1.下載安裝

1.1.首先去官網(wǎng)下載mongodb對(duì)應(yīng)版本安裝
https://www.mongodb.com/download-center
?????解壓到目錄例如：c:/mongo
?????創(chuàng)建文件夾用于mongodb數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)和日志存儲(chǔ) 例如：c:/mongo/data/db c:/mongo/data/log
1.2.初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
?????打開控制臺(tái)cd到bin目錄下或者將bin目錄配置到環(huán)境變量

> cd c:/mongo/bin
> mongod –dbpath=../data/db –port=27017

?????數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)成功 mongodb默認(rèn)端口為27017

C:\Users\maikuraki>mongod --dbpath=c:/mongo/data/db -port=27017
2018-01-27T20:36:55.680+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=9364 port=27017 dbpath=c:/mongo/data/db 64-bit host=MySurface
2018-01-27T20:36:55.682+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] targetMinOS: Windows Vista/Windows Server 2008
2018-01-27T20:36:55.682+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] db version v3.2.4
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] git version: e2ee9ffcf9f5a94fad76802e28cc978718bb7a30
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] modules: none
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] build environment:
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]     distarch: x86_64
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]     target_arch: x86_64
2018-01-27T20:36:55.683+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] options: { net: { port: 27017 }, storage: { dbPath: "c:/mongo/data/db" } }
2018-01-27T20:36:55.684+0800 I -        [initandlisten] Detected data files in c:/mongo/data/db created by the 'wiredTiger' storage engine, so setting the active storage engine to 'wiredTiger'.
2018-01-27T20:36:55.685+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] wiredtiger_open config: create,cache_size=1G,session_max=20000,eviction=(threads_max=4),config_base=false,statistics=(fast),log=(enabled=true,archive=true,path=journal,compressor=snappy),file_manager=(close_idle_time=100000),checkpoint=(wait=60,log_size=2GB),statistics_log=(wait=0),
2018-01-27T20:36:56.618+0800 I NETWORK  [HostnameCanonicalizationWorker] Starting hostname canonicalization worker
2018-01-27T20:36:56.618+0800 I FTDC     [initandlisten] Initializing full-time diagnostic data capture with directory 'c:/mongo/data/db/diagnostic.data'
2018-01-27T20:36:56.624+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
2018-01-27T20:37:12.505+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:61372 #1 (1 connection now open)

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)成功

1.3.連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
?????新開一個(gè)控制臺(tái)cd到bin目錄下

> mongo 127.0.0.1

?????連接成功后進(jìn)入shell模式按ctrl+c退出
?????默認(rèn)會(huì)用test

C:\Users\maikuraki>mongo 127.0.0.1
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1/test
>

2.mongodb基本操作

1.查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)列表

> show dbs
I1     0.000GB
ci     0.000GB
local  0.000GB
user   0.000GB
>

2.選擇或創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)入

選擇的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)不一定要存在如果沒有該數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)mongodb會(huì)在緩存中創(chuàng)建,當(dāng)存入數(shù)據(jù)后才會(huì)正在創(chuàng)建

> use user
switched to db user
>

3.增加插入數(shù)據(jù) (create)

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)集合叫persion

db.createCollection('persion')

如果沒有創(chuàng)建也可以直接插入保存一條數(shù)據(jù),mongodb會(huì)自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建persion的集合

> db.persion.save({name: 'json'})
>

在庫(kù)中插入一條persion的集合增加一條{name: 'tom'}的數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.insert({name: 'tom'})
>

save和insert的區(qū)別：若新增的數(shù)據(jù)中存在主鍵，insert() 會(huì)提示錯(cuò)誤，而save()
則更改原來(lái)的內(nèi)容為新內(nèi)容。

