Present Perfect
現(xiàn)在完成式
We use the present perfect tense to talkabout things that happened in the past which have a connection to the present.
我們用現(xiàn)在完成式表達(dá)在過去發(fā)生現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的事情。
Structure
句型
To make the present perfect tense, we use:
現(xiàn)在完成式的句型：
I/you/we/they + have + past participle
It/he/she + has + past participle
For most verbs, the past participle is thesame as the past simple:
大多數(shù)的動(dòng)詞過去完成式和過去式是一樣的
例如：
lookedàlooked
playedàplayed
triedàtried
Examples: eat
以eat為例
Positive statement
肯定句
Ihave eaten breakfast already.
I’veeaten breakfast already.
Negative statement
否定句
Ihave not eaten breakfast yet.
Ihaven’t eaten breakfast yet.
Question
疑問句
Haveyou eaten breakfast yet?
Been or gone?
用been還是gone？
We use:
- been for visits which have been completed
been表示visit已經(jīng)完成，過去曾經(jīng)在某地現(xiàn)在不在
- gone for visits which have not been completed
gone表示visit未完成，過去曾經(jīng)在某地現(xiàn)在還在
例如：
My friend visited Australia in 2006.
He has been to Australia.
He flew to Australia last week & isstill there.
He has gone to Australia.
We use the present perfect to talk aboutunfinished periods of time.
我們用現(xiàn)在完成式表示在某個(gè)的時(shí)間上尚未完成的事情
例如：
I haven’t seen my mother today.
(I didn’t see her today, but I still mightsee her before today is over)
I’ve eaten two sandwiches this week.
(I already ate two sandwiches and I mighteat some more before the week’s end)
We use the present perfect to talk aboutunfinished periods of time.
I haven’t seen my mother today.
(I didn’t see her today, but I still mightsee her before today is over)
I’ve eaten two sandwiches this week.
(I already ate two sandwiches and I mighteat some more before the week’s end)
We use the present perfect to talk aboutsomething that started in the past and continues into the present
我們用現(xiàn)在完成式表示某事從過去開始發(fā)生持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。
例如：
I have lived here for three years.
(I started living here 3 years ago & Istill live here)
since or for
用since還是for
Since is used for a specific start time inthe past
since表示具體某個(gè)開始的時(shí)間點(diǎn)
例如：
(e.g. July, 2010, last Monday)
I have known hersinceJuly.
I have lived heresince2010.
For is used for a period of time
for用來表示具體的一段時(shí)間
(e.g. 3 years, a month, 5 minutes, an hour)
I have known herfora month.
I have lived herefortwo years.
今日作業(yè)：
完成Homework Sheet
