（大家不要忘記關(guān)注AndyZ 老師哦! 點擊頭像右側(cè)關(guān)注按鈕即可關(guān)注啦，歡迎分享文章，同時也可閱讀已發(fā)布的其他文章。如果留言咨詢國際教育和學(xué)習(xí)、職場發(fā)展和員工管理以及招聘方面的任何問題，沒準(zhǔn)下次推文你就能得到答案！）
寫在前面的話：
關(guān)于如何背單詞這種“老生常談”的話題，會讓人覺得這對于我來說過于“小兒科”，然而連英語學(xué)習(xí)最最基本的單詞學(xué)習(xí)都無法掌握，還談什么在學(xué)習(xí)英語之路上走得更遠(yuǎn)？所以我寫了這篇文章，希望大家可以不要在錯誤的道路上一條道走到黑，快來看看正確的方法吧，趁還不晚！
如果你已經(jīng)知道了一些詞組，但你感覺自己被大量的新單詞淹沒了，并且無法再記住更多單詞…不要害怕！讓我告訴你一個學(xué)習(xí)單詞的小秘密吧！死記硬背的記憶是必要的，但它應(yīng)該用于20%的英語學(xué)習(xí)，而大多數(shù)學(xué)生將這種方法100%用于英語學(xué)習(xí)、短語、甚至語法”clause”。這是一種非常愚蠢和不科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)方法！
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所以，閑話少說，我來推薦你們使用5個正確學(xué)習(xí)新單詞的步驟：
1.Converting words and new concepts (grammar, content etc) into phrases you already understand
把單詞和新概念(語法、內(nèi)容等)轉(zhuǎn)換成你已經(jīng)理解的短語
Well, 中國最領(lǐng)先的家具公司之一，索菲亞擁有特別贊的衣柜可以讓大家把衣服很整齊的放進(jìn)去，讓房間更整潔并且不會到處有衣服亂七八糟地扔在地上(讀到這里你肯定也反應(yīng)過來了，哈哈我就是那么光明正大地把索菲亞大大植入廣告放進(jìn)來啦)。但是，你要知道你的大腦并不像一個衣柜和里面的衣服一樣，其實它更像一個蜘蛛網(wǎng)有十億百億的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞交織在一起，所以像衣服一樣把單詞“存放”（即死記硬背)根本不合理。難道不應(yīng)該像上帝創(chuàng)造大腦一樣，把不同的新詞和新語法連接到一塊兒，而不像存放衣服到柜子里一樣。我意思是，還是讓索菲亞專家們設(shè)計衣柜，咱們還是老老實實把英語給搞好！
2. Connecting Your newly built phrases to Existing phrases that you already understand
把你剛剛組合好的短語和你已經(jīng)理解的短語聯(lián)系起來
就如我以上所說，死記硬背只適用于20%的英語學(xué)習(xí)時間來給記憶打好基礎(chǔ)，但如果希望在腦海里保留這些單詞/句子/語法點，那當(dāng)然完全不夠，除非你學(xué)習(xí)的目的就是用到考試上然后第二天立馬全部忘掉。就像我第一步驟提到的，將新的單詞和句子和之前學(xué)過的連聯(lián)系一起至關(guān)重要。
3.Create diagrams as the first part of reinforcing newly learned phrases and concepts
創(chuàng)建圖表以便加強新學(xué)到的句子和概念的記憶保留
創(chuàng)建圖表來顯示出不同概念之間的關(guān)系而且這是展示出不同連接點關(guān)系最佳的表達(dá)方式。當(dāng)你有各種各樣的句子、概念等的連接，即使你忘記了其中一個句子，你也可以通過別的連接關(guān)系上。所以創(chuàng)建圖表來展示不同的表達(dá)方式是很重要的。
圖表有助于鞏固剛剛學(xué)到的短語和概念，因為它能列出和重組大量的信息，將所有內(nèi)容都放在一起并理解它們是如何連接到一起，也就擴充了第二步驟提到的“連接不同單詞”的理念了。打個比方，如果我們按照第二步驟給的建議，我們將“Haughty(傲慢)”和“Pride(驕傲)”聯(lián)系在一起（假設(shè)它們是一個短語的一部分），然后接下來我們一旦把整個圖表畫出來，我們會意識到這兩個詞都可以追溯到“Confidence(信心)”這個很基本的英語單詞。當(dāng)然，這個技巧也適用于英語語法規(guī)則中。
通過圖表，所有更復(fù)雜的短語，詞匯，甚至語法規(guī)則，我們都可以追溯到更容易的詞根形式。
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4.Using your senses as the final part of reinforcing them
用你的感官作為鞏固它們的最后一部分
如 步驟3所述，圖表是一種非常直觀的學(xué)習(xí)方式，也屬于思維導(dǎo)圖，而思維導(dǎo)圖可以直接定義為將任何人想的點子展示出類似于一個地圖的形式，讓這些單詞以千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系浮現(xiàn)出來。
另一種學(xué)習(xí)方式是聽覺學(xué)習(xí)，它指的是使用聲音以及任何與聽覺有關(guān)的學(xué)習(xí)工具。我們可以將圖表轉(zhuǎn)化為可聽的連接信息，這種應(yīng)用是一個非常明智的學(xué)習(xí)方法，因為它可以通過聲音不斷地在大腦重復(fù)新學(xué)到的短語、單詞甚至語法規(guī)則，他們在你的腦海里一遍又一遍循環(huán)播放，讓你經(jīng)過這種“潛意識洗腦”而記住單詞。
當(dāng)然了，聽覺學(xué)習(xí)并不適合每個人，所以可能是需要運用知覺式或視覺學(xué)習(xí)以滿足個人不同的學(xué)習(xí)需求。
5.Confirming your understanding and word retention: Community-based peer learning and teaching others
確認(rèn)你的理解和詞匯保留:基于社區(qū)的同伴學(xué)習(xí)和教導(dǎo)他人
大多數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境都是中型到大型的課堂，撇開鼓勵互動，坦率地說，中大型課堂只是為了降低每個人頭的成本。如果你讀過我以前的文章，我堅決反對1對1學(xué)習(xí)。
