強(qiáng)引用循環(huán)

兩個(gè)引用類型實(shí)例之間相互引用。

解決方式

實(shí)例之間的：

1. Weak 引用。適用于一方的引用可為 nil 的情形。

class Person {
    let name: String
    init(name: String) { self.name = name }
    var apartment: Apartment?
}

class Apartment {
    let number: Int
    init(number: Int) { self.number = number }
    weak var tenant: Person?
}

2. Unowned 引用。適用于一方的引用不能為 nil 的情形。

   class Customer {
       let name: String
       var card: CreditCard?
       init(name: String) {
           self.name = name
       }
   }
   
   class CreditCard {
       let number: UInt64
       unowned let customer: Customer
       init(number: UInt64, customer: Customer) {
           self.number = number
           self.customer = customer
       }
   }
   

3. Unowned 引用和隱式解包的可選屬性。適用于雙方的引用都不能為 nil 的情形。

   class Country {
       let name: String
       let capitalCity: City!
       init(name: String, capitalName: String) {
           self.name = name
           self.capitalCity = City(name: capitalName, country: self)
       }
   }
   
   class City {
       let name: String
       unowned let country: Country
       init(name: String, country: Country) {
           self.name = name
           self.country = country
       }
   }
   

閉包的（Capture List）：
在定義閉包時(shí)，添加一個(gè)列表，用來捕獲產(chǎn)生循環(huán)的引用。

lazy var someClosure: (Int, String) -> String = {
    [unowned self, weak someInstance] (index: Int, stringToProcess: String) -> String in
    // closure body goes here
}