Actions and Change
To replace something means to put something else in its place.
When something gets old and begins to break down, it may need to be replaced.
譯文：替換某物的意思是把別的東西放在它的位置上。當(dāng)某樣?xùn)|西變老并開始出故障時，它可能需要更換。
Exercise:
1. The person who replaces someone is the person's replacement.
2. When a person leaves a company, the person may need to be replaced by someone else.
To tear something down means to break it apart.
To tear a person down means to hurt them by saying negative things about them.
譯文：拆除/拆毀某物的意思是把某物拆開。詆毀某人的意思是通過說別人的壞話來傷害他們。
Exercise:
1. When the old school building was torn down, it was replaced by a hotel.
2. It may take a long time to tear down a big building.
To construct something means to build it or put it together.
Large construction projects include buildings, bridges, and organizations.
The opposite of "constructive" is "destructive".
譯文：構(gòu)建某物的意思是建造或者組裝某物。大型建設(shè)項目包括建筑物、橋梁和組織機構(gòu)?！敖ㄔO(shè)性”的反義詞是“破壞性”。
Exercise:
1. Destructive comments in a discussion can be very negative and cause bad feelings.
2. To be constructive means to help build an idea or process by contributing something helpful, such as positive feedback.
To organize something means to arrange things in an orderly, logical way.
An organization is something that has a logical structure, such as a well-managed company.
譯文：組織某事的意思是把事情安排得井然有序，合乎邏輯。組織是具有邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)的東西，例如管理良好的公司。
Exercise:
1. They are too disorganized to get anything done on time.
3. An event or party can be well organized, poorly organized or completely disorganized.
To support something such as an idea is to help or add strength to it.
The opposite of "support" is "to undermine or weaken".
譯文：支持某事，例如一個想法，就是幫助或增強它的力量?！爸С帧钡姆戳x詞是“削弱”。
Exercise:
1. To work against someone means to undermine them, or make them less effective.
2. The opposite of "construct" is "tear down".
3.— What do you need to do in a place where everything is confused?
? — organize it
4. "To help or strengthen" means "to support".
5.— What's the opposite of "destroy"?
? — The opposite of "destroy" is "construct or build".
6. If you support someone, it means you are trying to help them succeed.
Repeat & Read Sentences:
1. To construct something means to build it or put it together.
2. Some people are poorly organized, so they have a hard time finding things.
3. When things are not arranged well, you need to organize.
4. The earthquake destroyed several buildings and left many people without homes.
5. Destructive comments in a discussion can be very negative and cause bad feelings.
Types of Information
Public information is available to anyone who wants to know it.
If a store is open to the public, it means anyone can come in.
譯文：任何想知道的人都可以獲得公共信息。如果一個商店對公眾開放，這意味著任何人都可以進來。
Exercise:
1. Many people make money by investing in public companies.
2. A public company makes its shares available for purchase by any investor.
Private information is not open to everyone, but is only available to trusted friends or family.
Information about one's secret hopes and dreams is usually private.
譯文：私人信息并不是對所有人都公開，而是只對值得信任的朋友或家人公開。一個人的秘密希望和夢想通常是秘密的。
Exercise:
1. The password to your bank account is private information.
2. Most people keep their personal information private.
Confidential information is secret information.
Confidential information is not supposed to be shared with others.
譯文：機密信息是秘密信息，機密信息不應(yīng)該與他人分享。
Exercise:
1. Revealing confidential information may be illegal.
Gossip is information that is often exchanged because it's exciting or fun, even though it may not be true.
Office gossip is often entertaining, but it can also be damaging.
譯文：八卦是人們經(jīng)常交換的信息，因為它令人興奮或有趣，即使它可能不是真的。辦公室八卦通常很有趣，但也可能有損害性。
Exercise:
1. When people gossip, they may hurt someone by spreading false or embarrassing information.
2. Gossip may hurt or embarrass the person being gossiped about.
Opinions are what people think or feel about something as opposed to factual information.
Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
譯文：意見是人們對某事的想法或感覺，而不是真實的信息。實際信息是以事實或證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)的，而意見是人們的想法或感覺。
Exercise:
1. Someone’s opinion is what they think or feel about something.
2.— A company's secrets are what kind of information?
? — The details of a secret design or how a company makes decisions are often confidential.
3.— What a person thinks or feels about a issue is what?
? — Opinions are what people think or feel about something as opposed to factual information.
4.— Highly personal information is what kind of information?
? — Highly personal information is private information.
5. To keep something private means it shouldn't be shared with others.
6. Information about one's secret hopes and dreams is usually private.
7. Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
Repeat & Read Sentences:
1. Many people make money by investing in public companies.
2. Someone’s opinion is what they think or feel about something.
3. Confidential information is not supposed to be shared with others.
4. You had better keep information about your passwords private or you may lose a lot.
5. Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