4.查看庫(kù)中的集合

> show collections
chats
persion
users
>

5.查看剛剛添加的集合中內(nèi)容 (retrieve)

db.[documentName].find()查找集合中的所有數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c7a7bcbeb9ed70a40a5bc"), "name" : "json" } //mongodb會(huì)自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建一條_id的索引
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c7938cbeb9ed70a40a5bb"), "name" : "tom" }
>

db.[documentName].findOne()查找集合中的一條數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.findOne()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c7a7bcbeb9ed70a40a5bc"), "name" : "json" } 
>

**db.[documentName].find().count()統(tǒng)計(jì)集合中的數(shù)據(jù)條數(shù) **

6.更新數(shù)據(jù)(update)

db.[documentName].update({查詢條件},{更新內(nèi)容})

把剛剛插入的name叫tom的更新成tom2

> db.persion.update({name: 'tom'},{name: 'tom2'})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c7a7bcbeb9ed70a40a5bc"), "name" : "json" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c7938cbeb9ed70a40a5bb"), "name" : "tom2" }
>

如果查詢條件的字段和要修改的字段不同則需要修改器
db.[documentName].update({查詢條件},{$set: {更新內(nèi)容}})

> db.persion.update({name: '張三'},{$set:{age: 24}})
> db.persion.find()                               })
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8227cbeb9ed70a40a5bd"), "age" : 24 } //這條是沒有使用修改器修改  結(jié)果name屬性沒有了
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8280cbeb9ed70a40a5be"), "name" : "張三", "age" : 24 }
>

更新所有符合要求的數(shù)據(jù)
db.[documentName].update({查詢條件},{$set: {更新內(nèi)容}},{multi,true})

> db.persion.update({name: '張三'},{$set:{age: 24}},{multi,true})
>

7.刪除(delete)

刪除庫(kù)中的集合
db.[documentName].drop()

> db.persion.drop()

刪除集合下的所有數(shù)據(jù)
db.[documentName].remove({})

> db.persion.remove({})

刪除集合下的某一條數(shù)據(jù)
db.[documentName].remove({查詢條件})

> db.persion.remove({name: '張三'})

刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

> db.dropDatabase()

8.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)命名規(guī)范

不能是空字符串
不能含有' '(空格)、,、$、/、\、和\O(空字符)
應(yīng)該全部小寫
最多64個(gè)字節(jié)
不能與現(xiàn)有庫(kù)同名
帶有符號(hào)的如db-foo這樣的不能通過db.[documentName]獲取需要用db.getCollection(documentName)獲取(-會(huì)被當(dāng)成減號(hào))

3.mongodb高級(jí)操作

1.直接執(zhí)行javascript

mongodb的shell可以執(zhí)行javascript
用for循環(huán)批量插入

> for(var i = 0;i < 10; i ++){
... db.persion.insert({name: 'tom_'+ i})
... }
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebc9"), "name" : "tom_0" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebca"), "name" : "tom_1" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebcb"), "name" : "tom_2" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebcc"), "name" : "tom_3" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebcd"), "name" : "tom_4" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebce"), "name" : "tom_5" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebcf"), "name" : "tom_6" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebd0"), "name" : "tom_7" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebd1"), "name" : "tom_8" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c8a80c70097e60431ebd2"), "name" : "tom_9" }
>

2.update參數(shù)

設(shè)置參數(shù)為true,當(dāng)查詢不到的時(shí)候則自動(dòng)insert一條數(shù)據(jù)如果查詢到則做update操作

> db.persion.update({_id: 1},{_id: 1, name: 'tom'}, true)

insertOrUpdate之后再加true參數(shù) 需要配合$set修改器使用

> db.persion.update({_id: 1},{$set:{_id: 1, name: 'tom'}}, fasle, true)

