Writing is a process that involves the following steps:

1.Discovering a thesis(Unity)-often through prewriting

2.Developing solid support for the thesis(support/coherence)-often through more prewriting

3.Organizing the thesis and supporting material and writing it out in a first draft.

4.Revising and then editing carefully to ensure an effective,error-free paper.

Prewriting:

It might be difficult to think of a thesis and details to support it.Prewriting can help solve this problem ,and it can be done more effectively with the following 5 techniques.

Technique 1.Free writing

? ? ~no spelling,grammar or punctuating worries

? ? ~write down anything that comes to your mind

Technique 2.Questioning

? ? ?~question when,what,who,why,how to yourself concerning the subject to generate more supporting materials

Technique 3.Making a list

? ? ~AKA,brainstorming.You collect ideas and details related to your subject

? ? ~make a list of everything

Technique 4.Clustering

? ? ? ~AKA, mapping,diagramming.

? ? ?~Begin by stating your subject in a few word in the center of a blank sheet,put ideas in boxes around it.-思維導(dǎo)圖

Technique 5.Preparing a scratch outline

? ? ~scratch outline serves as an excellent sequel(續(xù)集/結(jié)局) to the previous four techniques.

Writing first draft:

Using the outline to write the first draft and don't worry if you hit as snag-just leave it . Don't worry yet about grammar.Make it your goal to state your thesis clearly and develop the content of your paper with plenty of specific details

Revising:

Revising a rough draft three or four times is often at the heart of the writing process.

? ? ? ~Set your first draft aside for a while so you can come back with a fresh and more objective point of view.

Three stages to the revising process:

~revising content

? ? ~unified?-thesis clearly stated/all supporting paragraphs truly support the thesis

? ? ~supported?-3 supporting points/specific evidence

? ? ~organized?-interesting intro/connecting words

See c3/4 for more details

~revising sentences

? ? ~parallelism/specific words/active verbs/avoid slangs.../vary the sentences

See c5 for more details

~editing

? ?~check for and correct errors in grammar ,spelling,punctuating.

prewriting可以在紙上完成，草稿用電腦寫，打出來后進(jìn)行修改，可以提高效率。

以上過程總體而言是啟發(fā)思路，明確主題，尋找論據(jù)的過程。