day 20
classic & classical?
classic
?adj.[usually?before noun]
1. accepted or deserving to be accepted as one of the best or most important ofits kind??最優(yōu)秀的；第一流的:
?a classic novel / study / goal?最佳小說/論文/進(jìn)球
2. (alsoclas?sic?al) withall the features you would expect to find; very typical??有特點(diǎn)的；有代表性的；典型的:
?aclassic exampleof poor communication?缺乏溝通的典型實(shí)例
3. elegant, but simple and traditional in style or design; not affected bychanges in fashion?? (風(fēng)格或設(shè)計(jì))典雅的,古樸的；傳統(tǒng)的:
?classic design?古樸典雅的設(shè)計(jì)
?classic cars(= cars which are no longer made,?but which are still popular)?古典雅致的老式車
2.clas?sic?al
?adj.[usually?before noun]
1. widely accepted and used for a long time; traditional in style or idea??古典的；經(jīng)典的；傳統(tǒng)的:
?classical and modern ballet?古典與現(xiàn)代芭蕾舞
2. connected with or influenced by the culture of ancient Greece and Rome??和古希臘與古羅馬文化相關(guān)的；受古希臘與古羅馬文化影響的:
?classical studies?古希臘與古羅馬文化的研究
?a classical scholar(= an expert in Latin and Greek)?研究拉丁文與希臘文的學(xué)者
3. (of music音樂)written in a Western musical tradition, usually using an established form (forexample asymphony) and not played on electronic instruments. Classical music isgenerally considered to be serious and to have a lasting value.??古典的:
?aclassical composer / violinist
古典音樂作曲家/小提琴手
4. =classic(2) :
?These are classical examples of food allergy.?這些是食物過敏的典型病例。
3.Those?words rang out across the Internet last week;
ring'out
? to be heard loudly and clearly?清晰可聞；發(fā)出清脆的響聲:
4.hoary
?adj.[usually?before noun]
1. (old-fashioned) very old and well known and therefore no longerinteresting?陳腐的；老掉牙的；陳舊的:
?a hoary old joke?老掉牙的笑話
5.ob?itu?ary
?noun(pl.-ies)?? an article about sb's life and achievements, that is printed in a newspapersoon after they have died??訃聞；訃告
6.lock?out
?noun?? a situation when an employer refuses to allow workers into their place of workuntil they agree to various conditions?閉廠,停工(雇主在工人答應(yīng)各種條件前不準(zhǔn)其入廠等)
7.spasm
2.[C]~ (of sth)asudden strong feeling or reaction that lasts for a short time?(感情或反應(yīng))一陣陣發(fā)作,陣發(fā):
?aspasm of anxiety / anger / coughing / pain, etc.突然一陣焦慮、憤怒、咳嗽、疼痛等
8.Andwhy is the American media so fixated on the supposedly imminent demise of classical music?
fix?ated
?adj.[not?before noun]
?~ (on sb / sth)always thinking and talking about sb / sth in a waythat is not normal??(對(duì)…)異常依戀,固戀
im?mi?nent=?approaching
?adj.
? (especially of sth unpleasant尤指不愉快的事) likely to happen very soon?即將發(fā)生的；臨近的:
?the imminent threat of invasion?迫在眉睫的入侵威脅
de?mise
?noun[sing.]
1. the end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, etc.??終止；失敗；倒閉
2. (formalorhumorous) death??死亡；逝世；一命嗚呼:
?hisimminent / sudden / sad demise?他死到臨頭；他的猝死；他悲慘的死亡
9.Infographic：n.信息圖（information+graphic的組合。）
10.dis?cord
?noun
1.[U](formal) disagreement;arguing??不一致；不和；紛爭(zhēng):
?marital / family discord?夫妻/家庭不和
【OPP】concord
--? compare?harmony(1)
2.[C, U](music音)acombination of musical notes that do not sound pleasant together不協(xié)和和弦
11.This timeline shows just how long the“crisis” in classical music has lasted, and just how superfluous it is to declare 2014 the year the art form kicked the bucket.
su?per?flu?ous
?adj.
