1. Leveling the paying field
* 原為: level playing field which is a?concept?about fairness, not that each player has an equal chance to succeed, but that they all play by the same set of rules.
此處改為playing 改為 paying，意指 “創(chuàng)建公平支付環(huán)境”。
2. spend more than a predetermined amount
* decided or arranged before something happens, so that it does not happen by chance
此句：消費(fèi)超過預(yù)定數(shù)額
3. become overdrawn
* if your bank account is overdrawn, you have spent more money than you have in your account, and so you are in debt to the bank.
此處：消費(fèi)透支
4. nudge them to save more
* gently encourage (someone) to do something
在亞馬遜帝國(guó)一文中的解釋如下：
*approach (an age, figure, or level) very closely
此句：鼓勵(lì)他們多節(jié)省
5. European retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
* without suffering any injury, damage, or harm
* When there is disruption of an event, system, or process, it is prevented from continuing or operating in a normal way.
此句：歐洲零售銀行并未明顯受到技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)擾亂的影響。
6. Financial-technology (“fintech”) companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry.
* organize and initiate (a campaign or other significant course of action)
e.g. mounted takeover bids 發(fā)動(dòng)并購?fù)稑?biāo)活動(dòng)
* easily seen; clearly visible
此句：金融科技公司開始發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，最明顯的當(dāng)屬在線支付行業(yè)。
7. fintech firms conduct over half of online transactions.
* the action or manner of directing or managing an activity or organization
此句：金融科技公司處理半數(shù)以上的在線交易。
8. incumbents have proved so resilient
* the holder of an office especially a public or academic office
此處指代“銀行”一方
* (of a person or animal) able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
此句：銀行恢復(fù)如此之快
9. It is often either cumbersome or insecure for customers to share their own information.
* slow or complicated and therefore inefficient
此句：客戶分享個(gè)人信息要么太過復(fù)雜，要么不夠安全。
10. Regulators, however, are about to transform the landscape.
* make a thorough or dramatic change in the form, appearance, or character of
* the distinctive features of a particular situation or intellectual activity
此句：然而，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)打算徹底改變這一局面。
11. PSD2 aims to kick-start competition.
* PSD2 opens the market to new payment actors and extends the scope of services. In doing so, it increases competition with the aim of making payments more innovative, efficient, swift and secure for consumers.
* to do sth to help a process or project start more quickly
此句：支付服務(wù)指令修訂版旨在盡快促進(jìn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
12. They (payment services) could become more integrated into the internet-browsing experience.
此句：支付服務(wù)可能同互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽合為一體。
13. account data 賬戶數(shù)據(jù)
? ? ? account access 賬戶訪問
14. higher-interest savings accounts 更高利率的儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶
15. budgeting advice 預(yù)算建議
16. rock-bottom interest rates
* a rock-bottom price is as low as it can possibly be
此處：最低利率
17. banks’ lockhold?on payments serves as a handy source of income.
*?
* easy to reach or use; saving work; useful; convenient:
此句：銀行支付的成為收入的便捷來源。
18. they fear becoming the “dumb pipes” of the financial system.
此句：他們害怕成為金融系統(tǒng)中的“無聲管道”。
* 只充當(dāng)中間人的作用，不能影響客戶的消費(fèi)行為。好比客戶使用支付寶或者微信進(jìn)行支付或者轉(zhuǎn)賬，而非銀行卡。
19. insure against losses from fraud
* to arrange for money payment in case of loss, accident, or death:
此處：為防止因騙局遭遇損失而投保
20. They will not be subject to the same capital and stress-testing requirements banks face.
此處做“經(jīng)歷”解釋，而非“屈服”。
此句：他們不用經(jīng)歷銀行要面對(duì)的資本以及壓力測(cè)試要求。
21. the rules will be water down?
* If something such as a proposal, speech, or statement is watered down, it is made much weaker and less forceful, or less likely to make people angry.
此句：規(guī)則會(huì)打折扣。
22. bare their teeth 齜牙咧嘴/采取行動(dòng)
*To display anangry,violent,and/or threatening reaction to or against something or someone, as does a dog or wolf when threatened.
24. entrant
* a person or group that enters, joins, or takes part in something
25. cooperation or confrontation 合作或?qū)χ?/p>