當(dāng)有更多人在一起學(xué)習(xí)，就如“社會化的同伴學(xué)習(xí)”，并試圖解釋給彼此新的單詞、短語和語法規(guī)則以及他們的連接，絕對比一個大腦（自己）更有效，因為當(dāng)你有更多人一起的時候，集思廣益，新的想法和連接是更快的。社會化的同伴學(xué)習(xí)意思就是在團(tuán)隊之間互相合作，試圖集思廣益，Brainstorm(頭腦風(fēng)暴)新的概念出來。這是非常重要的，因為可以將所有學(xué)過的短語與新的連接到一起，一直重復(fù)他們和不斷想出新的圖表和其他用途。即使英語水平不相等也并不重要，因為在創(chuàng)建新連接時，它是關(guān)于數(shù)量的，畢竟你自己的理解力足以過濾任何不正確的連接，所以不要擔(dān)心創(chuàng)建新的連接。
如果獨自一人學(xué)習(xí)，哪怕有一個導(dǎo)師幫助你，你會使用所有這些新的單詞、短語和語法規(guī)則連接慢得多，這意味著你對單詞的理解將以更慢的速度進(jìn)行。
最后，根據(jù)“學(xué)習(xí)金字塔”，簡單地向其他人講授信息證明了對學(xué)習(xí)的最終掌握的材料的理解，我將在本系列文章的下一部分進(jìn)一步闡述學(xué)習(xí)金字塔究竟如何使用，因此請繼續(xù)關(guān)注!
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——————————以下為Andy老師英文原稿——————————
If you already know a few phrases but you're inundated with a massive list of new words and feel like you cannot memorize that many words., then fear not. Let me let you in on a little secret, rote memory is needed but it should be only for 20% of the learning, whereas most students use it for 100% of learning new words, phrases or even grammar clauses. This is a very foolish and unscientific way of learning!
So without further ado here are 5 steps I highly recommend you use:
1.Converting words and new concepts (grammar, content etc) into phrases you already understand
Well, one of the leading furniture companies in China, Suofeiya, has really awesome closets that can store clothes neatly and make your entire room layout much more organized than just leaving your clothes lying around everywhere(I know you love my shameless plug). However, your brain isn’t like a closet, rather it’s more like a web of billions of zillions of neurons interlaced, which is illogical because these neurons aren’t tidily tucked away like a closet is, so simply filing words away (aka rote memorization) doesn't make sense completely. Isn’t it more ideal to learn the way God made your brain, which is connecting different words together, rather than learning like storing clothes into a closet? I mean, let’s leave designing closests to the experts like Suofeiya, and how about you focus on learning properly.
2. Connecting Your newly built phrases to Existing phrases that you already understand
Like I mentioned above, rote memorization can only be utilized 20% of the time to lay the foundations for memory, but in terms of word/phrase/clause retention it is wholly insufficient unless your purpose of learning is only use it for an exam and then completely forget about it. As mentioned in step 1, it is highly important to connect different words and phrases with ones you already understand together.
3.Create diagrams as the first part of reinforcing newly learned phrases and concepts
Create diagrams showing the relationships between concepts, which helps illustrate these connections in a much better fashion. Once you have varied connections, then if you happen to forget one, you’ll remember the ideas through another, so it’s of utmost importance to create diagrams in different representations.
