前言
承上啟下:
- Spring的
refresh->finishBeanFactoryInitialization(容器初始化單例非延遲加載Bean的入口). -
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();，Bean工廠開始加載Bean實(shí)例. - 獲取beanName列表，循環(huán)對每個(gè)beanName進(jìn)行
getBean操作. -
getBean中調(diào)用了doGetBean進(jìn)行了一些創(chuàng)建Bean的前置處理.最終在getSingleton中調(diào)用了createBean進(jìn)行Bean的創(chuàng)建.
OK,下面進(jìn)入今天的主題-createBean.
createBean的總體流程
- 解析Bean類型,獲取Class: resolveBeanClass.
- 檢查和準(zhǔn)備Bean中的方法覆蓋: prepareMethodOverrides.
- 應(yīng)用實(shí)例化之前的后處理器: resolveBeforeInstantiation.
- 開始創(chuàng)建Bean: doCreateBean
1. resolveBeanClass-解析Bean類型,獲取Bean的Class.
- AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
// 確認(rèn)當(dāng)前的Bean類是可以被解析的，并且支持克隆BeanDefinition,merged的BeanDefinition不在此方法的考慮范圍
// 進(jìn)入到里面，會發(fā)現(xiàn)器通過了類加載器進(jìn)行了Class的獲取
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
// 克隆一份BeanDefinition,用來設(shè)置上加載出來的對象
// 采用副本的原因是某些類可能需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)加載Class
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
// 省略若干代碼
}
容器在前面已經(jīng)加載并注冊好了
BeanDefinition,它描述了關(guān)于Bean的信息，在此處Spring要開始將自己抽象出來的BeanDefinition進(jìn)行解析.這里思考一個(gè)問題,為什么Spring在加載Bean的時(shí)候選擇了RootBeanDefinition進(jìn)行解析，而不是之前在加載BeanDefinition的時(shí)候反復(fù)說到的GenericBeanDefinition?
RootBeanDefinition對應(yīng)的是Java中的繼承體系而制造的復(fù)合BeanDefinition(Spring在定義Bean時(shí)，也支持定義繼承關(guān)系).從各種容器加載出來的BeanDefinition，最終都會通過getMergedLocalBeanDefinition轉(zhuǎn)化成RootBeanDefinition.
RootBeanDefinition可以合成有繼承關(guān)系的BeanDefinition(如果沒有繼承關(guān)系，那么自己便是代表parent).這里推薦一篇文章,希望可以帶來更多的思考: 【小家Spring】Spring IoC容器中核心定義之------BeanDefinition深入分析（RootBeanDefinition、ChildBeanDefinition...）
OK,回到主題,拿到傳進(jìn)來的
RootBeanDefinition后，Spring需要確認(rèn)當(dāng)前的Bean類是可以被解析的,即是否能通過類加載器進(jìn)行載入.對于注解容器來說，在組件掃描的時(shí)候就通過ResourceLoader進(jìn)行了資源的定位，所以在這里是可以確認(rèn)可以被解析的.
考慮到健全性，Spring還是謹(jǐn)慎地進(jìn)行了校驗(yàn),畢竟不是所有的BeanDefinition都是通過注解容器加載的.
- AbstractBeanFactory#resolveBeanClass
protected Class<?> resolveBeanClass(RootBeanDefinition mbd, String beanName, Class<?>... typesToMatch)
throws CannotLoadBeanClassException {
try {
// 如果當(dāng)前BeanDefinition存儲beanClass屬于Class實(shí)例,直接返回
if (mbd.hasBeanClass()) {
return mbd.getBeanClass();
}
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
return AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedExceptionAction<Class<?>>)
() -> doResolveBeanClass(mbd, typesToMatch), getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 如果當(dāng)前BeanDefinition沒有存儲Class實(shí)例，那么嘗試解析
return doResolveBeanClass(mbd, typesToMatch);
}
}
catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
ClassNotFoundException ex = (ClassNotFoundException) pae.getException();
throw new CannotLoadBeanClassException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, mbd.getBeanClassName(), ex);
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
throw new CannotLoadBeanClassException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, mbd.getBeanClassName(), ex);
}
catch (LinkageError err) {
throw new CannotLoadBeanClassException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, mbd.getBeanClassName(), err);
}
}
- AbstractBeanFactory#doResolveBeanClass
private Class<?> doResolveBeanClass(RootBeanDefinition mbd, Class<?>... typesToMatch)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
ClassLoader beanClassLoader = getBeanClassLoader();
ClassLoader dynamicLoader = beanClassLoader;
boolean freshResolve = false;
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(typesToMatch)) {
// When just doing type checks (i.e. not creating an actual instance yet),
// use the specified temporary class loader (e.g. in a weaving scenario).
