使用SpringBoot;
1)、創(chuàng)建SpringBoot應(yīng)用,選中我們需要的模塊;
2)、SpringBoot已經(jīng)默認(rèn)將這些場(chǎng)景配置好了,只需要在配置文件中指定少量配置就可以運(yùn)行起來(lái)
3)、自己編寫業(yè)務(wù)代碼;
自動(dòng)配置原理?
這個(gè)場(chǎng)景SpringBoot幫我們配置了什么?能不能修改?能修改哪些配置?能不能擴(kuò)展?xxx
xxxxAutoConfiguration:幫我們給容器中自動(dòng)配置組件;
xxxxProperties:配置類來(lái)封裝配置文件的內(nèi)容;
2、SpringBoot對(duì)靜態(tài)資源的映射規(guī)則;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {
//可以設(shè)置和靜態(tài)資源有關(guān)的參數(shù),緩存時(shí)間等
WebMvcAuotConfiguration:
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
return;
}
Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
.addResourceLocations(
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
//靜態(tài)資源文件夾映射
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
.addResourceLocations(
this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
}
//配置歡迎頁(yè)映射
@Bean
public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
}
//配置喜歡的圖標(biāo)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public static class FaviconConfiguration {
private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
}
@Bean
public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
//所有 **/favicon.ico
mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
faviconRequestHandler()));
return mapping;
}
@Bean
public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
requestHandler
.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
return requestHandler;
}
}
1)、所有 /webjars/** ,都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找資源;
? webjars:以jar包的方式引入靜態(tài)資源;

localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js
<!--引入jquery-webjar-->在訪問(wèn)的時(shí)候只需要寫webjars下面資源的名稱即可
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
<version>3.3.1</version>
</dependency>
2)、 "/" 訪問(wèn)當(dāng)前項(xiàng)目的任何資源,都去(靜態(tài)資源的文件夾)找映射
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
"classpath:/resources/",
"classpath:/static/",
"classpath:/public/"
"/":當(dāng)前項(xiàng)目的根路徑
localhost:8080/abc === 去靜態(tài)資源文件夾里面找abc
3)、歡迎頁(yè); 靜態(tài)資源文件夾下的所有index.html頁(yè)面;被"/"映射;
? localhost:8080/ 找index頁(yè)面
4)、** 所有的 /favicon.ico 都是在靜態(tài)資源文件下找;
3、模板引擎
JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf

SpringBoot推薦的Thymeleaf;
語(yǔ)法更簡(jiǎn)單,功能更強(qiáng)大;
1、引入thymeleaf;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
2.1.6
</dependency>
切換thymeleaf版本
<properties>
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
<!-- 布局功能的支持程序 thymeleaf3主程序 layout2以上版本 -->
<!-- thymeleaf2 layout1-->
<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
</properties>
2、Thymeleaf使用
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
//
只要我們把HTML頁(yè)面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自動(dòng)渲染;
使用:
1、導(dǎo)入thymeleaf的名稱空間
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
2、使用thymeleaf語(yǔ)法;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功!</h1>
<!--th:text 將div里面的文本內(nèi)容設(shè)置為 -->
<div th:text="${hello}">這是顯示歡迎信息</div>
</body>
</html>
3、語(yǔ)法規(guī)則
1)、th:text;改變當(dāng)前元素里面的文本內(nèi)容;
? th:任意html屬性;來(lái)替換原生屬性的值

expressions:(表達(dá)式語(yǔ)法)
1)、獲取對(duì)象的屬性、調(diào)用方法
2)、使用內(nèi)置的基本對(duì)象:
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
${session.foo}
3)、內(nèi)置的一些工具對(duì)象:
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:選擇表達(dá)式:和${}在功能上是一樣;
補(bǔ)充:配合 th:object="${session.user}:
<div th:object="${session.user}">
<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
</div>
Message Expressions: #{...}:獲取國(guó)際化內(nèi)容
Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定義URL;
@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表達(dá)式
<div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
Literals(字面量)
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:(文本操作)
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:(數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算)
Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:(布爾運(yùn)算)
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:(比較運(yùn)算)
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:條件運(yùn)算(三元運(yùn)算符)
If-then: (if) ? (then)
If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
No-Operation: _
4、SpringMVC自動(dòng)配置
1. Spring MVC auto-configuration
Spring Boot 自動(dòng)配置好了SpringMVC
以下是SpringBoot對(duì)SpringMVC的默認(rèn)配置:==(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)==
-
Inclusion of
ContentNegotiatingViewResolverandBeanNameViewResolverbeans.- 自動(dòng)配置了ViewResolver(視圖解析器:根據(jù)方法的返回值得到視圖對(duì)象(View),視圖對(duì)象決定如何渲染(轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)?重定向?))
- ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:組合所有的視圖解析器的;
- ==如何定制:我們可以自己給容器中添加一個(gè)視圖解析器;自動(dòng)的將其組合進(jìn)來(lái);==
Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).靜態(tài)資源文件夾路徑,webjars
Static
index.htmlsupport. 靜態(tài)首頁(yè)訪問(wèn)-
Custom
Faviconsupport (see below). favicon.ico?
-
自動(dòng)注冊(cè)了 of
Converter,GenericConverter,Formatterbeans.- Converter:轉(zhuǎn)換器; public String hello(User user):類型轉(zhuǎn)換使用Converter
-
Formatter格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date;
@Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")//在文件中配置日期格式化的規(guī)則
public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化組件
}
? ==自己添加的格式化器轉(zhuǎn)換器,我們只需要放在容器中即可==
-
Support for
HttpMessageConverters(see below).HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換Http請(qǐng)求和響應(yīng)的;User---Json;
-
HttpMessageConverters是從容器中確定;獲取所有的HttpMessageConverter;==自己給容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只需要將自己的組件注冊(cè)容器中(@Bean,@Component)==
?
Automatic registration of
MessageCodesResolver(see below).定義錯(cuò)誤代碼生成規(guī)則-
Automatic use of a
ConfigurableWebBindingInitializerbean (see below).==我們可以配置一個(gè)ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer來(lái)替換默認(rèn)的;(添加到容器)==
初始化WebDataBinder; 請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)=====JavaBean;
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的所有自動(dòng)場(chǎng)景;
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components.
If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc.
2、擴(kuò)展SpringMVC
<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
<bean></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
==編寫一個(gè)配置類(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter類型;不能標(biāo)注@EnableWebMvc==;
既保留了所有的自動(dòng)配置,也能用我們擴(kuò)展的配置;
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以來(lái)擴(kuò)展SpringMVC的功能
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//瀏覽器發(fā)送 /atguigu 請(qǐng)求來(lái)到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
}
原理:
? 1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC的自動(dòng)配置類
? 2)、在做其他自動(dòng)配置時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)入;@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
@Configuration
public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
//從容器中獲取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
@Autowired(required = false)
public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
//一個(gè)參考實(shí)現(xiàn);將所有的WebMvcConfigurer相關(guān)配置都來(lái)一起調(diào)用;
@Override
// public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
// delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
// }
}
}
}
? 3)、容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都會(huì)一起起作用;
? 4)、我們的配置類也會(huì)被調(diào)用;
? 效果:SpringMVC的自動(dòng)配置和我們的擴(kuò)展配置都會(huì)起作用;
3、全面接管SpringMVC;
SpringBoot對(duì)SpringMVC的自動(dòng)配置不需要了,所有都是我們自己配置;所有的SpringMVC的自動(dòng)配置都失效了
我們需要在配置類中添加@EnableWebMvc即可;
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以來(lái)擴(kuò)展SpringMVC的功能
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//瀏覽器發(fā)送 /atguigu 請(qǐng)求來(lái)到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
}
原理:
為什么@EnableWebMvc自動(dòng)配置就失效了;
1)@EnableWebMvc的核心
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
2)、
@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
3)、
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
//容器中沒(méi)有這個(gè)組件的時(shí)候,這個(gè)自動(dòng)配置類才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
4)、@EnableWebMvc將WebMvcConfigurationSupport組件導(dǎo)入進(jìn)來(lái);
5)、導(dǎo)入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能;
5、如何修改SpringBoot的默認(rèn)配置
模式:
? 1)、SpringBoot在自動(dòng)配置很多組件的時(shí)候,先看容器中有沒(méi)有用戶自己配置的(@Bean、@Component)如果有就用用戶配置的,如果沒(méi)有,才自動(dòng)配置;如果有些組件可以有多個(gè)(ViewResolver)將用戶配置的和自己默認(rèn)的組合起來(lái);
? 2)、在SpringBoot中會(huì)有非常多的xxxConfigurer幫助我們進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展配置
