《Human centered Design》
第一個(gè)課程偏概念導(dǎo)論，重新梳理了一下新接觸到的方法論，方便自己理解。
課程結(jié)構(gòu)：挖掘需求→原型設(shè)計(jì)→評(píng)估設(shè)計(jì)
01.發(fā)現(xiàn)需求&定義目標(biāo)
觀(guān)察和采訪(fǎng)：避免主觀(guān)傾向性，不然容易產(chǎn)生偽需求
用戶(hù)肖像：幫助將用戶(hù)群細(xì)分結(jié)構(gòu)化，從不同維度來(lái)看需求
02.如何快速原型化？
考量：保真度&時(shí)間成本
高保真的原型投入太大，用戶(hù)批評(píng)起來(lái)有壓力
低保真的原型反而容易獲得更多用戶(hù)反饋
1.storyboarding：溝通場(chǎng)景和任務(wù)
2.Paper Prototyping：溝通草稿界面
3.Wizard of OZ：模擬交互（通過(guò)人的操作來(lái)替代機(jī)器的行為；一個(gè)人模擬機(jī)器，一個(gè)人讀劇本輸入指令，一個(gè)人模擬用戶(hù)輸出行為/反應(yīng)，快速發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題），在youtube上搜的一個(gè)案例：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8SEFSpBYzY
4.Digital Mockup：溝通精細(xì)界面（上Axure或Principle了）
5.Parallel Design：多個(gè)并行方案，多個(gè)版本更有利于對(duì)比和決策，產(chǎn)出更好的結(jié)果
my assignment here：
Problem?: A freshman may not notice what traffic problem they would face, sometimes they notice it, but they have to search it online which is hard with high cost .?
Idea 1: Map app diagnose that，and integrate all the solutions into navigation flow. Fold all the informations under a module（Advantage:we would not miss any thing important because we always use a Map to navigate before getting around)
Idea 2:?Instead of integrate solutions into navigation flow. Fold them separately , display in categories. (Advantage:Users can learn all the solutions in advance clearly)
Idea 3:?Add a compare system for global travelers. It helps users to finder better choice and also helps backend to diagnose what the travelers may need to know better.
03 評(píng)估設(shè)計(jì)
不同的測(cè)試方式解決不同的問(wèn)題,適用于開(kāi)發(fā)中的不同階段。
啟發(fā)式評(píng)估 Heuristic evaluating：
3-5人獨(dú)立評(píng)估-各自發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題-匯總討論
來(lái)自Jacob Nilsen的幾條原則，很實(shí)用的框架但不限于此：https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/
內(nèi)容-易識(shí)別
Match between system and the real world
Consistency and standards（一致性）
Aesthetic and minimalist design
行動(dòng)-流暢
User control and freedom
Recognition rather than recall（比如default）
Flexibility and efficiency of use（推薦系統(tǒng)、預(yù)測(cè)行動(dòng)、開(kāi)放式選項(xiàng)、關(guān)聯(lián)內(nèi)容）
響應(yīng)/反饋-不缺失
Error prevention（報(bào)錯(cuò)）
Visibility of system status（如：告知變化、下一步、時(shí)間、已完成，等狀態(tài)）
Help and documentation
Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors（如，填表格后報(bào)錯(cuò)并提示如何正確填寫(xiě)；搜索引擎直接替換輸入錯(cuò)誤）
