R中dplyr包的學(xué)習(xí)
1. 設(shè)置鏡像
你還在每次配置Rstudio的下載鏡像嗎?
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/XvKb5FjAGM6gYsxTw3tcWw
options(BioC_mirror="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/bioc/")
2. dplyr包的安裝與加載
install.packages("dplyr") #安裝
library(dplyr) ##加載
3. dplyr功能函數(shù)
加載實(shí)例以應(yīng)用dplyr
> test <- iris[c(1:2,51:52,101:102),]
> test
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
51 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
52 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
101 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
102 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
3.1 mutate()增加列數(shù)
> test1<-mutate(test, new = Sepal.Length * Sepal.Width)
> test1
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species new
1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa 17.85
2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa 14.70
3 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor 22.40
4 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor 20.48
5 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica 20.79
6 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica 15.66
3.2 select(),按列篩選
3.2.1按列號篩選
> select(test,1)
Sepal.Length
1 5.1
2 4.9
51 7.0
52 6.4
101 6.3
102 5.8
> select(test,c(1,5))
Sepal.Length Species
1 5.1 setosa
2 4.9 setosa
51 7.0 versicolor
52 6.4 versicolor
101 6.3 virginica
102 5.8 virginica
> select(test,Sepal.Length)
Sepal.Length
1 5.1
2 4.9
51 7.0
52 6.4
101 6.3
102 5.8
3.2.2 按列名篩選
> select(test, Petal.Length, Petal.Width)
Petal.Length Petal.Width
1 1.4 0.2
2 1.4 0.2
51 4.7 1.4
52 4.5 1.5
101 6.0 2.5
102 5.1 1.9
> vars <- c("Petal.Length", "Petal.Width")
> select(test, one_of(vars))
Petal.Length Petal.Width
1 1.4 0.2
2 1.4 0.2
51 4.7 1.4
52 4.5 1.5
101 6.0 2.5
102 5.1 1.9
3.2.3 filter()篩選行
> filter(test, Species == "setosa")
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
> filter(test, Species == "setosa"&Sepal.Length > 5 )
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
> filter(test, Species %in% c("setosa","versicolor"))
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
3 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
4 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
3.2.4 4.arrange(),按某1列或某幾列對整個表格進(jìn)行排序
> arrange(test, Sepal.Length)#默認(rèn)從小到大排序
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
2 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
3 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
4 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
5 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
6 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
> arrange(test, desc(Sepal.Length))#用desc從大到小
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
2 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
3 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
4 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
5 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
6 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
3.2.5 summarise():匯總
> summarise(test, mean(Sepal.Length), sd(Sepal.Length))# 計(jì)算Sepal.Length的平均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差
mean(Sepal.Length) sd(Sepal.Length)
1 5.916667 0.8084965
> #先按照Species分組,計(jì)算每組Sepal.Length的平均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差
> group_by(test, Species)
# A tibble: 6 x 5
# Groups: Species [3]
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
* <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <fct>
1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
2 4.9 3 1.4 0.2 setosa
3 7 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor
4 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor
5 6.3 3.3 6 2.5 virginica
6 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
> summarise(group_by(test, Species),mean(Sepal.Length), sd(Sepal.Length))
# A tibble: 3 x 3
Species `mean(Sepal.Length)` `sd(Sepal.Length)`
<fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 setosa 5 0.141
2 versicolor 6.7 0.424
3 virginica 6.05 0.354
4 dplyr兩個實(shí)用技能
4.1 管道操作 %>% (cmd/ctr + shift + M)
加載任意一個tidyverse包即可用管道符號
magrittr包被定義為一個高效的管道操作工具包,通過管道的連接方式,讓數(shù)據(jù)或表達(dá)式的傳遞更高效,使用操作符%>%,可以直接把數(shù)據(jù)傳遞給下一個函數(shù)調(diào)用或表達(dá)式。magrittr包的主要目標(biāo)有2個,第一是減少代碼開發(fā)時間,提高代碼的可讀性和維護(hù)性;第二是讓你的代碼更短,再短,短短短…
magrittr包,主要定義了4個管道操作符,分另是%>%, %T>%, %$% 和 %<>%。其中,操作符%>%是最常用的,其他3個操作符,與%>%類似
引自:http://blog.fens.me/r-magrittr/
> test %>%
+ group_by(Species) %>%
+ summarise(mean(Sepal.Length), sd(Sepal.Length))
# A tibble: 3 x 3
Species `mean(Sepal.Length)` `sd(Sepal.Length)`
<fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 setosa 5 0.141
2 versicolor 6.7 0.424
3 virginica 6.05 0.354
4.2 count統(tǒng)計(jì)某列的unique值
> count(test,Species)
# A tibble: 3 x 2
Species n
<fct> <int>
1 setosa 2
2 versicolor 2
3 virginica 2
5. dplyr處理關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)
將2個表進(jìn)行連接,注意:不要引入factor
5.1.內(nèi)連inner_join,取交集
數(shù)據(jù)集構(gòu)建
> test1 <- data.frame(x = c('b','e','f','x'),
+ z = c("A","B","C",'D'),
+ stringsAsFactors = F)
> test1
x z
1 b A
2 e B
3 f C
4 x D
> test2 <- data.frame(x = c('a','b','c','d','e','f'),
+ y = c(1,2,3,4,5,6),
+ stringsAsFactors = F)
> test2
x y
1 a 1
2 b 2
3 c 3
4 d 4
5 e 5
6 f 6
> inner_join(test1, test2, by = "x")
x z y
1 b A 2
2 e B 5
3 f C 6
5.2 左連left_join 取交集
> left_join(test1, test2, by = 'x')
x z y
1 b A 2
2 e B 5
3 f C 6
4 x D NA
> 左連left_join,取交集
> left_join(test2, test1, by = 'x')
x y z
1 a 1 <NA>
2 b 2 A
3 c 3 <NA>
4 d 4 <NA>
5 e 5 B
6 f 6 C
5.3 全連full_join 取交集
> full_join( test1, test2, by = 'x')
x z y
1 b A 2
2 e B 5
3 f C 6
4 x D NA
5 a <NA> 1
6 c <NA> 3
7 d <NA> 4
5.4.半連接:返回能夠與y表匹配的x表所有記錄semi_join
> semi_join(x = test1, y = test2, by = 'x')
x z
1 b A
2 e B
3 f C
5.5. 反連接:返回?zé)o法與y表匹配的x表的所記錄anti_join
> anti_join(x = test2, y = test1, by = 'x')
x y
1 a 1
2 c 3
3 d 4
5.6.簡單合并
> test1 <- data.frame(x = c(1,2,3,4), y = c(10,20,30,40))
> test1
x y
1 1 10
2 2 20
3 3 30
4 4 40
> test2 <- data.frame(x = c(5,6), y = c(50,60))
> test2
x y
1 5 50
2 6 60
> test3 <- data.frame(z = c(100,200,300,400))
> test3
z
1 100
2 200
3 300
4 400
> bind_rows(test1, test2)
x y
1 1 10
2 2 20
3 3 30
4 4 40
5 5 50
6 6 60
> bind_cols(test1, test3)
x y z
1 1 10 100
2 2 20 200
3 3 30 300
4 4 40 400
附思維導(dǎo)圖一張

54th學(xué)習(xí)小組Day6-Ju Chen.png