SpringBoot+ElasticSearch 實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊查詢,批量CRUD,排序,分頁(yè),高亮!

原文:blog.csdn.net/qq_52355487/article/details/123805713

一、導(dǎo)入elasticsearch依賴

在pom.xml里加入如下依賴

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

非常重要:檢查依賴版本是否與你當(dāng)前所用的版本是否一致,如果不一致,會(huì)連接失?。?/p>

image

二、創(chuàng)建高級(jí)客戶端

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchClientConfig {
    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("服務(wù)器IP", 9200, "http")));
        return client;
    }
}

三、基本用法

1.創(chuàng)建、判斷存在、刪除索引

import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.io.IOException;

@SpringBootTest
class ElasticsearchApplicationTests {

 @Autowired
 private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;

 @Test
 void testCreateIndex() throws IOException {
  //1.創(chuàng)建索引請(qǐng)求
  CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("ljx666");
  //2.客戶端執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求IndicesClient,執(zhí)行create方法創(chuàng)建索引,請(qǐng)求后獲得響應(yīng)
  CreateIndexResponse response=
    restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
  System.out.println(response);
 }

 @Test
 void testExistIndex() throws IOException {
        //1.查詢索引請(qǐng)求
  GetIndexRequest request=new GetIndexRequest("ljx666");
        //2.執(zhí)行exists方法判斷是否存在
  boolean exists=restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
  System.out.println(exists);
 }

 @Test
 void testDeleteIndex() throws IOException {
        //1.刪除索引請(qǐng)求
  DeleteIndexRequest request=new DeleteIndexRequest("ljx666");
        //執(zhí)行delete方法刪除指定索引
  AcknowledgedResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
  System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());
 }

}

2.對(duì)文檔的CRUD

創(chuàng)建文檔:

注意:如果添加時(shí)不指定文檔ID,他就會(huì)隨機(jī)生成一個(gè)ID,ID唯一。

創(chuàng)建文檔時(shí)若該ID已存在,發(fā)送創(chuàng)建文檔請(qǐng)求后會(huì)更新文檔中的數(shù)據(jù)。

@Test
void testAddUser() throws IOException {
 //1.創(chuàng)建對(duì)象
 User user=new User("Go",21,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷","吃飯"});
 //2.創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
 IndexRequest request=new IndexRequest("ljx666");
 //3.設(shè)置規(guī)則 PUT /ljx666/_doc/1
 //設(shè)置文檔id=6,設(shè)置超時(shí)=1s等,不設(shè)置會(huì)使用默認(rèn)的
 //同時(shí)支持鏈?zhǔn)骄幊倘?request.id("6").timeout("1s");
 request.id("6");
 request.timeout("1s");

 //4.將數(shù)據(jù)放入請(qǐng)求,要將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)化為json格式
    //XContentType.JSON,告訴它傳的數(shù)據(jù)是JSON類型
 request.source(JSONValue.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);
    
 //5.客戶端發(fā)送請(qǐng)求,獲取響應(yīng)結(jié)果
 IndexResponse indexResponse=restHighLevelClient.index(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 System.out.println(indexResponse.toString());
 System.out.println(indexResponse.status());
}

獲取文檔中的數(shù)據(jù):

@Test
void testGetUser() throws IOException {
 //1.創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求,指定索引、文檔id
 GetRequest request=new GetRequest("ljx666","1");
 GetResponse getResponse=restHighLevelClient.get(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
  
 System.out.println(getResponse);//獲取響應(yīng)結(jié)果
 //getResponse.getSource() 返回的是Map集合
 System.out.println(getResponse.getSourceAsString());//獲取響應(yīng)結(jié)果source中內(nèi)容,轉(zhuǎn)化為字符串
  
}

更新文檔數(shù)據(jù):

注意:需要將User對(duì)象中的屬性全部指定值,不然會(huì)被設(shè)置為空,如User只設(shè)置了名稱,那么只有名稱會(huì)被修改成功,其他會(huì)被修改為null。

@Test
void testUpdateUser() throws IOException {
 //1.創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求,指定索引、文檔id
 UpdateRequest request=new UpdateRequest("ljx666","6");

 User user =new User("GoGo",21,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷","吃飯"});
 //將創(chuàng)建的對(duì)象放入文檔中
 request.doc(JSONValue.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);

 UpdateResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.update(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//更新成功返回OK
}

刪除文檔:

@Test
void testDeleteUser() throws IOException {
 //創(chuàng)建刪除請(qǐng)求,指定要?jiǎng)h除的索引與文檔ID
 DeleteRequest request=new DeleteRequest("ljx666","6");

 DeleteResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//刪除成功返回OK,沒有找到返回NOT_FOUND
}

3.批量CRUD數(shù)據(jù)

這里只列出了批量插入數(shù)據(jù),其他與此類似

注意:hasFailures()方法是返回是否失敗,即它的值為false時(shí)說明上傳成功

@Test
void testBulkAddUser() throws IOException {
 BulkRequest bulkRequest=new BulkRequest();
 //設(shè)置超時(shí)
 bulkRequest.timeout("10s");

 ArrayList<User> list=new ArrayList<>();
 list.add(new User("Java",25,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
 list.add(new User("Go",18,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
 list.add(new User("C",30,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
 list.add(new User("C++",26,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));
 list.add(new User("Python",20,new String[]{"內(nèi)卷"}));

 int id=1;
 //批量處理請(qǐng)求
 for (User u :list){
  //不設(shè)置id會(huì)生成隨機(jī)id
  bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("ljx666")
    .id(""+(id++))
    .source(JSONValue.toJSONString(u),XContentType.JSON));
 }

 BulkResponse bulkResponse=restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 System.out.println(bulkResponse.hasFailures());//是否執(zhí)行失敗,false為執(zhí)行成功
}

4.查詢所有、模糊查詢、分頁(yè)查詢、排序、高亮顯示

@Test
void testSearch() throws IOException {
 SearchRequest searchRequest=new SearchRequest("ljx666");//里面可以放多個(gè)索引
 SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder=new SearchSourceBuilder();//構(gòu)造搜索條件

 //此處可以使用QueryBuilders工具類中的方法
 //1.查詢所有
 sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
 //2.查詢name中含有Java的
 sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("java","name"));
 //3.分頁(yè)查詢
 sourceBuilder.from(0).size(5);
    
 //4.按照score正序排列
 //sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.scoreSort().order(SortOrder.ASC));
 //5.按照id倒序排列(score會(huì)失效返回NaN)
 //sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.fieldSort("_id").order(SortOrder.DESC));

 //6.給指定字段加上指定高亮樣式
 HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder=new HighlightBuilder();
 highlightBuilder.field("name").preTags("<span style='color:red;'>").postTags("</span>");
 sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
  
 searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
 SearchResponse searchResponse=restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

 //獲取總條數(shù)
 System.out.println(searchResponse.getHits().getTotalHits().value);
 //輸出結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)(如果不設(shè)置返回條數(shù),大于10條默認(rèn)只返回10條)
 SearchHit[] hits=searchResponse.getHits().getHits();
 for(SearchHit hit :hits){
  System.out.println("分?jǐn)?shù):"+hit.getScore());
  Map<String,Object> source=hit.getSourceAsMap();
  System.out.println("index->"+hit.getIndex());
  System.out.println("id->"+hit.getId());
  for(Map.Entry<String,Object> s:source.entrySet()){
   System.out.println(s.getKey()+"--"+s.getValue());
  }
 }
}

四、總結(jié)

1.大致流程

創(chuàng)建對(duì)應(yīng)的請(qǐng)求 --> 設(shè)置請(qǐng)求(添加規(guī)則,添加數(shù)據(jù)等) --> 執(zhí)行對(duì)應(yīng)的方法(傳入請(qǐng)求,默認(rèn)請(qǐng)求選項(xiàng))–> 接收響應(yīng)結(jié)果(執(zhí)行方法返回值)–> 輸出響應(yīng)結(jié)果中需要的數(shù)據(jù)(source,status等)

2.注意事項(xiàng)

  • 如果不指定id,會(huì)自動(dòng)生成一個(gè)隨機(jī)id
  • 正常情況下,不應(yīng)該這樣使用new IndexRequest(“l(fā)jx777”),如果索引發(fā)生改變了,那么代碼都需要修改,可以定義一個(gè)枚舉類或者一個(gè)專門存放常量的類,將變量用final static等進(jìn)行修飾,并指定索引值。其他地方引用該常量即可,需要修改也只需修改該類即可。
  • elasticsearch相關(guān)的東西,版本都必須一致,不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
  • elasticsearch很消耗內(nèi)存,建議在內(nèi)存較大的服務(wù)器上運(yùn)行elasticsearch,否則會(huì)因?yàn)閮?nèi)存不足導(dǎo)致elasticsearch自動(dòng)killed

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