DEFINATION

Science is an ongoing search for truth -- a perpetual struggle o discover how the Universe works that goes back to the earliest civilizations. Driven by human curiosity, it has relied on reasoning, observation, and experiment.

Scientific Method

make observations --> form a theory to explain what is going on -->carry out an experiment to see whether the theory works

Science can never prove that a theory is correct; it can only disprove things.

Knowledge:

1. geocentric Universe

地心說(shuō)（或稱天動(dòng)說(shuō)），是古人認(rèn)為地球是宇宙的中心，而其他的星球都環(huán)繞著它而運(yùn)行的學(xué)說(shuō)。

2. four bodily humours

體液學(xué)說(shuō)（英語(yǔ)：Humorism，Humoralism或Humorae theory），起源于古希臘的醫(yī)學(xué)理論，認(rèn)為人體是由四種體液構(gòu)成－血液、黏液、黃膽汁和黑膽汁，這四種體液對(duì)應(yīng)到四種元素、四種氣質(zhì)，四種體液在人體內(nèi)失去平衡就會(huì)造成疾病，又稱為四體液學(xué)說(shuō)、四體液說(shuō)。

3. fire-element phlogiston

燃素說(shuō)（英語(yǔ)：Phlogiston theory），一個(gè)已被取代的化學(xué)理論，起源于17世紀(jì)。這個(gè)理論假設(shè)，任何物質(zhì)在燃燒時(shí)，都會(huì)釋放出一種名叫燃素（Phlogiston）的成分。

Vocabulary

1. gold leaf：Gold leaf is gold that has been beaten flat into very thin sheets and is used for decoration, for example to form the letters on the cover of a book.

2.foil :?

(1) Foil consists of sheets of metal as thin as paper. It is used to wrap?food in.

(2) If you foil someone's plan?or attempt to do something, for example to commit a crime,?you succeed?in stopping?them from doing what they want.

The idea of building a roof terrace was also foiled by the planning authorities.

(3) If you refer to one thing or person as a foil for another, you approve of the fact that they contrast with each other and go well?together, often in a way that makes the second thing or person seem better or less harmful.

A cold beer is the perfect foil for a curry.

3. astrolabe: an instrument used by early astronomers to measure the of star altitudes and planets?and also as a navigational aid. It consists of a graduated circular disc?with a movable sighting device. 星盤(pán)

4. fold-out: printing another name for gatefold.

An oversize page in a book or magazine that is folded in.

5. phlogiston (舊時(shí)人們?nèi)藗冋J(rèn)為存在于可燃物中的)燃素,熱素

6. strata

stratum: A stratum of society is a group of people in it who are similar in their education, income, or social status.

It was an enormous task that affected every stratum of society.

stratum: different layers of rock.

Contained within the rock strata is evidence that the region was intensely dry 15,000 years ago.

7. palaeontology 古生物學(xué)

8. take root: If an idea, belief, or custom takes root,?it becomes established?among a group of people.

Time would be needed for democracy to take root.

9. leap-frogging

leapfrog: If one group of people leapfrogs into a particular position?or leapfrogs someone else, they use the achievements of another person or group in order to make advances of their own.?

American researchers have now leapfrogged the Japanese and are going to produce a digital system within a year or two.

10. chromosome 染色體

11. star-gazer 仰望星空的人

12. aether: a medium that was once supposed to fill all space and to support the propagation of electromagnetic waves