3.修改器

修改器	功能
$inc	對(duì)指定的鍵做加法操作，如果指定的關(guān)鍵不存在，則新創(chuàng)建這個(gè)鍵，并且賦值為$inc指定的值
$set	給指定的鍵賦值，如果指定的鍵不存在，則自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建
$unset	清除一個(gè)鍵和值
$push	對(duì)數(shù)組進(jìn)行操作,push將一個(gè)元素追加到集合的末尾(不管這個(gè)元素是否存在于數(shù)組中)，如果數(shù)組不存在，則首先創(chuàng)建數(shù)組，如果鍵存在值不是數(shù)組類型則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
$pushAll	push操作的批量版本，如果給push操作提供一個(gè)數(shù)組作為參數(shù)，那么push認(rèn)為是把整個(gè)數(shù)組作為一個(gè)元素加入到指定的數(shù)組末尾
$addToSet	pushAll的去重版本，即$addToSet實(shí)現(xiàn)了Java的Set集合的特性(Set中不能包含相同的元素)
$pop	從數(shù)組中移除一個(gè)元素{$pop:{"key":1}}從數(shù)組末尾刪除；pop:{"key":-1}}從數(shù)組開頭刪除
$pull	刪除數(shù)組中指定元素
$pullAll	刪除數(shù)組中多個(gè)指定元素
$rename	修改指定鍵的鍵名

案例
$inc

> db.persion.insert({name: 'tom', age: 20})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c93dec70097e60431ebd3"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 20 }
//找到年齡為20的任何加上1
> db.persion.update({age: 20},{$inc:{age: 1}})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c93dec70097e60431ebd3"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 21 }

$set

> db.persion.insert({name: 'tom', age: 20})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c93dec70097e60431ebd3"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 20 }
//更新name: tom -> jack
> db.persion.update({age: 20},{$set:{name: 'jack'}})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c93dec70097e60431ebd3"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 20 }

$unset

> db.persion.insert({name: 'tom', age: 20})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c93dec70097e60431ebd3"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 20 }
//刪除name屬性
> db.persion.update({age: 20},{$unset:{name: ''}})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6c93dec70097e60431ebd3"), "age" : 20 }

$push

> db.persion.insert({_id: 1, arr: [1, 2, 3]})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
//給arr屬性增加一個(gè)值
> db.persion.update({_id: 1}, {$push: {arr: 4}})

> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4 ] }
>

$pushAll

> db.persion.update({_id: 1}, {$pushAll: {arr: [5,6,7]}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ] }
>

$addToSet
如果數(shù)組中有該值則不會(huì)追加

{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ] }
> db.persion.update({_id: 1}, {$addToSet: {arr: 1}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ] }

> db.persion.update({_id: 1}, {$addToSet: {arr: 8}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ] }

$pop

{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
> db.persion.update({_id:1},{$pop:{arr:1}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2 ] }
>


{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
> db.persion.update({_id:1},{$pop:{arr:-1}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 2, 3 ] }
>

$pull

{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
> db.persion.update({_id:1},{$pull:{arr:2}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 3 ] }
>

$pullAll

{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
> db.persion.update({_id:1},{$pullAll:{arr:[2,3]}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1 ] }
>

$rename

{ "_id" : 1, "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
> db.persion.update({_id:1},{$rename:{arr:'arr2'}})
> db.persion.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "arr2" : [ 1 ] }
>

4.高級(jí)查詢

1.指定返回的key

db.[documentName].find({條件}，{key指定})
插入二十條測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)

> for(var i=0;i < 20;i++){
... db.persion.insert({name: 'tom_'+i,age: 24+i,country: (i%2 == 0)?'USA':'China'})
... }

查找country = USA的數(shù)據(jù)且只返回name(mongodb會(huì)默認(rèn)返回_id，這里設(shè)置 _id:0不返還 _id)

> db.persion.find({country:'USA'},{_id:0,name:1})
{ "name" : "tom_0" }
{ "name" : "tom_2" }
{ "name" : "tom_4" }
{ "name" : "tom_6" }
{ "name" : "tom_8" }
{ "name" : "tom_10" }
{ "name" : "tom_12" }
{ "name" : "tom_14" }
{ "name" : "tom_16" }
{ "name" : "tom_18" }
>