? 3)、在SpringBoot中會(huì)有很多的xxxCustomizer幫助我們進(jìn)行定制配置
6、RestfulCRUD
1)、默認(rèn)訪問(wèn)首頁(yè)
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以來(lái)擴(kuò)展SpringMVC的功能
//@EnableWebMvc 不要接管SpringMVC
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//瀏覽器發(fā)送 /atguigu 請(qǐng)求來(lái)到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
//所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter組件都會(huì)一起起作用
@Bean //將組件注冊(cè)在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
}
2)、國(guó)際化
1)、編寫國(guó)際化配置文件;(以前的SpringMVC)
2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理國(guó)際化資源文件
3)、在頁(yè)面使用fmt:message取出國(guó)際化內(nèi)容
步驟(SpringBoot):
1)、編寫國(guó)際化配置文件,抽取頁(yè)面需要顯示的國(guó)際化消息

2)、SpringBoot自動(dòng)配置好了管理國(guó)際化資源文件的組件;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
/**
* Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath
* location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
* slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
* "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root.
*/
private String basename = "messages";
//我們的配置文件可以直接放在類路徑下叫messages.properties;
@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
//設(shè)置國(guó)際化資源文件的基礎(chǔ)名(去掉語(yǔ)言國(guó)家代碼的)
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
}
if (this.encoding != null) {
messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
}
messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
return messageSource;
}
3)、去頁(yè)面獲取國(guó)際化的值;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"/> [[#{login.remember}]]
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">? 2017-2018</p>
<a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
</form>
</body>
</html>
效果:根據(jù)瀏覽器語(yǔ)言設(shè)置的信息切換了國(guó)際化;
原理:
? 國(guó)際化Locale(區(qū)域信息對(duì)象);LocaleResolver(獲取區(qū)域信息對(duì)象);
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
if (this.mvcProperties
.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
}
AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
return localeResolver;
}
默認(rèn)的就是根據(jù)請(qǐng)求頭帶來(lái)的區(qū)域信息獲取Locale進(jìn)行國(guó)際化
4)、點(diǎn)擊鏈接切換國(guó)際化
/**
* 可以在連接上攜帶區(qū)域信息
*/
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
String l = request.getParameter("l");
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
String[] split = l.split("_");
locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
}
return locale;
}
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
}
}
@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
3)、登陸
開發(fā)期間模板引擎頁(yè)面修改以后,要實(shí)時(shí)生效
1)、禁用模板引擎的緩存
# 禁用緩存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
2)、頁(yè)面修改完成以后ctrl+f9:重新編譯;
登陸錯(cuò)誤消息的顯示
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
4)、攔截器進(jìn)行登陸檢查
攔截器
/**
* 登陸檢查,
*/
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//目標(biāo)方法執(zhí)行之前
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
if(user == null){
//未登陸,返回登陸頁(yè)面
request.setAttribute("msg","沒(méi)有權(quán)限請(qǐng)先登陸");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
return false;
}else{
//已登陸,放行請(qǐng)求
return true;
}
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
注冊(cè)攔截器
//所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter組件都會(huì)一起起作用
@Bean //將組件注冊(cè)在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}
//注冊(cè)攔截器
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//super.addInterceptors(registry);
//靜態(tài)資源; *.css , *.js
//SpringBoot已經(jīng)做好了靜態(tài)資源映射
registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
.excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
5)、CRUD-員工列表
實(shí)驗(yàn)要求:
1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD滿足Rest風(fēng)格;
URI: /資源名稱/資源標(biāo)識(shí) HTTP請(qǐng)求方式區(qū)分對(duì)資源CRUD操作
| 普通CRUD(uri來(lái)區(qū)分操作) | RestfulCRUD | |
|---|---|---|
| 查詢 | getEmp | emp---GET |
