return ngx.exit(ngx.HTTP_FORBIDDEN)
    end

    local access_token, request_access_token_err = request_access_token(code)
    if not access_token then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "got error during access token request: " .. request_access_token_err)
        return ngx.exit(ngx.HTTP_FORBIDDEN)
    end

    local user, request_user_err = request_user(access_token, code)
    if not user then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "got error during profile request: " .. request_user_err)
        return ngx.exit(ngx.HTTP_FORBIDDEN)
    end
    ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "user id: " .. user["userid"])

    local expires = ngx.time() + token_expires
    local cookie_tail = "; version=1; path=/; Max-Age=" .. expires
    if use_secure_cookie then
        cookie_tail = cookie_tail .. "; secure"
    end

    local user_id = user["userid"]
    local user_token = callback_host .. user_id .. expires

    ngx.header["Set-Cookie"] = {
        "OauthUserID=" .. ngx.escape_uri(user_id) .. cookie_tail,
        "OauthAccessToken=" .. ngx.escape_uri(user_token) .. cookie_tail,
        "OauthExpires=" .. expires .. cookie_tail,
    }
    return ngx.redirect(uri_args["state"])
end

local function handle_logout()
    if uri == logout_uri then
        ngx.header["Set-Cookie"] = "OauthAccessToken==deleted; path=/; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"
        --return ngx.redirect("/")
    end
end

handle_logout()
if (not is_authorized()) then
    authorize()
end

使用 DockerCompose 進(jìn)行容器編排

這里需要講幾個(gè)點(diǎn)：

  • 設(shè)置前端的 args 可以在前端構(gòu)建時(shí)傳入后端接口地址
  • 設(shè)置網(wǎng)關(guān)的 hostname 可以設(shè)置網(wǎng)關(guān)容器的 hostname
  • 設(shè)置網(wǎng)關(guān)的 environment 可以傳入相關(guān)配置
  • 最終運(yùn)行時(shí)只有網(wǎng)關(guān)層進(jìn)行暴露端口
version: "3.8"

services:
  api:
    build: ./api
    image: ca-api:latest
    container_name: ca-api

  web:
    build:
      context: ./web
      args:
        REACT_APP_BASE_URL: https://example.com/api
    image: ca-web:latest
    container_name: ca-web
    
  gateway:
    build: ./gateway
    image: ca-gateway:latest
    hostname: example.com
    volumes:
      - ./gateway/certs/fullchain.pem:/certs/cert.crt
      - ./gateway/certs/privkey.pem:/certs/cert.key
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
    environment:
      - CORP_ID=
      - AGENT_ID=
      - SECRET=
      - CALLBACK_HOST=example.com
      - CALLBACK_SCHEMA=https
      - CALLBACK_URI=/gateway/oauth_wechat
      - LOGOUT_URI=/gateway/oauth_logout
      - TOKEN_EXPIRES=7200
      - USE_SECURE_COOKIE=true
    container_name: ca-gateway

開源代碼

原文鏈接：https://k8scat.com/posts/containerized-app/

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