Ansible 常用參數(shù)說明

使用ansible -h命令就可以列出所有的命令參數(shù)，下面列舉了常用的一些參數(shù)。

使用示例

-i示例

[root@centos7 ~]# cat hosts
[apache]
172.20.21.121
172.20.21.123

[nginx]
172.20.21.120
172.20.21.121

[servers:children]
apache
nginx

[servers:vars]
ansible_ssh_user='root'
ansible_ssh_pass='123456'

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible -i hosts apache --list-hosts
  hosts (2):
    172.20.21.121
    172.20.21.123

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible -i hosts apache -m ping -o
172.20.21.123 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}

-k示例

不指定module，默認(rèn)將使用command。

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible -i hosts apache -k -o -a "echo hello"
SSH password: 
172.20.21.123 | SUCCESS | rc=0 | (stdout) hello
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS | rc=0 | (stdout) hello

ansible-doc -s取得更詳細(xì)信息

希望知道更加詳細(xì)的module的信息，最好的方法是使用ansible自帶的ansible-doc的-s選項(xiàng)。

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible-doc -s raw
- name: Executes a low-down and dirty SSH command
  raw:
      executable:            # change the shell used to execute the command. Should be an absolute path
                               to the executable. when using privilege
                               escalation (`become'), a default shell
                               will be assigned if one is not provided as
                               privilege escalation requires a shell.
      free_form:             # (required) the raw module takes a free form command to run. There is no
                               parameter actually named 'free form'; see
                               the examples!

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible-doc -s expect
- name: Executes a command and responds to prompts.
  expect:
      chdir:                 # Change into this directory before running the command.
      command:               # (required) The command module takes command to run.
      creates:               # A filename, when it already exists, this step will *not* be run.
      echo:                  # Whether or not to echo out your response strings.
      removes:               # A filename, when it does not exist, this step will *not* be run.
      responses:             # (required) Mapping of expected string/regex and string to respond with.
                               If the response is a list, successive
                               matches return successive responses. List
                               functionality is new in 2.1.
      timeout:               # Amount of time in seconds to wait for the expected strings.

所有命令參數(shù)

[root@localhost ~]# ansible -h
Usage: ansible <host-pattern> [options]

Options:
  -a MODULE_ARGS, --args=MODULE_ARGS    模塊的參數(shù),如果執(zhí)行默認(rèn)COMMAND的模塊，即是命令參數(shù),如：“date”,"pwd"等等
                        module arguments    模塊參數(shù)
  -k, --ask-pass        ask for SSH password  登錄密碼，提示輸入SSH密碼而不是假設(shè)基于密鑰的驗(yàn)證
  --ask-su-pass         ask for su password    su切換密碼
  -K, --ask-sudo-pass   ask for sudo password  提示密碼使用sudo,sudo表示提權(quán)操作
  --ask-vault-pass      ask for vault password
  -B SECONDS, --background=SECONDS     后臺(tái)運(yùn)行超時(shí)時(shí)間
                        run asynchronously, failing after X seconds
                        (default=N/A)
  -C, --check           don't make any changes; instead, try to predict some    只是測試一下會(huì)改變什么內(nèi)容，不會(huì)真正去執(zhí)行;相反,試圖預(yù)測一些可能發(fā)生的變化
                        of the changes that may occur
  -c CONNECTION, --connection=CONNECTION   連接類型使用?？赡艿倪x項(xiàng)是paramiko(SSH),SSH和地方。當(dāng)?shù)刂饕怯糜赾rontab或啟動(dòng)。
                        connection type to use (default=smart)
  -f FORKS, --forks=FORKS   并行任務(wù)數(shù)。NUM被指定為一個(gè)整數(shù),默認(rèn)是5
                        specify number of parallel processes to use
                        (default=5)
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit   打開幫助文檔API
  -i INVENTORY, --inventory-file=INVENTORY    指定庫存主機(jī)文件的路徑,默認(rèn)為/etc/ansible/hosts
                        specify inventory host file
                        (default=/etc/ansible/hosts)
  -l SUBSET, --limit=SUBSET    進(jìn)一步限制所選主機(jī)/組模式  --limit=192.168.91.135 只對這個(gè)ip執(zhí)行
                        further limit selected hosts to an additional pattern
  --list-hosts          outputs a list of matching hosts; does not execute
                        anything else
  -m MODULE_NAME, --module-name=MODULE_NAME   執(zhí)行模塊的名字，默認(rèn)使用 command 模塊，所以如果是只執(zhí)行單一命令可以不用 -m參數(shù)
                        module name to execute (default=command)
  -M MODULE_PATH, --module-path=MODULE_PATH    要執(zhí)行的模塊的路徑，默認(rèn)為/usr/share/ansible/
                        specify path(s) to module library
                        (default=/usr/share/ansible/)
  -o, --one-line        condense output      壓縮輸出，摘要輸出.嘗試一切都在一行上輸出。
  -P POLL_INTERVAL, --poll=POLL_INTERVAL    調(diào)查背景工作每隔數(shù)秒。需要- b
                        set the poll interval if using -B (default=15)
  --private-key=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE    私鑰路徑，使用這個(gè)文件來驗(yàn)證連接
                        use this file to authenticate the connection
  -S, --su              run operations with su    用 su 命令
  -R SU_USER, --su-user=SU_USER      指定SU的用戶，默認(rèn)是root用戶
                        run operations with su as this user (default=root)
  -s, --sudo            run operations with sudo (nopasswd)    
  -U SUDO_USER, --sudo-user=SUDO_USER    sudo到哪個(gè)用戶，默認(rèn)為 root  
                        desired sudo user (default=root)
  -T TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT    指定SSH默認(rèn)超時(shí)時(shí)間，  默認(rèn)是10S
                        override the SSH timeout in seconds (default=10)
  -t TREE, --tree=TREE  log output to this directory     將日志內(nèi)容保存在該輸出目錄,結(jié)果保存在一個(gè)文件中在每臺(tái)主機(jī)上。
  -u REMOTE_USER, --user=REMOTE_USER    遠(yuǎn)程用戶， 默認(rèn)是root用戶
                        connect as this user (default=root)
  --vault-password-file=VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE  
                        vault password file
  -v, --verbose         verbose mode (-vvv for more, -vvvv to enable    詳細(xì)信息
                        connection debugging)
  --version             show program's version number and exit   輸出ansible的版本

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