Diagrams helps reinforce newly learned phrases and concepts because it can help outline and rearrange large amount of information. This takes the connection part explained in step 2 further, which is laying everything out and understanding how they all connect. For instance, in step 2 we would have connected “haughty” and “pride” together (assuming they are part of a phrase), and then in our overall diagram we would realize that these two words all can be traced back to the basic word of “confidence”. The same of course can be applied to English grammar clauses.
Through diagrams, more complex phrases, vocabulary words and even clauses can be traced back to an easier root form.
4.Using your senses as the final part of reinforcing them
As mentioned in step 3, diagrams is a very visual way of learning that also falls under mindmapping, which is a literal definition for mapping out what one’s mind is thinking of.
A different way of learning is auditory learning, which refers to using sound, audio mnemonic devices and anything that relates to the sense of hearing. Converting diagrams into audible pieces of connecting information is a great way to apply this, and repeating any videos out loud that rehash the learning of the newly introduced clauses, phrases and words also helps.
Of course, auditory learning is not for everyone, so it may be ideal to apply kinesthetic or expand on visual learning to suit one’s learning needs.
5.Confirming your understanding and word retention: Community-based peer learning and teaching others
Most learning environments have mid-sized to large-sized classes not because of encouraging interaction, but quite frankly it is simply to lower costs per head. If you’ve read my previous articles, I am firmly against 1 on 1 learning.
Having more people work together, as per “community-based peer learning”, and trying to explain things to each other, is a lot more effective than only having one brain (yourself), because brainstorming new ideas and connections is a lot faster when you have volume. Community-based peer learning is simply working with one another in a group and trying to brainstorm concepts together. This is very important because you are then applying all then repeating all the learned phrases, connecting them with new ones and constantly coming up with new diagrams and other usage applications. It doesn’t matter if the English levels aren’t equal, because it’s all about volume when you are creating new connections. Your own understanding is powerful enough to filter out the inaccuracies, so worry about creating new connections.
If doing it alone, you are making all these connections a lot slower, which means your understanding of the words is going to proceed at a much slower pace.
Finally, as per the learning pyramid, teaching information to someone else in simple terms proves an understanding of the material which is the ultimate mastery of learning, which I will elaborate further on in the next part of this article series, so stay tuned.
（大家不要忘記關(guān)注AndyZ 老師哦! 點擊頭像右側(cè)關(guān)注按鈕即可關(guān)注啦，歡迎分享文章，同時也可閱讀已發(fā)布的其他文章。如果留言咨詢國際教育和學(xué)習(xí)、職場發(fā)展和員工管理以及招聘方面的任何問題，沒準(zhǔn)下次推文你就能得到答案！）
Andy的簡介：
- Multicultural and multilingual: Grew up and lived in a number of countries, American-born Chinese - （Third Culture Kid） 多文化和多語言: 在多個國家成長和居?。幻兰A人 - 典型第三文化人士(TCK)
- Leader in empowering corporate training and recruitment professionals with assessment methodologies and project-based learning andragogy 為企業(yè)培訓(xùn)和招聘人士提供領(lǐng)先評估體系和游戲化的項目式學(xué)習(xí)的職場教學(xué)法的領(lǐng)袖
- Decade of experience in education and training, and expert in China 十年以上的學(xué)生教育和企業(yè)培訓(xùn)的經(jīng)驗: 并被很多本土和國外人士稱為“中國通”
- Regular community event organizer with expertise in workplace gamification for employees 定期社區(qū)活動的組織者: 游戲化員工體系的主題
- UC Berkeley Alumni Club Ex-Leader and Recruitment Ambassador 畢業(yè)于世界名校加州伯克利大學(xué)并擔(dān)任校友俱樂部前任負(fù)責(zé)人和前任招生大使
- Third-party Interviewer for College Admissions 美國第三方面試官 (很多大學(xué)現(xiàn)在需要學(xué)生在提交申請書與第三方機構(gòu)進(jìn)行面試)
- Helped build a number of college admissions counseling departments 負(fù)責(zé)搭建多個海外升學(xué)指導(dǎo)中心
- Unlike most “education experts”, personally attended more than a dozen schools growing up and personally went through the AP, IB, British, Singaporean and Hong Kong education systems相比其他所謂的“教育專家”，從小上過十幾所學(xué)校，親自體驗過AP、IB、英國、新加坡和香港的教育制度
- Recently, created China’s first bilingual entrepreneurial and innovation educational events organization: Center for Youth Business Facilitation
在這一兩年間，建立了中國第一個雙語創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)的活動平臺: CYBF創(chuàng)習(xí)國際交流中心