ClassLoader tempClassLoader = getTempClassLoader();
if (tempClassLoader != null) {
dynamicLoader = tempClassLoader;
freshResolve = true;
if (tempClassLoader instanceof DecoratingClassLoader) {
DecoratingClassLoader dcl = (DecoratingClassLoader) tempClassLoader;
for (Class<?> typeToMatch : typesToMatch) {
dcl.excludeClass(typeToMatch.getName());
}
}
}
}
// 獲取BeanDefinition的className.
String className = mbd.getBeanClassName();
if (className != null) {
// 根據(jù)className解析成表達(dá)式
Object evaluated = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(className, mbd);
if (!className.equals(evaluated)) {
// A dynamically resolved expression, supported as of 4.2...
if (evaluated instanceof Class) {
return (Class<?>) evaluated;
}
else if (evaluated instanceof String) {
className = (String) evaluated;
freshResolve = true;
}
else {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid class name expression result: " + evaluated);
}
}
if (freshResolve) {
// When resolving against a temporary class loader, exit early in order
// to avoid storing the resolved Class in the bean definition.
if (dynamicLoader != null) {
try {
// 如果解析后的表達(dá)式為Class則直接返回
return dynamicLoader.loadClass(className);
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Could not load class [" + className + "] from " + dynamicLoader + ": " + ex);
}
}
}
// 反射工具類加載Class
return ClassUtils.forName(className, dynamicLoader);
}
}
// Resolve regularly, caching the result in the BeanDefinition...
return mbd.resolveBeanClass(beanClassLoader);
}
這里Spring會獲取到當(dāng)前工廠的類加載器，然后從BeanDefinition中獲取className.Spring會先對className做表達(dá)式解析，如果不是通過表達(dá)式進(jìn)行解析，那么調(diào)用
ClassUtils.forName(className, dynamicLoader);,如果className不存在，再使用類加載器進(jìn)行加載.類于類加載器是一一對應(yīng)的關(guān)系，Spring需要找到可以加載該類的類加載器,然后加載出Class對象.
2. 檢查和準(zhǔn)備Bean中的方法覆蓋-prepareMethodOverrides
- AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean
// Prepare method overrides.
// 檢查和準(zhǔn)備Bean中的方法覆蓋
try {
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
- AbstractBeanDefinition#prepareMethodOverrides
主要針對
lookup methods做校驗(yàn)和方法覆蓋?，F(xiàn)在用得比較少了.
如果對Lookup方法注入有興趣，可以在Spring的官網(wǎng)查看: 點(diǎn)我前往
- AbstractBeanDefinition#prepareMethodOverrides
public void prepareMethodOverrides() throws BeanDefinitionValidationException {
// Check that lookup methods exist and determine their overloaded status.
// 檢查查找方法是否存在，并確定其重載狀態(tài)。
if (hasMethodOverrides()) {
getMethodOverrides().getOverrides().forEach(this::prepareMethodOverride);
}
}
- AbstractBeanDefinition#prepareMethodOverride
驗(yàn)證并準(zhǔn)備給定的方法是否被重寫。檢查是否存在具有指定名稱的方法，如果找不到該方法，則將其標(biāo)記為未重載。
protected void prepareMethodOverride(MethodOverride mo) throws BeanDefinitionValidationException {
int count = ClassUtils.getMethodCountForName(getBeanClass(), mo.getMethodName());
if (count == 0) {
throw new BeanDefinitionValidationException(
"Invalid method override: no method with name '" + mo.getMethodName() +
"' on class [" + getBeanClassName() + "]");
}
// 如果不存在重載,在使用CGLIB增強(qiáng)階段就不需要校驗(yàn)了
else if (count == 1) {
// Mark override as not overloaded, to avoid the overhead of arg type checking.