2.常用查詢條件

對(duì)比查詢

條件符	功能	示例	說(shuō)明
$gt	>	db.persion.find({age: {$gt: 28}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age大于28的記錄只返回name
$gte	>=	db.persion.find({age: {$gte: 28}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age大于等于28的記錄只返回name
$lt	<	db.persion.find({age: {$lt: 28}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age小于28的記錄
$lte	<=	db.persion.find({age: {$lte: 28}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age小于等于28的記錄
$ne	!=	db.persion.find({country: {$ne: 'USA'}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢country不等于USA的記錄
$eq	=	db.persion.find({country: {$eq: 'USA'}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢country等于USA的記錄
$in	in	db.persion.find({country: {$in: ['USA','China']}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢country包含USA或China的記錄
$nin	not in	db.persion.find({country: {$nin: ['USA','China']}}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢country不包含USA或China的記錄

邏輯查詢

條件符	功能	示例	說(shuō)明
$or	or	db.persion.find({$or: [{age: {$gt: 39}}, {age: {$lt: 28}}]}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age大于39或者age小于28的記錄
$nor	not or	db.persion.find({$nor: [{age: {$gt: 39}}, {age: {$lt: 28}}]}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age小于等于39且age大于等于28的記錄
$and	and	db.persion.find({$and: [{age: {$lt: 39}}, {age: {$gt: 28}}]}, {_id:0,name: 1})	查詢age大于28且age小于39的記錄等價(jià)于db.persion.find({age: {$gt: 28, $lt: 39}}, { _id:0,name: 1})
$not	not	db.persion.find({age: {$not: {$gt: 28}}}, { _id:0,name: 1})	查詢age不大于28的記錄

數(shù)組查詢

插入測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.insert({book: ['JS','PHP','JAVA']})
> db.persion.insert({book: ['JS','PHP','JAVA','NODEJS']})

條件符	功能	示例	說(shuō)明
$all	查詢數(shù)組包含的	db.persion.find({book:{$all: ['NODEJS']}})	查詢所有集合中book數(shù)組里包含NODEJS的結(jié)果
$size	查詢數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度	db.persion.find({book:{$size: 3}})	查詢所有集合中book數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度為3的結(jié)果
$elemMatch	組合查詢	db.persion.find({book: {$elemMatch: {$in: ['PHP','NODEJS']}}})	查找book中包含PHP或者NODEJS的結(jié)果

分頁(yè)與排序

limit 返回指定數(shù)據(jù)條數(shù)

> db.persion.find({$or: [{country: 'USA'},{country: 'China'}]}).limit(5)

skip返回指定跨度的數(shù)據(jù)
跨越數(shù)據(jù)量大的時(shí)候會(huì)有性能問題

> db.persion.find({$or: [{country: 'USA'},{country: 'China'}]}).limit(5).skip(10)

sort 返回按照key排序的數(shù)據(jù)[1,-1]

> db.persion.find({$or: [{country: 'USA'},{country: 'China'}]}).limit(5).skip(10).sort({age: -1})

游標(biāo)

利用游標(biāo)遍歷數(shù)據(jù)

var persions = db.persion.find();
while(persions.hasNext()) {
    obj = persions.next();
    print(obj.name)
}

查詢快照

> db.persion.find({$query: {name: 'tom_1'}, $snapshot: true})

高級(jí)查詢選項(xiàng)

$query
$orderby
$maxsan: integer最多掃描文檔數(shù)
$min: doc查詢開始
$max: doc查詢結(jié)束
$hint: doc使用哪個(gè)索引
$explain: boolean 統(tǒng)計(jì)
$snapshot: boolean 一致快照

