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摘要: 從頭開始手把手教你新建一個SoapUI Project.

重點看是如何操作Excel中的Properties，以及錯誤Result Report。

關鍵詞：SoapUI接口測試，接口自動化測試，數(shù)據驅動測試，SoapUI進階使用， Groovy in SoapUI, SoapUI中Groovy的使用，數(shù)據分離。

閱讀這篇文章需要一定的SoapUI基礎，至少入過門，另外還需要一些Groovy的知識，當然如果你會java 也可以，這里用到的Groovy知識和Java很類似。

另外，本文的思路和我上一篇文章<零成本實現(xiàn)接口自動化測試 – Java+TestNG 測試Restful service>很相似，只不過把Java+TestNG的組合換成了SoapUI+Groovy, 另外測試對象也換成了基于Soap的web service，依舊用Excel來管理數(shù)據，做到數(shù)據分離。

由于我用到的SoapUI是免費版本，相比Pro版，少很多的功能，像DataLoop之類的，所以只能通過Groovy寫一些腳本來做數(shù)據驅動的測試。

1. 首先打開SoapUI, 新建一個Workspace 名為Demo

2. 然后點擊File->New soapUI Project

3. 然后輸入你的Project Name，?WSDL 地址點擊OK

4.輸入服務的用戶名密碼點擊OK

5. 項目工程建好了

6. 右擊ServicePort 建立TestSuite

以其中一個接口為例來生成用例

輸入TestSuite name 然后確認工程結構如下

7. 通過右擊TestCase -> Add Step ?增加 Groovy Script 和 Properties

增加四個Groovy Script, 并且命名成 Start, Process, Check Response, End

增加5個 Properties, 并且命名成Input, Baseline, Output, Result, fieldResult

調整它們的順序，最后形成下圖的工程目錄結構

8. Start腳本主要創(chuàng)建log文件

/*Check the log file, create folder and file if necessary*/

import java.io.*;

def cal = Calendar.instance;

def sysdate = cal.getTime();

def Y = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);

def M = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1;

def D = cal.get(Calendar.DATE);

if (D<10) D = "0"+D;

if (M<10) M = "0"+M;

date = Y+"-"+M+"-"+D;

time=sysdate.toString().replaceAll(':','-')

def testSuites=testRunner.testCase.getTestSuite();

def testcase = testRunner.testCase;

def logFolder = new File(context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}'));

def responseLogName = (context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}')+date+'\\'+testSuites.name+' - '+ testcase.name +' - ' + time+".log");

def responseDetailLogName = (context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}')+date+'\\'+testSuites.name+' - ' + testcase.name +' - ' + time + " Response Detail.log");

def responseLogFile = new File(responseLogName);

def responseDetailLogFile = new File(responseDetailLogName);

def subFolder= new File (context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}')+date+'\\')

/*Set date and Log Name to Project - Testcase Properties*/

testcase.setPropertyValue('date', date);

testcase.setPropertyValue('LogFile - Check Response', responseLogName);

testcase.setPropertyValue('LogFile - Response Detail', responseDetailLogName);

if(!logFolder.exists()){

? ? logFolder.mkdirs();

? ? }

if(!subFolder.exists()){

? ? subFolder.mkdirs();

? ? }

/*Check the file, create a new one if not found*/

if(!responseLogFile.exists()){

? ? responseLogFile.createNewFile();

? ? }

responseLogFile.append("---------------Test Start on "+sysdate+" ------------------------"+'\n');

if(!responseDetailLogFile.exists()){

? ? responseDetailLogFile.createNewFile();

? ? }

responseDetailLogFile.append("---------------Test Start on "+sysdate+" ------------------------"+'\n');

9. Process腳本是整個工程的核心，讀取Excel數(shù)據文件的Input, Baseline 放入二維數(shù)組，然后循環(huán)讀入Input和Baseline這兩個Properties, 調用request, 取到Ouput和Result?Properties的值放入Output, Result數(shù)組，最后更新Excel的Output, Result, Comparison sheet。

import java.io.*;

import jxl.*;

import java.text.DecimalFormat;

def readInput(workbook,inputSheetName)

{? ?

? ? Sheet sheet=workbook.getSheet(inputSheetName);

? ? rows = sheet.getRows();

? ? columns = sheet.getColumns();

/*Get content into array*/

? ? input = new Object [columns][rows]

? ? for (a=0;a

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? for (b=0;b

? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? input[a][b]= sheet.getCell(a,b).getContents();

? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

}

def readBaseline(workbook,sheetName)

{? ?

