Please let me know what is your name .(誤)
很多初學者看了半天,也看不出這一句錯句錯在什么地方。
為什么會是錯句呢?
先要解構一下賓語從句是怎么組成的。
主從復句由兩個或兩個以上的單句,通過連接詞而組成,其中必有一句單句是主句,其它都是從句。
例句(1):
He told me that he would go to Beijing tomorrow.
解構:
主句:He told me
從句:he would go to Beijing tomorrow.
連詞:that
特點:從句是一陳述句
例句(2):
Please let me know whether you can finish the job in time.
解構:
主句:Please let me know
從句:whether can you finish the job in time ?
連詞:whether
特點:從句是一般疑問句
例句(3):
Please let me know what your name is .
解構:
主句:Please let me know
從句:what is your name ?
連詞:what
特點:從句是特殊疑問句
由此可見,從句在進入復句用作賓語從句前,可以是如下三類單句中之一類:
1.陳述句
2.一般疑問句
3.特殊疑問句
在語序上,陳述句不會對初學者造成困難,問題出在一般疑問句和特殊疑問句上,因為它們原本都是疑問句,都有主謂倒置的語序要求。所以,在構成主從復句時,初學者就想當然地把主謂倒置的語序搬進了復句。
但是,英語語法對賓語從句的一個嚴格規(guī)定:
主從復句中的賓語從句的語序,只能是陳述句的語序
也即:主語 + 謂語 + 其它成分
所以,上述那句錯句應改正為:
Please let me know what your name is.(正)
所以,
I want to make sure if can you go with us tonight.(誤)
I want to make sure if you can go with us tonight. (正)
I try to tell him where is the mistake .(誤)
I try to tell him where the mistake is .(正)
I want to guess how old is she .(誤)
I want to guess how old she is .(正)
小結: