Vocabulary
1.Stagnate:to stop developing or making progress 停滯；不發(fā)展；不進步 If something such as a business or society stagnates, it stops changing or progressing.
【派生詞】stagnationNoun.E.g. a period of economic stagnation 經(jīng)濟停滯時期
2.hallmark: a feature or quality that is typical of sb/sth 特征；特點? The hallmark of something or someone is their most typical quality or feature.
E.g. Police said the explosion bore all the hallmarks of a terrorist attack. 警方稱這次爆炸具有恐怖分子襲擊的所有特征
3.in living memory:? at a time, or during the time, that is remembered by people still alive 在仍活著的人們的記憶中；記憶猶新
E.g.the coldest winter in living memory? 人們記憶中最寒冷的冬天
4.upheaval:a big change that causes a lot of confusion, worry and problems 劇變；激變；動亂；動蕩 【synonyms】disruption .E.g. the latest upheavals in the education system 最近教育制度上的種種變更
5.eliminate:~ sb (from sth) [常用被動態(tài)] to defeat a person or a team so that they no longer take part in a competition, etc. （比賽中/選舉中）淘汰 【synonyms】knock outE.g. All the English teams were eliminated in the early stages of the competition. 所有英格蘭隊伍在比賽初期就被淘汰了
6.ballot： the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held （無記名）投票選舉；投票表決E.g.The chairperson is chosen by secret ballot. 主席是通過無記名投票選舉產(chǎn)生的
7.insurgent: noun.a person fighting against the government or armed forces of their own country 起義者；叛亂者；造反者 【synonyms】rebel 【在文中理解為“黑馬”】
Adj: ?叛亂的【synonyms】rebellious
8.charismatic:adj.** having charisma 有超凡魅力的；有號召力（或感召力）的E.g. a charismatic leader 魅力超凡的領袖
**? believing in special gifts from God; worshipping in a very enthusiastic way 蒙受神恩的；有特恩的；虔誠崇拜的 The charismatic church is the part of the Christian Church that believes that people can obtain special gifts from God, for example the power to heal sick people.
9.upstart:a person who has just started in a new position or job but who behaves as if they are more important than other people, in a way that is annoying 自命不凡的新上任者；狂妄自大的新手
10.realignment: （公司、經(jīng)濟或體系的）重組 If a company, economy, or system goes through a realignment, it is organized or arranged in a new way.E.g. a realignment of the existing political structure 現(xiàn)存政治結(jié)構(gòu)的重組
11.reverberations: the effects of sth that happens, especially unpleasant ones that spread among a large number of people 影響；（尤指）廣泛的消極影響 【synonyms】repercussion
12.revitalise:give new life or vigor to 使恢復元氣，使具有新的活力E.g. The other way for the US to revitalise manufacturing is to promote foreign direct investment 美國振興制造業(yè)的另一個方法是促進外國直接投資
13.wreck:to spoil sth completely 毀滅；毀掉E.g. The weather wrecked all our plans 天氣把我們的計劃全都毀了
14?Les misérables[French]=wretched (English) :
**making you feel sympathy or pity 可憐的；悲慘的
**used to show that you think that sb/sth is extremely annoying （表示憎惡）該死的，無法容忍的
15.fury: a state of being extremely angry about sth 狂怒；暴怒 [synonyms]rageE.g.He flew into a fury when I refused 我拒絕，他就勃然大怒。
16. standard-bearer :(具有共同目標或利益的一群人的)領袖，旗手，代表 If you describe someone as thestandard bearerof a group, you mean that they act as the leader or public representative of a group of people who have the same aims or interests.
E.g. Farrakhan was a poor standard-bearer for the causes of African-Americans.?法拉坎算不上是美國黑人運動的一位模范領袖。
17. ...revealed that he was being formally investigated?for paying his wife and children nearly €1m($1.05m) of public money for?allegedly fake jobs.
Allege: verb . ?to state sth as a fact but without giving proof （未提出證據(jù)）斷言，指稱，聲稱
[派生詞]allegedly: adv? 據(jù)說.? E.g. crimes allegedly committed during the war 據(jù)說是戰(zhàn)爭期間所犯的罪行
18.anguish: formal) severe pain, mental suffering or unhappiness 劇痛；極度痛苦；苦惱
E.g. He groaned in anguish . 他痛苦地呻吟。
[派生詞]anguishedadj. anguished cries 痛苦不堪的，悲痛欲絕的
19.poll：? the process of questioning people who are representative of a larger group in order to get information about the general opinion 民意測驗；民意調(diào)查 [synonyms]survey
E.g. to carry out/conduct a poll 進行民意測驗
20.grumbling: noun. the act of complaining about sth 咕噥；嘟囔；發(fā)牢騷E.g. We didn't hear any grumbling about the food 我們沒聽到過對食物的抱怨
grumblings[復數(shù)] protests about sth that come from a number of people but that are not expressed very clearly （集體的）隱隱的不滿
21.gloom: a feeling of being sad and without hope 憂郁；愁悶；無望 [synonyms]depression.
E.g.The gloom deepened as the election results came in. 選舉結(jié)果陸續(xù)傳來，失敗的情緒越來越重
22.sluggish: adj. ?moving, reacting or working more slowly than normal and in a way that seems lazy 緩慢的；遲緩的；懶洋洋的E.g. a sluggish economy 經(jīng)濟停滯
[派生詞]sluggishly?adv.?sluggishness?noun
23.its vast state, which absorbs 57% of?GDP, has?sapped?the country’s?vitality.
sap:? ~ sth | ~ sb (of sth) to make sth/sb weaker; to destroy sth gradually 使虛弱；削弱；逐漸破壞E.g. Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence 連年失敗使他逐漸喪失了自信。
vitality:energy and enthusiasm 生命力；活力；熱情 【synonyms】?vigour. ?E.g. She is bursting with vitality and new ideas 她朝氣蓬勃，滿腦子新主意。
24.But the?malaise?goes well beyond?stagnant?living standards.
malaise:the problems affecting a particular situation or group of people that are difficult to explain or identify （廣泛存在的）難以捉摸的問題，無法描述的問題E.g.economic/financial/social malaise 揣摩不透的經(jīng)濟 / 金融 / 社會問題
stagnant:? not developing, growing or changing 停滯的；不發(fā)展的；無變化的 [synonyms]static
e.g. a stagnant economy 停滯的經(jīng)濟
25.Repeated terrorist?attacks have?jangled nerves, forced citizens to live under?a state of emergency and exposed deep cultural?rifts?in the?country with Europe’s largest Muslim community.
jangled nerves.? 心煩意亂.
jangle :if your nerves jangle , or if sb/sth jangles them, you feel anxious or upset 刺激，煩擾（神經(jīng)）；（使）煩躁不安.e.g.She was suddenly wide awake, her nerves jangling. 她突然間清醒過來，神經(jīng)焦躁不安
rift:a serious disagreement between people that stops their relationship from continuing 分裂；分歧；嚴重不和e.g. The rift within the party deepened. 黨內(nèi)的分歧加深了
26.get to grips:? to begin to understand and deal with sth difficult 認真對待處理
E.g. The government's first task is to get to grips with the economy 政府的首要任務是處理好經(jīng)濟問題
27.overhaul:an examination of a machine or system, including doing repairs on it or making changes to it 檢修；大修；改造e.g. A radical overhaul of the tax system is necessary. 有必要徹底改革稅制。
28.strike: noun. a period of time when an organized group of employees of a company stops working because of a disagreement over pay or conditions 罷工；罷課；罷市e.g. Air traffic controllers are threatening to come out on/go on strike 空中交通管制員威脅要舉行罷工
29.fell: to make sb fall to the ground 擊倒，打倒
30.disastrous:very bad, harmful or unsuccessful 極糟糕的；災難性的；完全失敗的e.g. Lowering interest rates could have disastrous consequences for the economy. 降低利率可能給經(jīng)濟帶來災難性后果
31.stasis: noun.a situation in which there is no change or development 停滯；靜止E.g. Rock'n'roll had entered a period of stasis 搖滾樂已經(jīng)進入了一個停滯期
32. throw the bums out ： it's used metaphorically to refer to ineffective politicians, or members of a sports team on a losing streak. Thus, we wish to get rid of those worthless members, and replace them with new ones.
33.Both Mr Macron and Ms Le Pen tap into that frustration. But?they offer radically different?diagnoses?of what?ails?France and?radically different?remedies.
tap into : 利用，開發(fā)
diagnosis:? (pl. diagnoses |-si:z|)~ (of sth) the act of discovering or identifying the exact cause of an illness or a problem 診斷；（問題原因的）判斷E.g. An accurate diagnosis was made after a series of tests. 準確的診斷是在一系列的檢查后作出的
remedy:? a way of dealing with or improving an unpleasant or difficult situation 處理方法；改進措施；補償 [synonyms]solution.E.g. There is no simple remedy for unemployment. 失業(yè)問題沒有簡單的解決辦法
ail:to cause problems for sb/sth 困擾；干擾；使麻煩E.g.They discussed the problems ailing the steel industry 他們討論了困擾鋼鐵工業(yè)的問題
34.welfare: practical or financial help that is provided, often by the government, for people or animals that need it （政府給予的）福利E.g. a social welfare programme 社會福利計劃
35.anti-semitic: 反對猶太人的；歧視猶太人的 Someone or something that is anti-Semitic is hostile to or prejudiced against Jewish people.e.g.His anti-Semitic beliefs were well-known in America 他的反猶信仰在美國很出名。
36.shut out: to prevent sb/sth from entering a place 使…不能進入；擋??；遮住e.g.They refused to allow Republicans to offer amendments, effectively shutting them out of the process. 他們拒不允許共和黨人提出修正案，實際上是將他們排除在了進程之外。
37.decry: ~ sb/sth (as sth) (formal) to strongly criticize sb/sth, especially publicly （公開）譴責；（強烈）批評 [synonyms]condemnE.g.The measures were decried as useless
38.perilous: adj. very dangerous 危險的；艱險的 [synonyms]hazardous.E.g.The road grew even steeper and more perilous. 道路變得越來越陡峭，越來越兇險。
39.vow: to make a formal and serious promise to do sth or a formal statement that is true 起誓；立誓；發(fā)誓.e.g. She vowed never to speak to him again. 她發(fā)誓再也不和他說話了
40.mosque:a building in which Muslims worship 清真寺
41.She vows to close radical mosques, stanch the flow of immigrants to a trickle, obstruct foreign trade, swap the euro for a resurrected French franc and call a referendum on leaving the EU. 她發(fā)誓要關閉激進清真寺、停止移民流入，阻礙對外貿(mào)易，將歐元換回法國法郎的復興，呼吁退出歐盟公投。
42.cumbersome：long or complicated 冗長的；累贅的；復雜的
E.g. cumbersome legal procedures 繁瑣的法律程序
43.manifesto:? a written statement in which a group of people, especially a political party, explain their beliefs and say what they will do if they win an election 宣言E.g. the party manifesto 政黨宣言
44.make a hither to extremist party socially acceptable使成為一個社會所允許的極端主義政黨
45. His liberalising programme?will probably be less bold than that of the?beleaguered?MrFillon, who has promised to?trim?the state pay roll by?500,000 workers and?slash?the labour code.
