筆者從Window上轉(zhuǎn)到Mac上做開(kāi)發(fā),一切配置都要重新開(kāi)始,開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境配置介紹如下:
1. 下載JDK
從下面鏈接選擇合適版本的安裝包進(jìn)行下載...筆者下載的是jdk-9.0.1
鏈接:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
2. 安裝JDK
雙擊jdk-9.0.1_osx-x64_bin.dmg文件進(jìn)行安裝
3. 查看是否安裝成功
打開(kāi)terminal,輸入:java -version
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:Code jiaxin$ java -version
java version "9.0.1" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 9.0.1+11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 9.0.1+11, mixed mode)</pre>
4. 配置PATH和CALSSPATH路徑
打開(kāi)terminal,打開(kāi)profile文件(需要輸入密碼)
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:Code jiaxin$ sudo vim /etc/profile
Password:</pre>
在文件末尾添加JAVA_HOME路徑(切換英文輸入法,鍵入“i”,進(jìn)入插入模式)
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JAVA_HOME="/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-9.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/" CLASS_PATH="PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin</pre>
其中,第一行
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">JAVA_HOME="/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-9.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/"</pre>
里面
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">jdk-9.0.1.jdk</pre>
是一個(gè)文件夾,根據(jù)你安裝的JDK版本,具體查看方式:打開(kāi)Finder,快捷鍵 “Command + Shift + G”,輸入
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/</pre>
單擊回車(chē),就可以看到

加上后顯示如下(確認(rèn)添加完畢,按esc退出插入模式,英文輸入發(fā)下鍵入“:wq!”保存并退出profile文件)
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<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;"># System-wide .profile for sh(1) if [ -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ]; then eval /usr/libexec/path_helper -s fi
if [ "JAVA_HOME/lib" PATH=".:
JAVA_HOME/bin"</pre>

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5. 查看JAVA_HOME是否配置成功
重啟terminal,或者輸入以下命令使生效
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$ source /etc/profile</pre>
6. 查看更改后的JAVA_HOME路徑
輸入echo $JAVA_HOME
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxinJAVA_HOME /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-9.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/</pre>
到這里在Mac配置Java開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境就算完成!
7. 測(cè)試Java程序的編譯運(yùn)行
配置完了自然是要測(cè)試一下是否能夠編譯運(yùn)行著名的Hello.java
代碼如下:
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">1 class Hello { 2
3 public static void main(String[] args) { 4 System.out.println("Helllo"); 5 } 6 }</pre>
在terminal上輸入:javac Hello.java,單擊回車(chē),進(jìn)入文件目錄查看是否生成class文件
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">sJiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~/Documents/Develop/Java/Code jiaxin$javac Hello.java</pre>
運(yùn)行正常
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~/Documents/Develop/Java/Code jiaxin$java Hello
Helllo</pre>
至此,真正完成了在Mac配置Java開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境!
補(bǔ)充
- CLASS_PATH、PATH環(huán)境變量的作用
(1)CLASS_PATH 保證class文件能夠在任意目錄下運(yùn)行
(2)PATH 保證javac可以在任意目錄下運(yùn)行
- 下面介紹如何設(shè)置terminal顯示全路徑
(1)查看terminal當(dāng)前設(shè)置,鍵入:echo $PS1
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxinPS1
\h:\W \u$</pre>
(2)更改配置
- 進(jìn)入用戶(hù)目錄
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$ cd ~</pre>
- 用文本編輯器編輯bash_profile文件
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$ open -e .bash_profile</pre>
-- 如果顯示沒(méi)有如下,則是沒(méi)有該文件,需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$ open -e .bash_profile
The file /Users/jiaxin/.bash_profile does not exist.</pre>
-- 查看bash當(dāng)下文件
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$ ls .bash* .bash_history</pre>
-- 新建bash_profile文件并查看是否新建成功
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin ls .bash* .bash_history .bash_profile</pre>
- 編輯bash_profile文件
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$ vim .bash_profile</pre>
--輸入以下內(nèi)容顯示全路徑,保存并退出(編輯及保存退出操作見(jiàn)上文“4. 配置PATH和CALSSPATH路徑”)
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">export PS1="\h:\w \u$"</pre>
--如果只要顯示用戶(hù)路徑則輸入,保存并退出
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">export PS1="\u \w$" </pre>
- 保存文件,重啟terminal或者輸入以下命令,使生效
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxin$source .bash_profile</pre>
(3)檢查是否生效成功,和(1)的情況進(jìn)行比較
<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">JiaxindeMacBook-Pro:~ jiaxinPS1
\h:\w \u$</pre>
(4)附錄,PS1內(nèi)容詳情
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<pre style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">\a ASCII 響鈴字符(也可以鍵入 \007)
\d "Wed Sep 06" 格式的日期
\e ASCII 轉(zhuǎn)義字符(也可以鍵入 \033)
\h 主機(jī)名的第一部分(如 "mybox")
\H 主機(jī)的全稱(chēng)(如 "mybox.mydomain.com")
\j 在此 shell 中通過(guò)按 ^Z 掛起的進(jìn)程數(shù)
\l 此 shell 的終端設(shè)備名(如 "ttyp4")
\n 換行符
\r 回車(chē)符
\s shell 的名稱(chēng)(如 "bash")
\t 24 小時(shí)制時(shí)間(如 "23:01:01")
\T 12 小時(shí)制時(shí)間(如 "11:01:01")
@ 帶有 am/pm 的 12 小時(shí)制時(shí)間
\u 用戶(hù)名
\v bash 的版本(如 2.04)
\V Bash 版本(包括補(bǔ)丁級(jí)別) ?/td>
\w 當(dāng)前工作目錄(如 "/home/drobbins")
\W 當(dāng)前工作目錄的“基名 (basename)”(如 "drobbins")
! 當(dāng)前命令在歷史緩沖區(qū)中的位置
# 命令編號(hào)(只要您鍵入內(nèi)容,它就會(huì)在每次提示時(shí)累加)
$ 如果您不是超級(jí)用戶(hù) (root),則插入一個(gè) "$";如果您是超級(jí)用戶(hù),則顯示一個(gè) "#"
\xxx 插入一個(gè)用三位數(shù) xxx(用零代替未使用的數(shù)字,如 "\007")表示的 ASCII 字符
\ 反斜杠
[ 這個(gè)序列應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在不移動(dòng)光標(biāo)的字符序列(如顏色轉(zhuǎn)義序列)之前。它使 bash 能夠正確計(jì)算自動(dòng)換行。
] 這個(gè)序列應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在非打印字符序列之后</pre>

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參考鏈接:
1、http://blog.csdn.net/wwj_748/article/details/44628111