[obj1, obj2, obj3, obj4]
游標(biāo)讀取時(shí)obj1->obj2 當(dāng)讀取到obj2時(shí)對(duì)obj2進(jìn)行操作導(dǎo)致obj占用空間變大mongodb會(huì)將它放到最后此時(shí)排列為： [obj1, obj3, obj4, obj2]
游標(biāo)接下去讀取將會(huì)讀到obj4此時(shí)obj3就漏讀了使用快照可以避免這個(gè)問題

3.索引

建立索引1正序-1倒敘
數(shù)量級(jí)大時(shí)提升查詢時(shí)間但會(huì)影響插入時(shí)間

> db.persion.ensureIndex({age: 1},{background: true}) //后臺(tái)執(zhí)行

建立索引并指定索引名稱

> db.persion.ensureIndex({age: 1}, {name: 'ageIndex'})

唯一索引（不能插入重復(fù)值）

> db.persion.ensureIndex({age: 1}, {unique: true})

剔除重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.ensureIndex({age: 1}, {unique: true，dropDups: true})

查詢時(shí)指定索引

> db.persion.find({name: 'tom'}).hint({age: -1})

查看查詢信息

> db.persion.find({name: 'tom'}).expain()

查看索引

> db.system.indexes.find()
> db.system.namespaces.find()

刪除索引

> db.runCommand({dropIndexes: 'age', index: 'ageIndex'})
> db.runCommand({dropIndexes: 'age', index: '*'})

4.空間索引(2D索引)

測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)插入data中的每一條數(shù)據(jù)

var data = [
    key: {
        x: 0,
        y: 0
    },
    key: {
        x: 10,
        y: 15,
    },
    ....
    {
        x: 200,
        y: 300
    }
]

> db.map.ensureIndex({key: '2d', {min: -1, max: 200})

建立空間索引后查詢距離(50, 100)最近的三個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)

> db.map.find({key: {$near: [50, 100]}}).limit(3)

查詢(50, 50)點(diǎn)和(200,200)點(diǎn)為對(duì)角線的正方形中所有的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)

> db.map.find({key:{$widthin: {$box: [[50,50],[200,200]]}}})

查詢已(100,120)為圓心50為半徑內(nèi)部的所有點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)

> db.map.find({key: {$widthin: {$center: [[100,120],50]}}})

5.聚合(aggregate)

MongoDB中聚合主要用于處理數(shù)據(jù)(諸如統(tǒng)計(jì)平均值,求和等)，并返回計(jì)算后的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果。

 db.[documentName].aggregate(聚合選項(xiàng))

插入測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)

var data = [
    {
        name: 'tom',
        age: 22,
        favorite: ['JAVA', 'NODE', 'MONGO', 'GO']
    },
    {
        name: 'jack',
        age: 26,
        favorite: ['PHP', 'MONGO', 'GO']
    },
    {
        name: 'bill',
        age: 23,
        favorite: ['PYTHON', 'RUBY', 'MYSQL', 'GO','ANDROID']
    },
    {
        name: 'james',
        age: 23,
        favorite: ['PHP', 'MONGO', 'GO']
    }
]
for(var i = 0;i < data.length; i++) {
    db.persion.insert(data[i])
}

條件符	功能	示例	說(shuō)明
$sum	求和	db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$age', num_total: {$sum: '$age'}}}])	以age為_id求所有age相同的數(shù)據(jù)中age的總和
$avg	平均值	db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', avg: {$avg: '$age'}}}])	以favorite為_id求所有favorite相同的人的age平均值
$min	集合中最小值	db.presion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', min: {$min: '$age'}}}])	以favorite為_id求favorite相同的人里age最小的
$max	集合中最小值	db.presion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', max: {$max: '$age'}}}])	以favorite為_id求favorite相同的人里age最小的
$push	在結(jié)果文檔中插入值到一個(gè)數(shù)組中	db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', _age: {$push: '$age'}}}])	統(tǒng)計(jì)所有favorite相同的人的age存入_age數(shù)組中
$addToSet	在結(jié)果文檔中插入值到一個(gè)數(shù)組中，但不創(chuàng)建副本	db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', _age: {$addToSet: '$age'}}}])	統(tǒng)計(jì)所有favorite相同的人的age存入_age數(shù)組中,如果_age數(shù)組已存在相同的值則不會(huì)存入
$first	根據(jù)資源文檔的排序獲取第一個(gè)文檔數(shù)據(jù)	db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', first_name: {$first: '$name'}}}])	相同favorite中第一個(gè)出現(xiàn)的人的name
$last	根據(jù)資源文檔的排序獲取第一個(gè)文檔數(shù)據(jù)	db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', first_name: {$last: '$name'}}}])	相同favorite中最后個(gè)出現(xiàn)的人的name

