跟著奶爸，重新梳理的英語(yǔ)的時(shí)與態(tài)，有史以來(lái)我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最清晰的思路?？偨Y(jié)如下：

大部分的時(shí)態(tài)都是先說(shuō)時(shí)態(tài)，然后從現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)三個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)來(lái)講述這個(gè)語(yǔ)態(tài)。而過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，是固定時(shí)間，然后從一般態(tài)、進(jìn)行態(tài)、完成態(tài) 來(lái)講述。

一般態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do

I walk to school every day.
I go to gym twice a week.
My grandfather takes a walk in the park every moring.

一般過(guò)去時(shí) done

I felt bord,so I went to movies with several friends yestoday.

一般將來(lái)時(shí) will do/be going to do

We are going to have lanch soon.

進(jìn)行態(tài)

強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程。生動(dòng)形象的描繪，必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。不能是瞬間動(dòng)詞。

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are doing

表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
表示即將開始的動(dòng)作。
go /come/leave/arrive/land/meet/die/start/return/join/
Look，the bus is coming.
He is dying.
Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.
常用副詞：always/forever/continually/constantly 表示說(shuō)話人帶有感情色彩。贊賞的或者厭惡的。
The teacher is constantly criticizing her students for being late.
What are you doing under the table.
You are putting on weight.
The workers are building a new bridge across the river.

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were doing

表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
When I arrived ,they were watching TV.
I was playing chess at 8 yesterday evening.
表示過(guò)去某階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作
They were doing housework this time last week.
I dreamed about you when the telephone was ring
過(guò)去某時(shí)將發(fā)生的事
They told me that they were leaving for NEW YORK.
He was going out when I arrived.
用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
She told me to wake him up if she was sleeping.
I asked my friend to warn me about it as long as I was driving too fast.

將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) will be doing

I will be studying in American next year .
My father will be mowing the lawn tomorrow.

完成態(tài)

(表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果, 可以是瞬間完成的動(dòng)作，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have done

John has read the novel three times.
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如下：
Since
For+時(shí)間段 for 3 years
So far /up to now
Recently/lately
Once/twice/three times/many times
Over/during/for+ the last/the past
Over the last 5 years
Over the past 5years
During the last 5years
During the past 5years
For the last 5years
For the past 5years

過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done

不可單獨(dú)使用，一定要有一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)明在過(guò)去。
Li lei had lived in Beijing for 10 years before he returned to England.
By the time I got to the station,the train had left
Before + 過(guò)去時(shí)的句子
By the time I got to the station

將來(lái)完成時(shí) will have done

一般加 by 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 表示到…的時(shí)候
John will have arrived in new york by this time tomorrow.
By the end of this year
By the end of next year
By this time tomorrow

完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

（必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作的過(guò)程或者說(shuō)持續(xù)性。完成態(tài)進(jìn)行態(tài)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成完成態(tài)，但是完成態(tài)不能轉(zhuǎn)換成完成進(jìn)行態(tài)，因?yàn)橥瓿蓱B(tài)有瞬間動(dòng)詞）

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)Have been doing

表示動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還會(huì)一直持續(xù)下去。
John has learning English since last year , he expects to study in Japan in the future.

過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)Had been doing

表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始，到過(guò)去某某一時(shí)間仍在進(jìn)行或剛剛結(jié)束。必須要有一特定過(guò)去時(shí)間為前提。
By the time her car broken down ,she had been driving for 8 hours.
I had been waiting in the room for half an hour before she called me in.

將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) will have been doing

表示動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到將來(lái)某時(shí)，還會(huì)一直持續(xù)下去
Mr li will have been teaching for 10 years by the end of next year.

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。
(很少用，主要是放在敘述性故事中，或者間接引語(yǔ)中)

一般態(tài)Would do

In the letter she said she would come to England next year.
He said that they would meet me at the station.

進(jìn)行態(tài)Would be doing

He asked me what I should be doing at 10 am the next day.

完成態(tài)Would have done

He told us he would have finished the work by 8 o’clock.

最易搞混的4個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞 begin/die/marry/go.

這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞不能用在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)里，如果一定要用需要說(shuō)是保持…的狀態(tài)，使用主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
He has been to Beijing for 3years
He has been married for 3years
He has been dead for 3years
The game has been begun for 20 minutes

                                                                          2017.9.30
                                                                          by Ivy.