| 添加 | addEmp?xxx | emp---POST |
| 修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx | emp/{id}---PUT |
| 刪除 | deleteEmp?id=1 | emp/{id}---DELETE |
2)、實(shí)驗(yàn)的請(qǐng)求架構(gòu);
| 實(shí)驗(yàn)功能 | 請(qǐng)求URI | 請(qǐng)求方式 |
|---|---|---|
| 查詢所有員工 | emps | GET |
| 查詢某個(gè)員工(來(lái)到修改頁(yè)面) | emp/1 | GET |
| 來(lái)到添加頁(yè)面 | emp | GET |
| 添加員工 | emp | POST |
| 來(lái)到修改頁(yè)面(查出員工進(jìn)行信息回顯) | emp/1 | GET |
| 修改員工 | emp | PUT |
| 刪除員工 | emp/1 | DELETE |
3)、員工列表:
thymeleaf公共頁(yè)面元素抽取
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::選擇器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默認(rèn)效果:
insert的公共片段在div標(biāo)簽中
如果使用th:insert等屬性進(jìn)行引入,可以不用寫~{}:
行內(nèi)寫法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
3)、員工列表:
thymeleaf公共頁(yè)面元素抽取
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::選擇器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默認(rèn)效果:
insert的公共片段在div標(biāo)簽中
如果使用th:insert等屬性進(jìn)行引入,可以不用寫~{}:
行內(nèi)寫法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
三種引入公共片段的th屬性:
th:insert:將公共片段整個(gè)插入到聲明引入的元素中
th:replace:將聲明引入的元素替換為公共片段
th:include:將被引入的片段的內(nèi)容包含進(jìn)這個(gè)標(biāo)簽中
提交的數(shù)據(jù)格式不對(duì):生日:日期;
2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;
日期的格式化;SpringMVC將頁(yè)面提交的值需要轉(zhuǎn)換為指定的類型;
2017-12-12---Date; 類型轉(zhuǎn)換,格式化;
默認(rèn)日期是按照/的方式;
7)、CRUD-員工修改
修改添加二合一表單
<!--需要區(qū)分是員工修改還是添加;-->
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
<!--發(fā)送put請(qǐng)求修改員工數(shù)據(jù)-->
<!--
1、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;(SpringBoot自動(dòng)配置好的)
2、頁(yè)面創(chuàng)建一個(gè)post表單
3、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)input項(xiàng),name="_method";值就是我們指定的請(qǐng)求方式
-->
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
<input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Email</label>
<input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>department</label>
<!--提交的是部門的id-->
<select class="form-control" name="department.id">
<option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加</button>
</form>
8)、CRUD-員工刪除
<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
<td th:text="${emp.id}"></td>
<td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td>
<td th:text="${emp.email}"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"></td>
<td>
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">編輯</a>
<button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">刪除</button>
</td>
</tr>
<script>
$(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
//刪除當(dāng)前員工的
$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
return false;
});
</script>
7、錯(cuò)誤處理機(jī)制
1)、SpringBoot默認(rèn)的錯(cuò)誤處理機(jī)制
默認(rèn)效果:
? 1)、瀏覽器,返回一個(gè)默認(rèn)的錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面
瀏覽器發(fā)送請(qǐng)求的請(qǐng)求頭:

2)、如果是其他客戶端,默認(rèn)響應(yīng)一個(gè)json數(shù)據(jù)


原理:
? 可以參照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration;錯(cuò)誤處理的自動(dòng)配置;
給容器中添加了以下組件
? 1、DefaultErrorAttributes:
幫我們?cè)陧?yè)面共享信息;
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
return errorAttributes;
}
? 2、BasicErrorController:處理默認(rèn)/error請(qǐng)求
@Controller
@RequestMapping("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
@RequestMapping(produces = "text/html")//產(chǎn)生html類型的數(shù)據(jù);瀏覽器發(fā)送的請(qǐng)求來(lái)到這個(gè)方法處理
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(getErrorAttributes(
request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
response.setStatus(status.value());
//去哪個(gè)頁(yè)面作為錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面;包含頁(yè)面地址和頁(yè)面內(nèi)容
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
}
@RequestMapping
@ResponseBody //產(chǎn)生json數(shù)據(jù),其他客戶端來(lái)到這個(gè)方法處理;
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
}
? 3、ErrorPageCustomizer:
@Value("${error.path:/error}")