? ? Sheet sheet=workbook.getSheet(sheetName);

? ? Rows = sheet.getRows();

? ? Columns = sheet.getColumns();

/*Get content into array*/

? ? baseline = new Object [Columns][Rows]

? ? for (a=0;a

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? for (b=0;b

? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? baseline[a][b]= sheet.getCell(a,b).getContents();

? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

}

def updateOutput(writableWorkbook,sheetName,start_row,rows,columnNo,result,resultTag){

? ? ? ? Sheet[] sheet= writableWorkbook.getSheets();

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.getSheet(sheetName);

? ? ? ? if(ws==null){

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.createSheet(sheetName,sheet.length)

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? for (a=0;a

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,0,result[a][0]));

? ? ? ? ? ? for (b=start_row;b

? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wc = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat();

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? if (resultTag[a][b]=='PASS')? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.WHITE);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,b,result[a][b],wc));

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? else if(resultTag[a][b]=='FAIL'){

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.RED);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,b,result[a][b],wc));

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

}

def updateResult(writableWorkbook,sheetName,start_row,rows,columnNo,result){

? ? ? ? Sheet[] sheet= writableWorkbook.getSheets();

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.getSheet(sheetName);

? ? ? ? if(ws==null){

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.createSheet(sheetName,sheet.length)

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? for (a=0;a

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,0,result[a][0]));

? ? ? ? ? ? for (b=start_row;b

? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? wcf = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat();

? ? ? ? ? ? ? wcf.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.RED);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? if(result[a][b] == 'FAIL'){

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,b,result[a][b],wcf));

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }? ? else? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,b,result[a][b]));

? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? wc = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat();

? ? ? ? ? wcc = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat();

? ? ? ? ? wc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.GRAY_25);

? ? ? ? ? wcc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.LIGHT_TURQUOISE);

? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(0,rows-3,result[0][rows-3],wcc));?

? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(0,rows-2,result[0][rows-2],wc));

? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(0,rows-1,result[0][rows-1],wc));

}

def updateComparison(writableWorkbook,sheetName,start_row,rows,columnNo,output,outputTag,result,baseline){

? ? ? ? Sheet[] sheet= writableWorkbook.getSheets();

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.getSheet(sheetName);

? ? ? ? if(ws==null){

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.createSheet(sheetName,sheet.length)

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? for (a=0;a

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,0,output[a][0]));

? ? ? ? ? ? x= 1;

? ? ? ? ? ? for (b=start_row;b

? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? if(result[1][b] == 'FAIL'){

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wc = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat();

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? if (outputTag[a][b]=='PASS')? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.WHITE);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,x,output[a][b],wc));? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? else {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.RED);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,x,output[a][b],wc));

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wbc = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat();

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? wbc.setBackground(jxl.format.Colour.ICE_BLUE);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(a,x+1,baseline[a][b],wbc));

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? x+=2;

? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

}

def removeSheetByName(writableWorkbook, name){

? ? ? ? Sheet[] sheet= writableWorkbook.getSheets();? ?

? ? ? ? ws = writableWorkbook.getSheet(name);

? ? ? ? if(ws != null){

? ? ? ? ? ? for (i = 0; i < sheet.length; i++) {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? sheetName = writableWorkbook.getSheet(i).getName();? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? if (sheetName.equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? writableWorkbook.removeSheet(i);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

}

def setProperties(Name,Value,Place)

{? ?

? ? name = Name;

? ? target = testRunner.testCase.getTestStepByName(Place);

? ? target.setPropertyValue(name,Value);

? ? }

def cleanProperty(PropertyListName)

{

? ? ? ? PropertyList = testRunner.testCase.getTestStepByName(PropertyListName);

? ? ? ? size=PropertyList.getPropertyCount();

? ? ? ? if (size!=0)

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? for (i=0;i

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? PropertyList.removeProperty(PropertyList.getPropertyAt(0).name);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? }

}

def logFile = new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Check Response}'));

def xlsName = context.expand('${#TestCase#Workbook}');

def project = testRunner.testCase.getTestSuite().getProject();

def testSuite = testRunner.testCase.getTestSuite();

def testcase = testRunner.testCase

def requests = testcase.getTestStepsOfType( com.eviware.soapui.impl.wsdl.teststeps.WsdlTestRequestStep.class )

def request = requests[0];

inputSheetName = "Input";

baselineSheet = "Baseline";

outputSheet = "Output";

resultSheet = "Result";

fieldResult = testcase.getTestStepByName('fieldResult');

ComparisonSheet = "Comparison";

Baseline = testcase.getTestStepByName(baselineSheet);

baselineSize = Baseline.getPropertyCount();

Output = testcase.getTestStepByName(outputSheet);

def cal = Calendar.instance;

def sysdate = cal.getTime();

sleepTime=context.expand('${#Project#sleepTime}').toInteger()

try{? ?

