? ? ? ? ? ?? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????表示推測的情態(tài)動詞
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老師叮嚀：李輝老師說，“一切的道理比不過三個(gè)字，‘我愿意！’。”情態(tài)動詞這個(gè)部分雖然并不在高考中占據(jù)很大的分值，但是掌握情態(tài)動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)愿意把英語學(xué)好的人所必需的。下面的內(nèi)容就為大家講解了表示推測的情態(tài)動詞。本文經(jīng)過了全網(wǎng)首席高考英語名師李輝老師團(tuán)隊(duì)高度認(rèn)真的整理校對,無錯、可信!可供全國各省高中生打印、背誦！
?情態(tài)動詞must, can / could, may / might均可表示推測，它們可以對過去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r作出語氣強(qiáng)弱不同的推測。在運(yùn)用情態(tài)動詞表示推測時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該著重把握以下兩點(diǎn)：
1.?把握推測語氣的特點(diǎn)，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞。
(1) 表示肯定的推測時(shí)，各情態(tài)動詞語氣從弱到強(qiáng)依次為might→may→could→can→must；表示否定的推測時(shí)，can’t / couldn’t語氣較強(qiáng)，意為“不可能”；may not / might not語氣較弱，意為“可能不”。
【注意】must的否定形式mustn’t不表示否定推測，而是表示“不許可”或“不應(yīng)該”。
(2) 情態(tài)動詞表示推測時(shí)，在用法上有一些限制：
l must只用于肯定句中，意為“一定，準(zhǔn)是”。Eg：
They have been working hard all day. They must?be tired.
l can多用于否定句或疑問句中，could可用于各種句式。Eg：
Can the story be true?
Simon can’t be at home, for I saw him going shop-ping just now.
You mustn’t smoke when you are walking around in the wood.?You could start a fire.
l may / might用于肯定句和否定句中。Eg：
It may or may not rain. I’m not sure.
Peter might come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
2.?確定被推測時(shí)間，正確判斷動詞時(shí)態(tài)。
(1) 對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r進(jìn)行推測時(shí)，用“情態(tài)動詞+do”。Eg：
Mr. Reed looks pale. He may be ill.
If you don’t have a guide, you could lose your way.
(2) 對此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測時(shí)，用“情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞-ing形式”。Eg：
At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.
He could be doing his homework in his room now.
He may be waiting for you now.
(3) 對過去的情況進(jìn)行推測時(shí)，用“情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞”。Eg：
The road is wet. It must have rained last night.
Mars couldn’t have watched TV yesterday for he knew they would have an exam.
He didn’t come to school yesterday. He might have been ill.
【拓展】在特定的語境中，“might/could+have+過去分詞”不是對一件事情是否發(fā)生進(jìn)行推測，而是表示本來可能發(fā)生但沒有發(fā)生，或者本來可能完成卻沒有完成的動作，有時(shí)具有一定的感情色彩。
[if !supportLists]l?[endif]might have done本可以做（卻沒有），有時(shí)表示很委婉的責(zé)備。Eg：
You might have phoned me, though you were busy then.
l could have done本可能做（卻沒有）。Eg：
He could have caught the early bus, but he was delayed by helping a stranger.
文末，幾句諺語送給大家：
Diligence is the mother of success.
勤奮是成功之母
Time and tide wait for no man.
歲月無情
Pleasant hours fly past.
快樂時(shí)光去如飛
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【即學(xué)即練】用must, can/could, may/might及括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式填空。
1. —Where is David?
—He ________?(be)?at school. Classes begin at 8.
2. I’m absolutely sure! They ________ (arrive)?yesterday. I saw their tickets.
3.? Are you joking? Mark ________ (go) to Paris. He doesn’t have enough money.
4. They ________ (live) in New York, but I’m not sure.
5. The concert ________ (be) wonderful last night. Fiore is a great conductor.
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答案：
【即學(xué)即練】
[if !supportLists]1.?[endif]must be
[if !supportLists]2.?[endif]must have arrived
[if !supportLists]3.?[endif]can’t have gone
[if !supportLists]4.?[endif]may/might/could live
[if !supportLists]5.?[endif]must have been
