spring-core源碼解析-(1)
基本
本部分從最基本的Spring開始。配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans>
<bean class="base.SimpleBean"></bean>
</beans>
啟動(dòng)代碼:
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
SimpleBean bean = context.getBean(SimpleBean.class);
bean.send();
context.close();
}
SimpleBean:
public class SimpleBean {
public void send() {
System.out.println("I am send method from SimpleBean!");
}
}
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
整個(gè)繼承體系如下:

ResourceLoader代表了加載資源的一種方式,正是策略模式的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
構(gòu)造器源碼:
public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, ApplicationContext parent) {
super(parent);
setConfigLocations(configLocations);
//默認(rèn)true
if (refresh) {
refresh();
}
}
構(gòu)造器
首先看父類構(gòu)造器,沿著繼承體系一直向上調(diào)用,直到AbstractApplicationContext:
public AbstractApplicationContext(ApplicationContext parent) {
this();
setParent(parent);
}
public AbstractApplicationContext() {
this.resourcePatternResolver = getResourcePatternResolver();
}
getResourcePatternResolver:
protected ResourcePatternResolver getResourcePatternResolver() {
return new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(this);
}
PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver支持Ant風(fēng)格的路徑解析。
設(shè)置配置文件路徑
即AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext.setConfigLocations:
public void setConfigLocations(String... locations) {
if (locations != null) {
Assert.noNullElements(locations, "Config locations must not be null");
this.configLocations = new String[locations.length];
for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; i++) {
this.configLocations[i] = resolvePath(locations[i]).trim();
}
} else {
this.configLocations = null;
}
}
resolvePath:
protected String resolvePath(String path) {
return getEnvironment().resolveRequiredPlaceholders(path);
}
此方法的目的在于將占位符(placeholder)解析成實(shí)際的地址。比如可以這么寫: new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:config.xml");那么classpath:就是需要被解析的。
getEnvironment方法來自于ConfigurableApplicationContext接口,源碼很簡(jiǎn)單,如果為空就調(diào)用createEnvironment創(chuàng)建一個(gè)。AbstractApplicationContext.createEnvironment:
protected ConfigurableEnvironment createEnvironment() {
return new StandardEnvironment();
}
Environment接口
StandardEnvironment繼承體系:

Environmen接口代表了當(dāng)前應(yīng)用所處的環(huán)境。從此接口的方法可以看出,其主要和profile、Property相關(guān)。
Profile
Spring Profile特性是從3.1開始的,其主要是為了解決這樣一種問題: 線上環(huán)境和測(cè)試環(huán)境使用不同的配置或是數(shù)據(jù)庫或是其它。有了Profile便可以在 不同環(huán)境之間無縫切換。Spring容器管理的所有bean都是和一個(gè)profile綁定在一起的。使用了Profile的配置文件示例:
<beans profile="develop">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:jdbc-develop.properties"/>
</beans>
<beans profile="production">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:jdbc-production.properties"/>
</beans>
<beans profile="test">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:jdbc-test.properties"/>
</beans>
在啟動(dòng)代碼中可以用如下代碼設(shè)置活躍(當(dāng)前使用的)Profile:
context.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("dev");
當(dāng)然使用的方式還有很多(比如注解),參考:
spring3.1 profile 配置不同的環(huán)境
Property
這里的Property指的是程序運(yùn)行時(shí)的一些參數(shù),引用注釋:
properties files, JVM system properties, system environment variables, JNDI, servlet context parameters, ad-hoc Properties objects,Maps, and so on.
Environment構(gòu)造器
private final MutablePropertySources propertySources = new MutablePropertySources(this.logger);
public AbstractEnvironment() {
customizePropertySources(this.propertySources);
}
PropertySources接口
繼承體系:

此接口實(shí)際上是PropertySource的容器,默認(rèn)的MutablePropertySources實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)部含有一個(gè)CopyOnWriteArrayList作為存儲(chǔ)載體。
StandardEnvironment.customizePropertySources:
/** System environment property source name: {@value} */
public static final String SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME = "systemEnvironment";
/** JVM system properties property source name: {@value} */
public static final String SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME = "systemProperties";
@Override
protected void customizePropertySources(MutablePropertySources propertySources) {
propertySources.addLast(new MapPropertySource
(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, getSystemProperties()));
propertySources.addLast(new SystemEnvironmentPropertySource
(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, getSystemEnvironment()));
}
PropertySource接口
PropertySource接口代表了鍵值對(duì)的Property來源。繼承體系:

AbstractEnvironment.getSystemProperties:
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getSystemProperties() {
try {
return (Map) System.getProperties();
}
catch (AccessControlException ex) {
return (Map) new ReadOnlySystemAttributesMap() {
@Override
protected String getSystemAttribute(String attributeName) {
try {
return System.getProperty(attributeName);
}
catch (AccessControlException ex) {
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info(format("Caught AccessControlException when accessing system " +
"property [%s]; its value will be returned [null]. Reason: %s",
attributeName, ex.getMessage()));
}
return null;
}
}
};
}
}
這里的實(shí)現(xiàn)很有意思,如果安全管理器阻止獲取全部的系統(tǒng)屬性,那么會(huì)嘗試獲取單個(gè)屬性的可能性,如果還不行就拋異常了。
getSystemEnvironment方法也是一個(gè)套路,不過最終調(diào)用的是System.getenv,可以獲取jvm和OS的一些版本信息。
路徑Placeholder處理
AbstractEnvironment.resolveRequiredPlaceholders:
@Override
public String resolveRequiredPlaceholders(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {
//text即配置文件路徑,比如classpath:config.xml
return this.propertyResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(text);
}
propertyResolver是一個(gè)PropertySourcesPropertyResolver對(duì)象:
private final ConfigurablePropertyResolver propertyResolver =
new PropertySourcesPropertyResolver(this.propertySources);
PropertyResolver接口
PropertySourcesPropertyResolver繼承體系(排除Environment分支):

此接口正是用來解析PropertyResource。
解析
AbstractPropertyResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders:
@Override
public String resolveRequiredPlaceholders(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (this.strictHelper == null) {
this.strictHelper = createPlaceholderHelper(false);
}
return doResolvePlaceholders(text, this.strictHelper);
}
private PropertyPlaceholderHelper createPlaceholderHelper(boolean ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders) {
//三個(gè)參數(shù)分別是${, }, :
return new PropertyPlaceholderHelper(this.placeholderPrefix, this.placeholderSuffix,
this.valueSeparator, ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders);
}
doResolvePlaceholders:
private String doResolvePlaceholders(String text, PropertyPlaceholderHelper helper) {
//PlaceholderResolver接口依然是策略模式的體現(xiàn)
return helper.replacePlaceholders(text, new PropertyPlaceholderHelper.PlaceholderResolver() {
@Override
public String resolvePlaceholder(String placeholderName) {
return getPropertyAsRawString(placeholderName);
}
});
}
其實(shí)代碼執(zhí)行到這里的時(shí)候還沒有進(jìn)行xml配置文件的解析,那么這里的解析placeHolder是什么意思呢,原因在于可以這么寫:
System.setProperty("spring", "classpath");
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("${spring}:config.xml");
SimpleBean bean = context.getBean(SimpleBean.class);
這樣就可以正確解析。placeholder的替換其實(shí)就是字符串操作,這里只說一下正確的屬性是怎么來的。實(shí)現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵在于PropertySourcesPropertyResolver.getProperty:
@Override
protected String getPropertyAsRawString(String key) {
return getProperty(key, String.class, false);
}
protected <T> T getProperty(String key, Class<T> targetValueType, boolean resolveNestedPlaceholders) {
if (this.propertySources != null) {
for (PropertySource<?> propertySource : this.propertySources) {
Object value = propertySource.getProperty(key);
return value;
}
}
return null;
}
很明顯了,就是從System.getProperty和System.getenv獲取,但是由于環(huán)境變量是無法自定義的,所以其實(shí)此處只能通過System.setProperty指定。
注意,classpath:XXX這種寫法的classpath前綴到目前為止還沒有被處理。
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