Chapter 3 "Clutter"強(qiáng)調(diào)了"Simplicity"。
詞匯&表達(dá)
-Chapter 3-
summon?
1. 傳喚；召見(jiàn)；召喚 +someone = order / ask for
2. 鼓起（勇氣）；振作 + a quality = summon up
you summon the courage or strength to do something? =? you make a great effort to be brave or strong so that you will be able to do it.
eg: Suddenly we were summoned to the interview room.
blunt
V.（情感、感覺(jué)、需求）減弱，使遲鈍。
"He blunts the painful edge of truth." 他弱化了真實(shí)的疼痛感。
相對(duì)應(yīng)的ADJ：（物體）鈍的、不鋒利的
ADJ. 直率的；不客氣的 = say exactly what you think without trying to be polite.
eventuality
N-COUNT 可能發(fā)生的事情，可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果（especially unpleasant or surprising）
eg: Every eventuality is covered, from running out of petrol to needing water.
所有可能發(fā)生的事情都考慮到了……
eventuality與eventual（最終的）沒(méi)有什么必然聯(lián)系。不要搞混了。
intact
ADJ 完整無(wú)缺的；未受損傷的 =complete and has not been damaged or changed
"I wanted to leave the sentence intact for them to analyze." 留下完整的句子給他們分析。
別混了： tact
tact ：N-UNCOUNT （言談舉止的）老練、圓通、得體 = do or say things without offending or upsetting other people
cross out
刪掉（字句），劃掉
cross： V.反對(duì)、拒絕 act against the wishes, plans, or orders of (someone)
throw dust in the eyes of the populace:
1. throw dust in the eyes of?
= to mislead / deceive?
2. the populace
= the general public / the masses （一國(guó)的）平民、百姓、民眾
sprout overnight
如雨后春筍般快速冒出來(lái)
-Chapter 4-
so much for
該說(shuō)的說(shuō)完了；該做的做完了
eg: "So much for early warnings about the bloated monsters that lie in ambush for the writer trying to put together a clean English sentence."
lie in ambush: 埋伏著
bloated monster 指的就是上一章的clutter。
bloated： ADJ 腫脹的
對(duì)想要完成一個(gè)清晰的英文句子的作家給予的有關(guān)文章冗長(zhǎng)的警告，該說(shuō)的已經(jīng)說(shuō)完了。
crept ---creep的過(guò)去形式
creep in / into / back : 不知不覺(jué)地發(fā)生
"Nobody has shown them how much excess or murkiness has crept into their style and how it obstructs what they are trying to say."
organic
"There is no style store; style is organic to the person doing the writing, as much a part of him as his hair, or, if he is bald, his lack of it."
（社群或結(jié)構(gòu)）有機(jī)的，統(tǒng)一的，不可分割的 = [an organic whole] each part of it is necessary and fits well with the other parts.
A is organic to B?
put on airs:?
someone is putting on airs / giving themselves airs = you are criticizing them for behaving as if they are better than other people. 矯揉造作；裝腔作勢(shì)；做作。
plunge in / into:
= to push something into something quickly and forcefully 將……投入；刺進(jìn)
or = start doing something with enthusiasm and energy (= dive in ) 突然開(kāi)始從事
"Yet you vow to be worthy of the task, and, casting about for grand phrases that wouldn't occur to you if you weren't trying so hard to make an impression , you plunge in"
這句話中“plunge in”的意思是：陷入。
"Be grateful for everything you can throw away."
“做減法”很有必要，因?yàn)椤癱lutter is disease”。當(dāng)減去了不必要的表達(dá)的時(shí)候，其實(shí)自己本身是增加了。首先，增加了勇氣。我覺(jué)得對(duì)于一般人來(lái)講（我對(duì)于文章中說(shuō)的政治作用沒(méi)有深刻理解），pompous expression 是想盡可能地展現(xiàn)出自己的實(shí)力，真要留下最簡(jiǎn)單的東西的時(shí)候，大家就會(huì)擔(dān)心這樣會(huì)使自己顯得low……其實(shí)，當(dāng)讀過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單卻不失準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)時(shí)，我們就會(huì)理解其中的玄妙（找不到合適的例子……積累的好少?。?。另外，還增加了才能。如Zinsser所說(shuō)“writing is a craft, not a art”, 在第二章最后，有Zinsser的修改稿樣，花費(fèi)了他不少心血才完成終稿。刪減、替換需要不斷地推敲，要能夠體會(huì)出一個(gè)詞蘊(yùn)含的意思。當(dāng)真正throw away之后，我們確實(shí)需要感激。