$sum

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$age', num_total: {$sum: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : 23, "num_total" : 46 } //23出現(xiàn)兩次總和是46
{ "_id" : 26, "num_total" : 26 }
{ "_id" : 22, "num_total" : 22 }
>

$avg

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', avg: {$avg: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "avg" : 22 }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "avg" : 24.5 }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "avg" : 23 }
>

$min

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', min: {$min: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "min" : 22 }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "min" : 23 }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "min" : 23 }

$max

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', max: {$max: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "max" : 22 }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "max" : 26 }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "max" : 23 }
>

$push
再插入一條測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.insert({
    name: 'jam',
    age: 26,
    favorite: ['PHP', 'MONGO', 'GO'],
    _age: [23],
})

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', _age: {$push: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 22 ] }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 26, 23, 26 ] }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "_age" : [ 23 ] }
>

$addToSet

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', _age: {$addToSet: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 22 ] }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 23, 26 ] }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "_age" : [ 23 ] }
>

$first

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', first_name: {$first: '$name'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "first_name" : "tom" }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "first_name" : "jack" }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "first_name" : "bill" }
>

$last

> db.persion.aggregate([{$group: {_id: '$favorite', first_name: {$last: '$name'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ], "first_name" : "tom" }
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "first_name" : "jam" }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "first_name" : "bill" }
>

管道

聚合管道：將當(dāng)命令前輸出的結(jié)果作為下一個(gè)命令的參數(shù) 管道操作可以重復(fù)
表達(dá)式：處理輸入文檔并輸出。表達(dá)式是無(wú)狀態(tài)的，只能用于計(jì)算當(dāng)前聚合管道的文檔，不能處理其它的文檔。
常用操作：

$project 修改輸入文檔的結(jié)構(gòu)?？梢杂脕?lái)重命名、增加或刪除域，也可以用于創(chuàng)建計(jì)算結(jié)果以及嵌套文檔
$match 用于過濾數(shù)據(jù)，只輸出符合條件的文檔。$match使用MongoDB的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)查詢操作
$limit 用來(lái)限制MongoDB聚合管道返回的文檔數(shù)
$skip 在聚合管道中跳過指定數(shù)量的文檔，并返回余下的文檔
$unwind 將文檔中的某一個(gè)數(shù)組類型字段拆分成多條，每條包含數(shù)組中的一個(gè)值
$group 將集合中的文檔分組，可用于統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果
$sort 將輸入文檔排序后輸出

$project
值查找顯示name和age屬性

> db.persion.aggregate({$project: {name: 1, age: 1}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7d"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 22 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7e"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d80"), "name" : "james", "age" : 23 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dc2db3a8a0d47b8ee6d81"), "name" : "jam", "age" : 26 }

$match
先匹配age大于22的數(shù)據(jù) 然后用這些數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)favorite相同的人中出現(xiàn)的年齡數(shù)

> db.persion.aggregate([{$match: {age: {$gt: 22}}}, {$group: {_id: '$favorite', _age: {$push: '$age'}}}])
{ "_id" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 26, 23, 26 ] }
{ "_id" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ], "_age" : [ 23 ] }
>