? more than you need or want??過剩的；過多的；多余的
【SYN】unnecessary:
?She gave him a look that made words superfluous.?她看了他一眼,這已表明一切,無(wú)須多言了。
Kick the bucket = die
12.There?is a creepy bloodlust to the doom-mongering of classical music, as though an
?autopsy were being conducted on a still-breathing body.
creepy
?adj.(creep?ier,creepi?est)(informal)
1. causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or slight horror?令人毛骨悚然的；令人不寒而栗的
【SYN】scary:
?a creepy ghost story令人毛骨悚然的鬼故事
2. strange in a way that makes you feel nervous??怪異的,離奇的(使人感到緊張):
?What a creepy coincidence.?多么離奇的巧合！
blood?lust
?noun[U]
? a strong desire to kill or be violent??殺戮欲；暴力欲
doom/du:m/
?noun[U]
? death or destruction; any terrible event that you cannot avoid??死亡；毀滅；厄運(yùn)；劫數(shù):
?to meet your doom?死亡
?She hada sense of impending doom(= felt that sth very?bad was going to happen).?她預(yù)感到厄運(yùn)已經(jīng)逼近。
【IDIOMS】
?doom and'gloom|?gloom and'doom
? a general feeling of having lost all hope, and ofpessimism(= expecting things to go badly)
?悲觀失望；無(wú)望；前景暗淡:
?Despite?the obvious setbacks, it is not all doom and gloom for the England team.?盡管明顯進(jìn)攻受挫,但對(duì)英國(guó)隊(duì)來說決非勝利無(wú)望。
?prophet of'doom|?'doom merchant
? a person who predicts that things will go very badly??末日預(yù)言者:
?The?prophets of doom who said television would kill off the book were wrong.
認(rèn)為電視會(huì)扼殺書籍的悲觀預(yù)言家完全錯(cuò)了。
13.Stake
If the stakes are as high as the?life and death of an art form, why not explore the question of why it might be?the case by looking at the actual, lived experiences of those involved?
[sing.]~in sth an important part or share in a business, plan, etc. that is important to you and that you want to be successful? (在公司、計(jì)劃等中的)重大利益,重大利害關(guān)系:
?She has a personal stake in the success of the play.?這出戲成功與否對(duì)她個(gè)人有重大利害關(guān)系。
at stake = in dager
14.sav?agery
?noun[U]
? behaviour that is very cruel and violent??殘暴行為?【SYN】violence:
?The police were shocked by the savagery of the attacks.?警察對(duì)這些慘無(wú)人道的襲擊感到震驚。
15.ma?ni?acal
?adj.
? wild or violent??狂野的；粗暴的:
?maniacal laughter?狂野的笑聲
16.jere?miad
?noun?? (formal)a very long sad complaint or list of complaints??哀訴；訴求清單
17.ab?er?ra?tion/7AbE5reiFn/
?noun[C,U]
? (formal) a fact, an action or a way of behaving that is not usual, andthat may be unacceptable??脫離常規(guī)；反?，F(xiàn)象；異常行為
18.agi?ta?tor/5AdViteitE(r)/
?noun
? (disapproving)a person who tries to persuade people to take part inpolitical protest?? (政治上的)煽動(dòng)者,鼓動(dòng)者
19.bust?
a thing that is not good??蹩腳的東西；沒價(jià)值的事物:
?As a show it was a bust.?作為一場(chǎng)演出,那可不怎么樣。
20.palp?able
?adj.
? that is easily noticed by the mind or the senses??易于察覺的；可意識(shí)到的；明顯的:
?apalpable sense of relief?如釋重負(fù)
?The tension in the room was almost palpable.?屋子里的緊張氣氛幾乎能感覺到。
21.apa?thet?ic/7ApE5Wetik/
?adj.