? ? ? Workbook workbook=Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(xlsName));

? ? ? cleanProperty(inputSheetName);

? ? ? readInput(workbook,inputSheetName);

? ? for (i=0;i

? ? {

? ? ? setProperties(input[i][0],'',inputSheetName)

? ? }

? ? ? cleanProperty(baselineSheet);

? ? ? readBaseline(workbook,baselineSheet);

? ? for (i=0;i

? ? {

? ? ? setProperties(baseline[i][0],'',baselineSheet)

? ? }

? ? ? workbook.close();

}catch(Exception e){

? ? ? e.printStackTrace();

}

/*-----------Set runSelect as 'true' in Project property to run selected test cases from startTag till endTag-------*/

def runSelected = context.expand('${#Project#runSelected}')

start_Test=1;

end_Test=rows-1;

def passNumbers = 0;

def decFormat = new DecimalFormat("##.00%");

if ('true'.equalsIgnoreCase(runSelected))

{

? ? startTag=context.expand('${#Project#startTag}').toInteger();

? ? endTag=context.expand('${#Project#endTag}').toInteger();

? ? if((0=startTag)&&(rows>endTag)){

? ? start_Test=startTag;

? ? end_Test=endTag;

? ? }

}

? ? result = new Object [2][rows+3]

? ? result[0][0]='Case Description';

? ? result[1][0]='Result'

? ? result[0][rows+1]='Start Time:';

? ? result[1][rows+1]=sysdate.toString();

/*--New object and put the output name and value into this list--*/

? ? output = new Object [baselineSize][rows]

? ? outputTag = new Object [baselineSize][rows]

? ? for (i=0;i

? ? {

? ? ? ? output[i][0]= Baseline.getPropertyAt(i).name;

? ? ? ? outputTag[i][0]= 'PASS';

? ? ? ? }

? ? for (m=start_Test;m<=end_Test;m++)

? ? {

? ? ? ? logFile.append('\n'+ testcase.name + ": "+m+" "+ ". "+sysdate+'\n');

? ? ? ? for (i=0;i

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(input[i][0],input[i][m],inputSheetName)

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? for (j=0;j

? ? ? ? {? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(baseline[j][0],baseline[j][m],baselineSheet)

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? testRunner.runTestStepByName(request.name);

? ? ? ? Thread.sleep(sleepTime);

? ? ? ? testRunner.runTestStepByName("Check Response");

? ? ? ? result[0][m]=context.expand('${'+inputSheetName+'#Case Description}')

? ? ? ? result[1][m]=context.expand('${'+resultSheet+'#result}')

? ? ? ? if(result[1][m] == 'PASS'){

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? passNumbers++;

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? for (i=0;i

? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? output[i][m]= Output.getPropertyAt(i).value;

? ? ? ? ? ? outputTag[i][m]= fieldResult.getPropertyAt(i).value;

? ? ? ? }

}

? ? ? ? ? result[0][rows+2]='End Time:';

? ? ? ? ? result[1][rows+2]=sysdate.toString();

? ? ? ? ? result[0][rows]='Pass Percentage:';

? ? ? ? ? passPercentage = decFormat.format(passNumbers/(end_Test-start_Test+1));

? ? ? ? ? result[1][rows] = passPercentage

/*--------------Update Output, Result, Comparison sheet---------*/

? ? try{

? ? ? ? workbook = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(xlsName));

? ? ? ? writableWorkbook =? Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(xlsName), workbook);

? ? ? ? updateOutput(writableWorkbook,outputSheet,start_Test,end_Test+1,baselineSize,output,outputTag);

? ? ? ? updateResult(writableWorkbook,resultSheet,start_Test,rows+3,2,result);

? ? ? ? removeSheetByName(writableWorkbook,ComparisonSheet);

? ? ? ? if(passPercentage != '100.00%'){

? ? ? ? ? ? ? updateComparison(writableWorkbook,ComparisonSheet,start_Test,end_Test+1,baselineSize,output,outputTag,result,baseline);

? ? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? writableWorkbook.write();

? ? ? ? writableWorkbook.close();?

