來源：飄飄雪
www.cnblogs.com/wangcp-2014/p/6539035.html
pwd:print work directory 打印當(dāng)前目錄 顯示出當(dāng)前工作目錄的絕對路徑
?ps: process status(進(jìn)程狀態(tài)，類似于windows的任務(wù)管理器)?
常用參數(shù)：－auxf
?ps -auxf 顯示進(jìn)程狀態(tài)
?df: disk free 其功能是顯示磁盤可用空間數(shù)目信息及空間結(jié)點(diǎn)信息。換句話說，就是報告在任何安裝的設(shè)備或目錄中，還剩多少自由的空間。
du: Disk usage?
rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的發(fā)明之一?
rmdir：Remove Directory（刪除目錄）
?rm：Remove（刪除目錄或文件）
?cat: concatenate 連鎖
?cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的內(nèi)容聯(lián)合起來放到file3中
?insmod: install module,載入模塊
ln -s : link -soft 創(chuàng)建一個軟鏈接，相當(dāng)于創(chuàng)建一個快捷方式
mkdir：Make Directory(創(chuàng)建目錄)
touch?
?man: Manual?
su：Swith user(切換用戶)
cd：Change directory ?
ls：List files ?
ps：Process Status ?
mkdir：Make directory ?
rmdir：Remove directory ?
mkfs: Make file system??
fsck：File system check ?
uname: Unix name?
lsmod: List modules?
mv: Move file?
rm: Remove file?
cp: Copy file?
ln: Link files?
fg: Foreground?
bg: Background?
chown: Change owner?
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode??
umount: Unmount?
dd: 本來應(yīng)根據(jù)其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名為“cc”，但“cc”已經(jīng)被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名為“dd”
tar：Tape archive （磁帶檔案）
ldd：List dynamic dependencies ?
insmod：Install module ?
rmmod：Remove module ?
lsmod：List module
文件結(jié)尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目錄下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；
nn（執(zhí)行順序號）；xxx（服務(wù)標(biāo)識）
.a（擴(kuò)展名a）：Archive，static library ?
.so（擴(kuò)展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library ?
.o（擴(kuò)展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file ?
RPM：Red hat package manager ?
dpkg：Debian package manager
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的發(fā)行版中提供）
部分Linux命令縮寫
bin = Binaries (二進(jìn)制文件)
/dev = Devices (設(shè)備)
/etc = Etcetera (等等)
/lib = LIBrary??
/proc = Processes?
/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超級用戶的二進(jìn)制文件)
/tmp = Temporary (臨時)
/usr = Unix Shared Resources?
/var = Variable (變量)?
FIFO = First In, First Out?
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader?
IFS= Internal Field Seperators?
LILO = LInux LOader?
MySQL = My 是最初作者女兒的名字，
SQL = Structured QueryLanguage??
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor?
PS = Prompt String? ? ?
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"(實(shí)際的抽取和報告語言) ="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"?
Python 得名于電視劇Monty Python's Flying Circus?
Tcl = Tool Command Language??
Tk = ToolKit?
VT = Video Terminal?
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server?
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool?
ar = archiver?
as = assembler
awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三個作者的姓的第一個字母
bash = Bourne Again SHell?
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator?
bg = BackGround?
biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely養(yǎng)的一條狗,喜歡對郵遞員汪汪叫。
cal = Calendar (日歷)
cat = Catenate (鏈接)
cd = Change Directory?
chgrp = Change Group?
chmod = Change Mode?
chown = Change Owner?
chsh = Change Shell?
cmp = compare??
cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture?
comm = common?
cp = Copy?
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor?
cron = Chronos 希臘文時間
cups = Common Unix Printing System?
cvs = Current Version System?
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor?
dc = Desk Calculator?
dd = Disk Dump (磁盤轉(zhuǎn)儲)
df = Disk Free?
diff = Difference?
dmesg = diagnostic message?
du = Disk Usage?
ed = editor?
egrep = Extended GREP?
elf = Extensible Linking Format?
elm = ELectronic Mail?
emacs = Editor MACroS?
eval = EVALuate?
ex = EXtended?
exec = EXECute (執(zhí)行)
fd = file descriptors?
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP?
fmt = format?
fsck = File System ChecK?
fstab = FileSystem TABle?
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager?
gawk = GNU AWK?
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard?
groff = GNU troff?
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer?
joe = Joe's Own Editor?
ksh = Korn SHell?
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder?
lex = LEXical analyser?
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses?
ln = Link
lpr = Line PRint?
ls = list?
lsof = LiSt Open Files?
m4 = Macro processor Version 4?
man = MANual pages?
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander?
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem?
mknod = Make Node?
motd = Message of The Day?
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa?
mtab = Mount TABle?
mv = Move?
nano = Nano's ANOther editor?
nawk = New AWK??
nl = Number of Lines?
nm = names?
nohup = No HangUP?
nroff = New ROFF?
od = Octal Dump?
passwd = Passwd
pg = pager?
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor?
pine = "Program for Internet News &Email" = "Pine is not Elm"?
ping = 擬聲 又 = Packet Internet Grouper?
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability?
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre?
printf = Print Formatted?
ps = Processes Status?
pty = pseudo tty?
pushd = PUSH Directory?
pwd = Print Working Directory?
rc = runcom = run command, rc還是plan9的shell?
rev = REVerse?
rm = ReMove??
rn = Read News?
roff = RunOFF?
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager?
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的
r = Remote?
rxvt = ouR XVT?
seamoneky = 我
sed = Stream Editor?
seq = SEQuence?
shar = Shell ARchive?
slrn = S-Lang rn?
ssh = Secure Shell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer?
stty = Set TTY?
su = Substitute User?
svn = SubVersion?
tar = Tape ARchive?
tcsh = TENEX C shell??
tee = T (T形水管接口)?
telnet = TEminaL over Network?
termcap = terminal capability?
terminfo = terminal information?
tex = τ?χνη的縮寫，希臘文art?
tr = traslate?
troff = Typesetter new ROFF?
tsort = Topological SORT?
tty = TeleTypewriter?
twm = Tom's Window Manager?
tz = TimeZone?
udev = Userspace DEV?
ulimit = User's LIMIT?
umask = User's MASK?
uniq = UNIQue
i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient?
vim = Vi IMproved?
wall = write all?
wc = Word Count? ?
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator?
xargs = eXtended ARGuments?
xdm = X Display Manager?
xlfd = X Logical Font Description?
xmms = X Multimedia System?
xrdb = X Resources DataBase?
xwd = X Window Dump?
yacc = yet another compiler compiler?
Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell?
su = Switch User?
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions?
ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation
