layout: post
title: "cURL"
date: 2016-05-12 20:52:24 +0800
comments: true
categories:
cURl的概念
cURL(Client URL Library Functions)使用URL語(yǔ)法傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的命令行工具
使用場(chǎng)景
-
網(wǎng)頁(yè)資源
- 網(wǎng)頁(yè)爬蟲(chóng)
-
WebService數(shù)據(jù)接口資源
- 動(dòng)態(tài)獲取接口數(shù)據(jù),如天氣 號(hào)碼歸屬地等
-
FTP服務(wù)器里面的文件資源
- 下載Ftp里面的文件
-
其他資源
- 所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的資源都可以用cURL訪(fǎng)問(wèn)和下載
確定是否支持cURLphp -i |grep cURL
cURL操作步驟
- 初始化
- curl_init()
- 執(zhí)行
- curl_exec()
- 關(guān)閉
- curl_close()
實(shí)例
- 簡(jiǎn)單的網(wǎng)頁(yè)爬蟲(chóng)
<?php
$curl=curl_init('http://www.baidu.com');
curl_exec($curl);
curl_close($curl);
?>
- 抓取網(wǎng)頁(yè)并替換部分內(nèi)容
<?php
/**
* 在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上下載一個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)并把內(nèi)容中的“百度”替換為“GOOD”之后輸出
*/
$curlobj = curl_init(); // 初始化
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.baidu.com"); // 設(shè)置訪(fǎng)問(wèn)網(wǎng)頁(yè)的URL
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); // 執(zhí)行之后不直接打印出來(lái)
$output=curl_exec($curlobj); // 執(zhí)行
curl_close($curlobj); // 關(guān)閉cURL
echo str_replace("百度","GOOD",$output);
?>
- 調(diào)用WebService獲取天氣信息
代碼需要修改
<?php
$data = sprintf('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soap:Body>
<getWeatherbyCityName xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
<theCityName>%s</theCityName>
</getWeatherbyCityName>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>','北京');
$curlobj = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx");
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8",
"Content-length: ".strlen($data),
"SOAPAction:\"http://WebXml.com.cn/getWeatherbyCityName\""));
$rtn = curl_exec($curlobj);
if(!curl_errno($curlobj)){
$info = curl_getinfo($curlobj);
print_r($info);
echo "RETURN: " . $rtn;
} else {
echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($curlobj);
}
curl_close($curlobj);
?>
- 登錄網(wǎng)站并下載個(gè)人空間頁(yè)面
<?php
/**
* 登錄慕課網(wǎng)并下載個(gè)人空間頁(yè)面
*/
$data=array('username' => 'promonkey',
'password' => '1q2w3e',
'remember'=>1);
$data='username=xxx&password=xxx&remember=1';
$curlobj = curl_init(); // 初始化
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.imooc.com/user/login"); // 設(shè)置訪(fǎng)問(wèn)網(wǎng)頁(yè)的URL
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); // 執(zhí)行之后不直接打印出來(lái)
// Cookie相關(guān)設(shè)置,這部分設(shè)置需要在所有會(huì)話(huà)開(kāi)始之前設(shè)置
date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); // 使用Cookie時(shí),必須先設(shè)置時(shí)區(qū)
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION, TRUE);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1); // 這樣能夠讓cURL支持頁(yè)面鏈接跳轉(zhuǎn)
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8",
"Content-length: ".strlen($data)
));
curl_exec($curlobj); // 執(zhí)行
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.imooc.com/space/index");
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POST, 0);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Content-type: text/xml"
));
$output=curl_exec($curlobj); // 執(zhí)行
curl_close($curlobj); // 關(guān)閉cURL
echo $output;
?>
- FTP服務(wù)器下載文件
<?php
/**
* 從FTP服務(wù)器下載一個(gè)文件到本地
*/
$curlobj = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "ftp://xxx(ip)/downloaddemo.txt");
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 300); // times out after 300s
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "xxx:xxx");//FTP用戶(hù)名:密碼
// Sets up the output file
$outfile = fopen('dest.txt', 'wb');//保存到本地的文件名
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_FILE, $outfile);
$rtn = curl_exec($curlobj);
fclose($outfile);
if(!curl_errno($curlobj)){
// $info = curl_getinfo($curlobj);
// print_r($info);
echo "RETURN: " . $rtn;
} else {
echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($curlobj);
}
curl_close($curlobj);
?>
- 上傳文件到FTP
<?php
/**
* 把本地文件上傳到FTP服務(wù)器上
*/
$curlobj = curl_init();
$localfile = 'ftp01.php';
$fp = fopen($localfile, 'r');
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "ftp://xxx/ftp01_uploaded.php");
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 300); // times out after 300s
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "xxx:xxx");//FTP用戶(hù)名:密碼
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_INFILE, $fp);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, filesize($localfile));
$rtn = curl_exec($curlobj);
fclose($fp);
if(!curl_errno($curlobj)){
echo "Uploaded successfully.";
} else {
echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($curlobj);
}
curl_close($curlobj);
?>
- 訪(fǎng)問(wèn)HTTPS資源
<?php
/**
* 下載網(wǎng)絡(luò)上面的一個(gè)HTTPS的資源
*/
$curlobj = curl_init(); // 初始化
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.validate/1.12.0/jquery.validate.js"); // 設(shè)置訪(fǎng)問(wèn)網(wǎng)頁(yè)的URL
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); // 執(zhí)行之后不直接打印出來(lái)
// 設(shè)置HTTPS支持
date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); // 使用Cookie時(shí),必須先設(shè)置時(shí)區(qū)
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0); // 對(duì)認(rèn)證證書(shū)來(lái)源的檢查從證書(shū)中檢查SSL加密算法是否存在
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2); //
$output=curl_exec($curlobj); // 執(zhí)行
curl_close($curlobj); // 關(guān)閉cURL
echo $output;
?>