private String path = "/error"; 系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤以后來(lái)到error請(qǐng)求進(jìn)行處理;(web.xml注冊(cè)的錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面規(guī)則)
? 4、DefaultErrorViewResolver:
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status,
Map<String, Object> model) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model);
if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
}
return modelAndView;
}
private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
//默認(rèn)SpringBoot可以去找到一個(gè)頁(yè)面? error/404
String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
//模板引擎可以解析這個(gè)頁(yè)面地址就用模板引擎解析
TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
if (provider != null) {
//模板引擎可用的情況下返回到errorViewName指定的視圖地址
return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model);
}
//模板引擎不可用,就在靜態(tài)資源文件夾下找errorViewName對(duì)應(yīng)的頁(yè)面 error/404.html
return resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
}
[圖片上傳中...(搜狗截圖20180228135513.png-bc7c-1559445619825-0)]
步驟:
? 一但系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)4xx或者5xx之類的錯(cuò)誤;ErrorPageCustomizer就會(huì)生效(定制錯(cuò)誤的響應(yīng)規(guī)則);就會(huì)來(lái)到/error請(qǐng)求;就會(huì)被BasicErrorController處理;
? 1)響應(yīng)頁(yè)面;去哪個(gè)頁(yè)面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的;
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
//所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
if (modelAndView != null) {
return modelAndView;
}
}
return null;
}
2)、如果定制錯(cuò)誤響應(yīng):
1)、如何定制錯(cuò)誤的頁(yè)面;
? 1)、有模板引擎的情況下;error/狀態(tài)碼; 【將錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面命名為 錯(cuò)誤狀態(tài)碼.html 放在模板引擎文件夾里面的 error文件夾下】,發(fā)生此狀態(tài)碼的錯(cuò)誤就會(huì)來(lái)到 對(duì)應(yīng)的頁(yè)面;
? 我們可以使用4xx和5xx作為錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面的文件名來(lái)匹配這種類型的所有錯(cuò)誤,精確優(yōu)先(優(yōu)先尋找精確的狀態(tài)碼.html);
? 頁(yè)面能獲取的信息;
? timestamp:時(shí)間戳
? status:狀態(tài)碼
? error:錯(cuò)誤提示
? exception:異常對(duì)象
? message:異常消息
? errors:JSR303數(shù)據(jù)校驗(yàn)的錯(cuò)誤都在這里
? 2)、沒(méi)有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面),靜態(tài)資源文件夾下找;
? 3)、以上都沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面,就是默認(rèn)來(lái)到SpringBoot默認(rèn)的錯(cuò)誤提示頁(yè)面;
2)、如何定制錯(cuò)誤的json數(shù)據(jù);
? 1)、自定義異常處理&返回定制json數(shù)據(jù);
@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {
@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public Map<String,Object> handleException(Exception e){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
return map;
}
}
//沒(méi)有自適應(yīng)效果...
? 2)、轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到/error進(jìn)行自適應(yīng)響應(yīng)效果處理
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public String handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
//傳入我們自己的錯(cuò)誤狀態(tài)碼 4xx 5xx,否則就不會(huì)進(jìn)入定制錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)面的解析流程
/**
* Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
*/
request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
//轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到/error
return "forward:/error";
}
3)、將我們的定制數(shù)據(jù)攜帶出去;
出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤以后,會(huì)來(lái)到/error請(qǐng)求,會(huì)被BasicErrorController處理,響應(yīng)出去可以獲取的數(shù)據(jù)是由getErrorAttributes得到的(是AbstractErrorController(ErrorController)規(guī)定的方法);
? 1、完全來(lái)編寫一個(gè)ErrorController的實(shí)現(xiàn)類【或者是編寫AbstractErrorController的子類】,放在容器中;
? 2、頁(yè)面上能用的數(shù)據(jù),或者是json返回能用的數(shù)據(jù)都是通過(guò)errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes得到;
? 容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttributes();默認(rèn)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理的;
自定義ErrorAttributes
//給容器中加入我們自己定義的ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes, boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
map.put("company","atguigu");
return map;
}
}
最終的效果:響應(yīng)是自適應(yīng)的,可以通過(guò)定制ErrorAttributes改變需要返回的內(nèi)容,