? showing no interest or enthusiasm??冷漠；淡漠；無(wú)動(dòng)于衷:
?The illness made her apathetic and unwilling to meet?people.?疾病使她冷漠,不愿見人。
22.acu?men
?noun[U]
? the ability to understand and decide things quickly and well??精明；敏銳:
?business / commercial / financial acumen?生意上/商業(yè)上/理財(cái)精明強(qiáng)干
23.pat?ron?age/5pAtrEnidV;5peit-/
?noun[U]
1. the support, especially financial, that is given to a person or anorganization by a?patron??資助；贊助:
?Patronage of the arts comes from businesses and private?individuals.?對(duì)藝術(shù)的資助來自企業(yè)和個(gè)人。
2. the system by which an important person gives help or a job to sb in returnfor their support?? (掌權(quán)者給予提挈以換取支持的)互惠互利
3.(especially NAmE)thesupport that a person gives a shop / store, restaurant, etc. by spending moneythere??惠顧；光顧
24.sit?com(also formal?situation'comedy)
?noun[C,U]
? a regular programme on television that shows the same characters in differentamusing situations??情景喜劇
mock?ery/5mCkEri; NAmE5mB:k-/
?noun
1.[U]comments or actions that are intended to make sb / sthseem ridiculous??嘲笑；愚弄
?She couldn't stand any more of their mockery.?她再也無(wú)法忍受他們的愚弄了。
to kill a mocking bird
【IDIOMS】
25.?make a'mockery of sth
? to make sth seem ridiculous or useless取笑；愚弄；嘲笑:
?The trialmade a mockery of justice.??這次審判是對(duì)正義的嘲弄。
26.pre?ten?tious/pri5tenFEs/
?adj.
? (disapproving)trying to appear important, intelligent, etc. in orderto impress other people; trying to be sth that you are not, in order to impress??炫耀的；虛夸；自命不凡的:
?It was just an ordinary house—nothing pretentious.那只是一座普通的房子,沒有故作特別。
?He's so pretentious!瞧他那副自命不凡的樣兒！
27.blare
?verb
?~ (sth) (out)to make a loud unpleasant noise??發(fā)出響亮而刺耳的聲音:
? [V]
?Music blared out from the open window.?喧鬧的音樂從敞開的窗口傳出。
? [VN]
?The radio was blaring (out) rock music.?收音機(jī)在高聲播放著嘈雜的搖滾樂
28.exalt?ed/i^5zC:ltid/
?adj.
1. (formalorhumorous) of high rank, position or greatimportance??地位高的；高貴的；顯赫的:
?She was the only woman to rise to such an exalted?position.?她是唯一高升到如此顯赫地位的女人。
2. (formal) full of great joy and happiness??興奮的；興高采烈的:
?I felt exalted and newly alive.?我感到興高采烈,充滿新的活力。
29.America, an ascendant?superpower with its own dark history of oppression, found classical music a?useful tool for convincing the world of its cultural prowess.
as?cend?ant(alsoas?cend?ent) /E5sendEnt/
?noun
【IDIOMS】
?in the ascendant
?(formal) being or becoming more powerful or popular
? (權(quán)力、影響等)越來越大；日益受歡迎
30.Today,?we no longer require classical music to flex soft power. Demonsrate its
advantages
31.A?cursory glance at industry reports would show that the market share has hovered
around three per cent since the mid-nineteen-eighties.
32.hover/5hCvE(r); NAmE5hQvEr/
?verb[V ,usually +adv. / prep.]
1. (of birds,helicopters, etc.鳥、直升機(jī)等) to stay in the air in oneplace
?翱翔；盤旋:
?A hawk hovered over the hill.
一只鷹在小山的上空翱翔。
2. (of a person人)to wait somewhere, especially near sb, in a shy or uncertain manner
?躊躇,彷徨(尤指在某人身邊):
?He hovered nervously in the doorway.
他在門口緊張地來回踱步。
3.[+adv. / prep.] tostay close to sth, or to stay in an uncertain state
?靠近(某事物)；處于不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài):
?Temperatures hovered around freezing.
氣溫在冰點(diǎn)上下徘徊。
?He hovered on the edge of consciousness.
他似醒非醒。
?A smile hovered on her lips.
她的嘴上掛著一絲笑容。
33.The?doomsayers also like to cherry-pick a few crisis-ridden institutions and use?them to generalize about the art form itself.
rid?den/5ridn/
?adj.
?(usually in compounds通常構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞)fullof a particular unpleasant thing??充滿(某種不良事物)的；滿是…的:
?a class-ridden society
等級(jí)森嚴(yán)的社會(huì)
?She was ridden with guilt.