// 將替代標(biāo)記為未過載，以避免arg類型檢查的開銷。
mo.setOverloaded(false);
}
}
3. 激活Bean實(shí)例化前的后置處理器-resolveBeforeInstantiation
try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
// 解析BeanPostProcessors的BeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation,試圖返回一個(gè)需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建Bean的代理對象
// resolveBeforeInstantiation只針對有自定義的targetsource.
// 因?yàn)樽远x的targetsource不是Spring的bean,那么后續(xù)的初始化與該bean無關(guān)
// 因此直接可以進(jìn)行代理
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
- AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#resolveBeforeInstantiation
protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
Object bean = null;
// 如果beforeInstantiationResolved為false
if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
// 如果注冊了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors的BeanPostProcessor.
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
if (targetType != null) {
// 執(zhí)行實(shí)現(xiàn)了該后置處理器接口的類中postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
// Spring在這里使用了責(zé)任鏈模式,如果有一個(gè)后置處理器可以返回Object,就會馬上跳出循環(huán)
// 同時(shí)，如果第三方框架在此后置處理器對Bean執(zhí)行了操作，那么將不會進(jìn)入到doCreateBean中了.
// 注意傳參，這里傳入的是一個(gè)class和beanName.
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
if (bean != null) {
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
}
}
}
mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
}
return bean;
}
如果當(dāng)前的Bean實(shí)現(xiàn)了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口，并且在postProcessBeforeInstantiation中返回了Object，那么Spring將不會執(zhí)行
doCreateBean進(jìn)行實(shí)例化，而是將當(dāng)前用戶返回的bean實(shí)例直接返回。
AbstractAutoProxyCreator這個(gè)AOP代理的BeanPostProcessor便是這樣做的.
執(zhí)行完before的操作后，如果返回了實(shí)例，那么繼續(xù)執(zhí)行after的操作.
其中,before和after的執(zhí)行邏輯有點(diǎn)區(qū)別:
before方法執(zhí)行的中斷條件:
Object result = ibp.postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);
if (result != null) {
return result;
}
after方法執(zhí)行的中斷條件:
Object current = processor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
if (current == null) {
return result;
}
關(guān)注這個(gè)BeanPostPorcessor，在后續(xù)的學(xué)習(xí)中，我們?nèi)阅茉谶^濾器中學(xué)習(xí)到這種職責(zé)鏈的設(shè)計(jì)原則.
我們來看看InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的接口清單.默認(rèn)返回null.
public interface InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {
@Nullable
default Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return null;
}
default boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return true;
}
}
4. 開始創(chuàng)建Bean-doCreateBean
OK,再梳理一下思路，從createBean中，Spring分析了當(dāng)前的Class是否能被類加載器加載,如果可以加載，返回當(dāng)前
BeanDefinitino的Class對象,接著進(jìn)行了Lookup method的檢查，最后激活了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors的方法,如果以上方法都沒中斷，那么Spring將進(jìn)行Bean的實(shí)例化-doCreateBean.
try {
// 創(chuàng)建bean的入口
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}
catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
}
總結(jié)
- 在createBean階段，Spring會分析當(dāng)前BeanDefinition的Class是否是可解析的.具體表現(xiàn)為用類加載器進(jìn)行l(wèi)oadClass或者Class.forName
- 檢查當(dāng)前BeanDefinition的Lookup method是否存在，并且確認(rèn)重載狀態(tài).
- 如果實(shí)現(xiàn)了
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors,激活此后置處理器，如果可以從此后置處理器中獲取Bean實(shí)例，那么直接返回該Bean實(shí)例，不會進(jìn)行doCreateBean操作. - 開始Bean的實(shí)例化-doCreateBean.
doCreateBean篇幅較長，將拆分幾篇文章進(jìn)行講解，如果覺得不錯(cuò)，請關(guān)注我的博客~
