title: hermaphrod
date: 2018-11-09 09:15:30
NO_sents: 554
NO_references: 112

hermaphrodism
hermaphrodite
ermaphrodites
hermaphroditic
hermaphroditical
hermaphroditism
hermaphrodititic
hermaphroditum
hermaphroditus
hermaphrodity
hermaphrodytic

• Brooding【incubate, hatch】 of developing embryos is widely distributed throughout the gastr.o.pods, as are spor.adic occurrences of hermaphrodism. (Church, Bottjer, 2013)
• The majority of tree species are mono.e.cious or hermaphrodite, at least partly self-compatible, and the occurrence of self-fertilization events is one of the most frequent departures from half-sib assumptions in natural populations. (Gauzere et al., 2013)
• In models assuming an initially inbreeding hermaphrodite population , the "cost of outcrossing" is lowered when the population into which a selfing allele is introduced is itself somewhat inbred, so that the more inbred a population is, the lower the selective advantage of a given increase in selfing rate ( 1 6, 66, 87). (Charlesworth, Charlesworth, 1987)
• Darwin (36) pointed out that: "As we must assume that cross-fertilization was assured before an hermaphrodite could be changed into a dioecious plant, we may conclude that the conversion has not been effected for the sake of gaining the great benefits which follow from cross fertil ization . (Charlesworth, Charlesworth, 1987)
• Di.oecious plants may have evolved from hermaphrodite ancestors [29]. (Jia et al., 2015)
• Dioecious plants with separate male and female individuals are found in only 6 % of the 240,000 angiosperm species, and probably evolved recently from hermaphrodite ancestors [30]. (Jia et al., 2015)
• Recently, in the study of papaya, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed by sequencing the sex chromosomes [36], and then the X and hermaphrodite-specific region of the Yh chromosome (HSY) were sequenced, with the results supporting the model of early sex chromosome evolution [37]. (Jia et al., 2015)
• This is a kind of polymorphism in which hermaphrodite flowers of the same species have different morphologies, furthering outcrossing and reducing inbreeding. (Church, Bottjer, 2013)
• In its native range, Fallopia japonica bears female and hermaphrodite flowers on separate individuals. (Church, Bottjer, 2013)
• Heritable body size mediates apparent life-history trade-offs in a simultaneous hermaphrodite. (Hansen, P錕斤拷labon, Houle, 2011)