相比于 Shell，Python 提供了更好的流程控制，因此，前一段時(shí)間我嘗試使用 Python 完成了 sync-deploy 命令集的重寫（見另一篇文章）。后續(xù)新特性的添加都只將在 loon 項(xiàng)目《https://github.com/ShixiangWang/loon》上，sync-deploy 只負(fù)責(zé)維護(hù)異常的修復(fù)。
值得一提的是，loon 的使用需要 Python 3的環(huán)境以及幾個(gè)依賴包，所以 sync-deploy 可能更加輕量。
loon is a Python toolkit for operating remote host based on SSH. Idea for developing loon comes from sync-deploy, which is limited by its pure bash code. Therefore, I use Python to implement it and more features will be added to it in the future.
Installation
Install from pypi:
pip install loon
Install from GitHub:
pip install git+https://github.com/ShixiangWang/loon
Usage
Configuration
To access remote host without typing password, you have to generate ssh key with ssh-keygen command if it is not available.
$ ssh-keygen
Follow the commands, for simplicity, just type ENTER to proceed.
Copy your key to remote server, replace user with your username and host with your remote host ip address.
$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa user@host
Host management
- Add a remote host
$ loon add -U wsx -H 127.0.0.1 -P 22
=> Added successfully!
# Default port is 22, so don't need to specify it
# And we can create a host alias, otherwise
# it is same as username of remote host
$ loon add -U wsx -H 127.0.0.2 -N host2
=> Added successfully!
- List all remote hosts
$ loon list
+-----+--------+----------+----+
|Alias|Username|IP address|Port|
+-----+--------+----------+----+
|<wsx>|wsx |127.0.0.1 |22 |
+-----+--------+----------+----+
|host2|wsx |127.0.0.2 |22 |
+-----+--------+----------+----+
<active host>
- Rename alias
$ loon rename wsx host1
$ loon list
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|Alias |Username|IP address|Port|
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|<host1>|wsx |127.0.0.1 |22 |
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|host2 |wsx |127.0.0.2 |22 |
+-------+--------+----------+----+
<active host>
- Switch active remote host
$ loon switch -N host2
=> Activated.
$ loon list
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|Alias |Username|IP address|Port|
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|host1 |wsx |127.0.0.1 |22 |
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|<host2>|wsx |127.0.0.2 |22 |
+-------+--------+----------+----+
<active host>
- Delete a host
$ loon delete -N host2
=> Removing host from available list...
=> Removing active host...
=> Changing active host to host1
$ loon list
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|Alias |Username|IP address|Port|
+-------+--------+----------+----+
|<host1>|wsx |127.0.0.1 |22 |
+-------+--------+----------+----+
<active host>
Common tasks
- Run commands
$ loon run 'ls -l ~'
total 168
drwxr-xr-x 2 wsx liulab 25 Apr 7 23:26 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Documents
drwxr-xr-x. 3 wsx liulab 69 Jun 10 16:57 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x 2 wsx liulab 6 Sep 30 10:23 facet
drwxr-xr-x 11 wsx liulab 4096 Sep 22 20:13 metawho
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Music
drwxr-xr-x 3 wsx liulab 60 Apr 30 17:50 Notebooks
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 6 wsx liulab 114 Sep 27 17:33 projects
drwxr-xr-x 6 wsx liulab 96 Jun 27 16:50 projects_bk
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Public
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 5 wsx liulab 4096 Oct 3 12:24 test
drwxr-xr-x 3480 wsx liulab 114688 Oct 3 13:44 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 3 wsx liulab 32 Aug 22 17:13 tools
drwxr-xr-x. 2 wsx liulab 6 Apr 4 10:36 Videos
- Run local scripts
This will upload scripts to remote host firstly, then run them.
$ loon run -f ../../tests/scripts/t*.py
=> Starting upload...
t1.py 100% 50 49.0KB/s 00:00
t2.py 100% 50 77.6KB/s 00:00
=> Finished uploading in 1s
=> Getting results:
This is t1 script.
This is t2 script.
- If input contains both files and directories, all files in directory will not be executed. This is a way to include child scripts which does not need to be executed.
- If input is only a directory, all scripts (not including scripts in subdirectories) under it will be executed. This is the way to maintain an independent project.
You can include data directory using --data flag, specify program like bash or python using --prog flag and set remote directory using --dir flag.
- Upload and download files
Use them like cp command. At default, use scp command to do the job, set --rsync to use rsync command (--rsync is disabled in Windows).
$ loon upload -h
usage: loon upload [-h] [-v] [--rsync] source [source ...] destination
positional arguments:
source Source files to upload
destination Remote destination directory
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --verbose set loglevel to INFO
--rsync Use rsync instead of scp
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --verbose set loglevel to INFO
$ loon download -h
usage: loon download [-h] [-v] [--rsync] source [source ...] destination
positional arguments:
source Source files to download
destination Local destination directory, note '~' should be quoted in
some cases
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --verbose set loglevel to INFO
--rsync Use rsync instead of scp
- Batch process commands
By providing a structed file (CSV, TSV etc) and a sample command with placeholders {index} refer to column index (0 based) of file, batch command can be used to execute a batch of commands. Users can set thread number by -T flag and use --dry flag to dry run the code.
$ loon batch -f src/loon/data/samplefile.csv 'echo hello {0}'
hello TCGA-2A-A8VO-01
hello TCGA-2A-A8VT-01
hello TCGA-2A-A8VV-01
hello TCGA-2A-A8VX-01
$ loon batch -f src/loon/data/samplefile.csv 'echo hello {0}' -T 4
hello TCGA-2A-A8VO-01
hello TCGA-2A-A8VT-01
hello TCGA-2A-A8VV-01
hello TCGA-2A-A8VX-01
$ loon batch -f src/loon/data/samplefile.csv 'echo hello {0}' --dry
=> Running echo hello TCGA-2A-A8VO-01
=> Running echo hello TCGA-2A-A8VT-01
=> Running echo hello TCGA-2A-A8VV-01
=> Running echo hello TCGA-2A-A8VX-01
PBS management and tasks
-
pbstemp- Generate a PBS template file -
pbsgen- Generate a batch of PBS files -
pbsgen_example- Generate example files for pbsgen command -
pbssub- Submit PBS tasks -
pbsdeploy- Upload a target directory and submit containing PBS files (have.pbsextension) -
pbscheck- Check status of PBS job on remote host
More details please see -h option of the commands above.
Current usage info
usage: loon [-h] [--version] [--author]
{add,delete,switch,list,rename,run,upload,download,batch,pbstemp,pbsgen,pbsgen_example,pbssub,pbsdeploy,pbscheck}
...
Be an efficient loon.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--version show program's version number and exit
--author show info of program's author
subcommands:
{add,delete,switch,list,rename,run,upload,download,batch,pbstemp,pbsgen,pbsgen_example,pbssub,pbsdeploy,pbscheck}
description
add Add a remote host
delete Delete a remote host
switch Switch active remote host
list List all remote hosts
rename Rename host alias
run Run commands or scripts on remote
upload Upload files to active remote host
download Download files from active remote host
batch Batch process commands with placeholders
pbstemp Generate a PBS template file
pbsgen Generate a batch of PBS files
pbsgen_example Generate example files for pbsgen command
pbssub Submit PBS tasks
pbsdeploy Deploy target destination to remote host
pbscheck Check status of PBS job on remote host