? ? ? ? workbook.close();

? ? ? ? }catch(Exception e){

? ? ? ? ? ? e.printStackTrace();

? ? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? setProperties('passPercentage', passPercentage ,'Result');

? ? ? ? testRunner.gotoStepByName('End');

10. Check Response 顧名思義，用來檢查返回結果，通過XmlHolder getNodeValue 來取response各節(jié)點的值，并且填入Output Properties已作對比之用。

import java.lang.*;

import java.util.*;

import groovy.lang.*;

import groovy.util.*;

import com.eviware.soapui.support.XmlHolder

baselineSheet = "Baseline";

outputSheet = "Output";

resultSheet = "Result";

def testcase = testRunner.testCase;

Baseline = testcase.getTestStepByName(baselineSheet)

baselineSize = Baseline.getPropertyCount();

Output = testcase.getTestStepByName(outputSheet);

def requests = testcase.getTestStepsOfType( com.eviware.soapui.impl.wsdl.teststeps.WsdlTestRequestStep.class )

def request = requests[0];

def response = request.testRequest.response;

respXmlHolder = new XmlHolder(response.contentAsXml)

//declare namespace in xml response

respXmlHolder.declareNamespace("ns1", "http://schemas.xxx.com/v201203/yourservice")

def statusCode = request.testRequest.response.responseHeaders["#status#"].toString();

def setProperties(Name,Value,Place){? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? name = Name;

? ? ? target = testRunner.testCase.getTestStepByName(Place);

? ? ? target.setPropertyValue(name,Value);

}

def getspecifiedValue(field){

? ? ? prefix = "http://ns1:";

? ? ? nodePath = "${prefix}${field}"

? ? ? specifiedValue = respXmlHolder.getNodeValue("${nodePath}")

}

testRunner.testCase.getTestStepByName(outputSheet).clearPropertyValues();

//normal output, status = '200 OK'

if(statusCode.contains('200 OK')){

? ? ? for (i=1;i

? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? specifiedName = Baseline.getPropertyAt(i).name;

? ? ? ? ? ? ? specifiedValue = getspecifiedValue(specifiedName);

? ? ? ? ? ? ? if(specifiedValue != null){

? ? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(specifiedName,specifiedValue,outputSheet)

? ? ? ? ? ? ? } else? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(specifiedName,'',outputSheet)

? ? ? ? ? ? ? }? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? }

} else

? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? setProperties(Baseline.getPropertyAt(0).name,Baseline.getPropertyAt(0).value,outputSheet);

? ? ? ? setProperties(Baseline.getPropertyAt(1).name,statusCode,outputSheet);

? ? ? ? ? for(t=2; t

? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(Baseline.getPropertyAt(t).name, '' ,outputSheet);?

? ? ? }

}

setProperties(Baseline.getPropertyAt(0).name,Baseline.getPropertyAt(0).value,outputSheet);

setProperties('result','PASS', resultSheet);

logFile = new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Check Response}'));

responseDetailLogFile= new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Response Detail}'));

logFile.append(" ------? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Start Response Check "+ " @ "+Calendar.instance.getTime()+"\n");

responseDetailLogFile.append("\n"+ testcase.name + " -- " + Baseline.getPropertyAt(0).value+ "\n" + response+"\n");

/*--------Compare the result with Baseline and update the result accordingly---------*/

for (i=0;i

{

? ? ? ? if (Baseline.getPropertyAt(i).value==Output.getPropertyAt(i).value)

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(Baseline.getPropertyAt(i).name,'PASS','fieldResult');

? ? ? }

? ? ? ? ? ? ? else

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties(Baseline.getPropertyAt(i).name,'FAIL','fieldResult');

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? setProperties('result','FAIL','Result');

? ? ? ? }

}

11. End腳本在log上打時間戳

def cal = Calendar.instance;

def sysdate = cal.getTime();

responseLogFile = new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Check Response}'));

responseDetailLogFile= new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Response Detail}'));

responseLogFile.append('\n'+ "---------------Test End on " + sysdate.toString() + " ------------------------"+'\n');

responseDetailLogFile.append('\n'+ "---------------Test End on " + sysdate.toString() + " ------------------------"+'\n');