1. 這是什么詞?? ? ? ?
詞:alternative? ?
英英釋義:something that you can choose instead of something else? ?
例句:Equipped with best-in-class delivery networks, JD.com has become a popular alternative to Taobao.com.? ?
2. 為什么選這個(gè)詞?? ?
“alternative” 既是形容詞也是名詞,今天我們學(xué)習(xí)它的名詞用法。作為名詞,alternative 表示“可供替代的”,是個(gè)可以用在口語(yǔ)和寫(xiě)作中,讓表達(dá)更加簡(jiǎn)潔的單詞。我們想表示“選擇”時(shí),除了“choice” “option”外,很多時(shí)候還可以使用 alternative。? ?
比如對(duì)有些人來(lái)說(shuō),除了在淘寶上購(gòu)物外,還會(huì)因?yàn)榫〇|物流快而在京東上買(mǎi)東西,我們就可以說(shuō):? ?
Equipped with best-in-class delivery networks, JD.com has become a popular alternative to Taobao.com.? ?
要注意,alternative 后常接介詞 to,A is an alternative to B,就是說(shuō)“A 是 B 的替代品” “代替 B 做法的另一做法(A)”。?
和我們前面學(xué)習(xí)的 panacea 一樣,在說(shuō)到問(wèn)題的解決方案時(shí),就可以用到alternative。
比如在寫(xiě)教育話題時(shí),我們想表達(dá)為了滿足不同的學(xué)習(xí)需求,學(xué)校除了提供實(shí)體課堂外,還應(yīng)該為學(xué)生提供更多的選擇,就可以說(shuō):? ?
To cater to various learning needs, schools should offer students more alternatives, say online courses, to classes delivered on campus.? ?
《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》曾在一篇文章中引用過(guò)葡萄牙總理 Antonio Costa 的一句話:? ?
“We showed that there is an alternative to ‘There is no alternative,’” says Mr Costa.? ?
“別無(wú)選擇”的英文可以說(shuō)成“There is no alternative”。 當(dāng)我們認(rèn)為別無(wú)選擇的時(shí)候,可以試著鼓勵(lì)自己說(shuō)一句:There is aways an alternative to “There is no alternative”。? ? ? ?
3. 怎樣學(xué)會(huì)使用這個(gè)詞?? ? ? ?
1)使用《牛津英語(yǔ)搭配詞典》查“alternative”,了解它作為名詞時(shí)的常用搭配。?
alternative noun
[搭配]ADJ.
attractive, constructive, effective, good, radical, useful 誘人的/ 建設(shè)性的/ 有效的/ 好的/ 根本的/ 有用的選擇
acceptable, available, credible, possible, practical, real, realistic, reasonable, satisfactory, serious, suitable, viable 可接受的/ 現(xiàn)有的/ 可信的/ 可能的/ 實(shí)用的/ 真實(shí)的/ 現(xiàn)實(shí)的/ 合理的/ 滿意的/ 認(rèn)真的/ 合適的/ 可行的選擇:
Is there a viable alternative to prison? 除入獄外還有無(wú)其它可行的辦法?
clear, obvious 明確的選擇;顯而易見(jiàn)的選擇
cheap, healthy, interesting, safe 便宜的/ 健康的/ 有意思的/ 安全的替代 :a healthier alternative to fizzy drinks 比起泡飲料更健康的另一選擇
[搭配]VERB + ALTERNATIVE
have 有選擇:We have two alternatives. 我們有兩個(gè)選擇。
offer, provide 提供選擇:His idea seemed to offer a possible alternative. 他的想法似乎提供了另一種可能的選擇。
seek 尋找替代物:seeking alternatives to nuclear power 尋找核能的替代物
find 找替代品:We’ll have to find an alternative. 我們必須找到替代品。
[搭配]PREP.
~ for 給… 的選擇:There is no alternative for those with no car of their own. 沒(méi)有私家車的人就沒(méi)有選擇余地了。
~ to 除…以外的其它選擇: Is there an alternative to surgery for this complaint? 除了手術(shù)外,這種毛病還有其它治療方法嗎?
[搭配]PHRASES
have little/no alternative (but to)(除…外)幾乎/ 完全沒(méi)有其它選擇:
She had no alternative but to do as he said. 她別無(wú)選擇,只能照他說(shuō)的做。
leave sb with no alternative (but to)使某人別無(wú)選擇(而只能…):
He was left with no alternative but to hobble to the nearest telephone box. 他別無(wú)他法,只能一瘸一拐地走到最近的電話亭。
2)翻譯下面的句子:? ? ? ?
如今,許多美國(guó)的大學(xué)除了接受托福成績(jī)外,也接受雅思成績(jī)。? ?
Many universities in US accept IELTS now as an alternative to TOEFL.
In addition to TOEFL, Many Universities in United States also admit IELTS.
(參考翻譯:Many universities in the United States now accept the IELTS as an alternative to the TOEFL.)? ?
3)結(jié)合自己的生活、學(xué)習(xí)、工作、興趣等,想象在什么語(yǔ)境下會(huì)用到這個(gè)表達(dá)。先簡(jiǎn)要描述這個(gè)場(chǎng)景,再造句。? ? ? ?
例子: Reading on apps like Wechat Read are great alternatives to e-reader Kindle. For example, it is easier and more efficient to make notes and start a new book on apps than on Kindle. But if you read books in English, it is a good alternative on a kindle, I must admit that.
場(chǎng)景 :除了kindle,在手機(jī)app上看書(shū)比如微信閱讀也是個(gè)超棒的選擇。比如記筆記、開(kāi)啟一本新書(shū)的閱讀都要比在kindle上簡(jiǎn)單高效。我也必須承認(rèn)在kindle上閱讀英語(yǔ)書(shū)還不錯(cuò)。