她深感歉疚。
34.it?can’t be snuffed out through any combination of bankrupt orchestras and?mediocre album sales.
snuff/snQf/
?verb[VN]
1.~ sth (out)to stop a small flame from burning, especially bypressing it between your fingers or covering it with sth??掐滅,悶熄,熄滅(小火苗)?【SYN】extinguish
snuff?sth∽'out
? to stop or destroy sth completely?扼殺；消滅:
?An innocent child's life has been snuffed out by this?senseless shooting.?這胡亂一槍就要了一個(gè)無(wú)辜孩子的命。
37.American?classical music launched in earnest on Christmas Day of 1815.
earn?est
?adj.
? very serious and sincere??非常認(rèn)真的；誠(chéng)實(shí)的；真誠(chéng)的:
?Despite her earnest efforts, she could not find a job.?盡管她已盡心竭力,但是仍然找不到工作。
?earn?est?nessnoun[U]
【IDIOMS】
in'earnest
1. more seriously and with more force or effort than before?? (更加)嚴(yán)肅地,認(rèn)真地,堅(jiān)定地:
?The workon the house willbegin in earneston Monday.?這棟房子的修建工作將在星期一正式開始。
2. very serious and sincere about what you are saying and about yourintentions; in a way that shows that you are serious??鄭重其事；當(dāng)真:
?I could?tell she spoke in earnest.?我看得出她是鄭重其事地說的。
突然想到了王爾德的小說the importance of being earnest......
day 21 思維導(dǎo)圖
day22 總結(jié)反思
這篇文章一開始被安妮老師說的超級(jí)害怕，以為里面會(huì)包含很多專業(yè)的音樂術(shù)語(yǔ)。但是在解決一些單詞之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章并沒有那么可怕。在讀的過程中，我就在想象要是這個(gè)Van就在作者面前的話，一定會(huì)被作者咄咄逼人的語(yǔ)言和氣勢(shì)壓制得一句話也說不出來。里面很多的諷刺和事實(shí)舉例仿佛一直在啪啪打Van的臉。我印象最深刻的就是作者反駁說classical music is for pretentious snobs的觀點(diǎn)部分，最后一句各種例證甩出來，真的是讓讀者都感到很爽快。
文章結(jié)構(gòu)
這一篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)很清晰，開頭直接提出有人認(rèn)為classical music is dead的觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)而據(jù)三個(gè)例子進(jìn)行反駁。在第二段中作者表示對(duì)古典音樂一直以來的消亡和危機(jī)已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常。第三四段中作者反駁到這些外人根本沒根沒據(jù)、不懂藝術(shù)的根本，胡亂諷刺挖苦。第五段之后便是每小節(jié)一個(gè)中心論點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行反駁與論證。
但是安妮的第二個(gè)邏輯思路的問題卻難倒了我，我能分辨出每個(gè)駁論的要點(diǎn)，但是為什么不把將經(jīng)濟(jì)部分的“資金來源”和“市場(chǎng)份額”放在一起，而要分開呢？我起初是覺得可能是逐漸深入的關(guān)系，看來看去覺得不太對(duì)；又覺得是分為dying和crisis兩個(gè)方面，但這個(gè)區(qū)分也不是很明顯。所以一直感到一頭霧水。
古典音樂
至于古典音樂，我記得安妮發(fā)的TED演講里面，那個(gè)演講者講到一個(gè)失去哥哥的貧苦兒童在聽到肖邦的鋼琴曲之后也會(huì)熱淚盈眶。其實(shí)每個(gè)人都有欣賞音樂的天賦（雖然在這之前我一直覺得自己真的就是音盲），但是我們總是不愿承認(rèn)、沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到。
從個(gè)人而言，要學(xué)會(huì)去欣賞不同種類的音樂吧。如果說“雅俗共賞”是不是又有點(diǎn)偏見？但是就是應(yīng)該古典音樂和流行音樂一同欣賞吧。但這就涉及到一個(gè)問題，如何讓普通人都懂得欣賞古典音樂，而不是只有中上層階級(jí)的人才能？或許我們可以在教育課程體系中加入，或許我們可以一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的去學(xué)習(xí)，最重要的是能有一些公益講座讓大家意識(shí)到這種藝術(shù)的重要性，帶領(lǐng)大家一起學(xué)會(huì)欣賞他的美。
對(duì)美國(guó)的古典音樂如此，那我們中國(guó)的自己的傳統(tǒng)音樂形式呢？仿佛這些道路都是任重而道遠(yuǎn)…...