$skip
跨過前兩條數(shù)據(jù)

> db.persion.aggregate({$skip: 2})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d80"), "name" : "james", "age" : 23, "favorite" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dc2db3a8a0d47b8ee6d81"), "name" : "jam", "age" : 26, "favorite" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 23 ] }
>

$unwind
將favorite拆開

> db.persion.aggregate([{$unwind: '$favorite'}])
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7d"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 22, "favorite" : "JAVA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7d"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 22, "favorite" : "NODE" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7d"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 22, "favorite" : "MONGO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7d"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 22, "favorite" : "GO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7e"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 26, "favorite" : "PHP" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7e"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 26, "favorite" : "MONGO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7e"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 26, "favorite" : "GO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "PYTHON" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "RUBY" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "MYSQL" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "GO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "ANDROID" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d80"), "name" : "james", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "PHP" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d80"), "name" : "james", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "MONGO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d80"), "name" : "james", "age" : 23, "favorite" : "GO" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dc2db3a8a0d47b8ee6d81"), "name" : "jam", "age" : 26, "favorite" : "PHP", "_age" : [ 23 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dc2db3a8a0d47b8ee6d81"), "name" : "jam", "age" : 26, "favorite" : "MONGO", "_age" : [ 23 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dc2db3a8a0d47b8ee6d81"), "name" : "jam", "age" : 26, "favorite" : "GO", "_age" : [ 23 ] }
>

$group
略...
$sort
按照年齡排序 1正序-1倒序

> db.persion.aggregate([{$sort: {age: 1}}])
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7d"), "name" : "tom", "age" : 22, "favorite" : [ "JAVA", "NODE", "MONGO", "GO" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7f"), "name" : "bill", "age" : 23, "favorite" : [ "PYTHON", "RUBY", "MYSQL", "GO", "ANDROID" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d80"), "name" : "james", "age" : 23, "favorite" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dbb6a3a8a0d47b8ee6d7e"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 26, "favorite" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a6dc2db3a8a0d47b8ee6d81"), "name" : "jam", "age" : 26, "favorite" : [ "PHP", "MONGO", "GO" ], "_age" : [ 23 ] }
>

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MongoDB使用

MongoDB使用

1.下載安裝

2.mongodb基本操作

1.查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)列表

2.選擇或創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)入

3.增加插入數(shù)據(jù) (create)

4.查看庫(kù)中的集合

5.查看剛剛添加的集合中內(nèi)容 (retrieve)

6.更新數(shù)據(jù)(update)

7.刪除(delete)

8.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)命名規(guī)范

3.mongodb高級(jí)操作

1.直接執(zhí)行javascript

2.update參數(shù)

3.修改器

4.高級(jí)查詢

1.指定返回的key

2.常用查詢條件

對(duì)比查詢

邏輯查詢

數(shù)組查詢

分頁(yè)與排序

游標(biāo)

查詢快照

3.索引

4.空間索引(2D索引)

5.聚合(aggregate)

管道

友情鏈接更多精彩內(nèi)容

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MongoDB使用

1.下載安裝

2.mongodb基本操作

1.查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)列表

2.選擇或創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)入

3.增加插入數(shù)據(jù) (create)

4.查看庫(kù)中的集合

5.查看剛剛添加的集合中內(nèi)容 (retrieve)

6.更新數(shù)據(jù)(update)

7.刪除(delete)

8.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)命名規(guī)范

3.mongodb高級(jí)操作

1.直接執(zhí)行javascript

2.update參數(shù)

3.修改器

4.高級(jí)查詢

1.指定返回的key

2.常用查詢條件

對(duì)比查詢

邏輯查詢

數(shù)組查詢

分頁(yè)與排序

游標(biāo)

查詢快照

3.索引

4.空間索引(2D索引)

5.聚合(aggregate)

管道

友情鏈接更多精彩內(nèi)容

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