beleaguered:experiencing a lot of criticism and difficulties 飽受批評的；處于困境的.E.g.The beleaguered party leader was forced to resign. 那位飽受指責的政黨領導人被迫辭職。
trim :to make sth neater, smaller, better, etc., by cutting parts from it 修剪；修整E.g. The training budget had been trimmed by ￡10 000.培訓預算削減了1萬英鎊。
slash: to reduce sth by a large amount 大幅度削減；大大降低E.g. to slash costs/prices/fares, etc. 大幅度降低成本、價格、車費等
46.Nonetheless:? despite this fact 盡管如此 [synonyms]neverthelessE.g. The book is too long but, nonetheless, informative and entertaining. 這本書篇幅太長，但是很有知識性和趣味性
47.hefty?loan: 巨額貸款.
hefty :large; larger than usual or expected 很大的；超出一般的；可觀的E.g. They sold it easily and made a hefty profit
Mindmap :?
神句組 ： 【篤師版+注解】
1. Stagnation, both political andeconomic, has been?the hallmark?of a countrywhere little has changed for decades, even aspower has rotated between?the?established parties?of left and right. 政治和經(jīng)濟上的停滯，已成為這個國家的特征，數(shù)十年來幾乎很少改變，即使權(quán)力在建立的左右兩黨之間輪轉(zhuǎn)。
【法國過去幾十年都鮮有變化，政治和經(jīng)濟上的停滯已經(jīng)成了這個國家的典型特征，即便傳統(tǒng)的左派和右派輪流執(zhí)政也毫不起色。注：established這個詞很有意思，絕對的報刊高頻詞，通常表示某事/人/物已有穩(wěn)固地位，比如established capitalist countries通常被翻成老牌資本主義國家。They are an established company with a good reputation. 他們是一家地位穩(wěn)固，信譽良好的公司。An established actor 著名演員】
2. The implications of these insurgencies are?hard to exaggerate.這些反叛者的影響已經(jīng)深遠到不能再夸大。
【這些黑馬帶來的影響難以估量。infurgencies 原指an attempt to take control of a country be force,此處是和老牌政黨成對比】
3..The resulting realignment will have reverberations far beyond France’s borders.It could revitalize the European Union, or wreck it. 重組的結(jié)果將會引起遠超法國國境的反響，它可以重新振興歐盟，或使其毀滅。
【隨之而來的改變所影響的范圍遠遠不止法國本土，歐盟極有可能因此重振或毀滅。Reverberation原意是回聲，引申為影響，尤指廣泛且消極的影響?！?/b>
4. Further fueling voter’s anger is their?anguish at?the state of France. 更進一步助長選民的憤怒是他們在法國本土的痛苦不堪。
【法國的現(xiàn)狀令當?shù)剡x民極為苦惱，這進一步激發(fā)了他們的憤怒。】
5. Its vast state, which absorbs 57% of GDP, has sapped the country’s vitality. 它龐大的政府，汲取了近57%的GDP，已經(jīng)嚴重削弱了國家的活力。
【龐大的政府消耗了GDP的57%，國家的活力因此而被削弱。
Sap vitality/energy/confidence:sap sth/sap sb of sth: to make sb/sth weaker; to destroy sth gradually.
The hot sun sapped our energy.
Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence.
注：Vast?state指政府臃腫龐大，開支驚人，中國2010年政府開支占GDP比重為22%，供參考】
6. If she pulls France out of the euro, it would trigger?a financial crisis and doom a union that, for all its flaws, has promoted peace?and prosperity in Europe for six decades. 如果她把法國拉出歐盟，將會引發(fā)一場金融危機，把歐盟推向末路。后者盡管存在種種問題，卻給歐洲帶來了持續(xù)60年的和平與繁榮。
【如果她使法國退出歐元區(qū)，則會引發(fā)一場金融危機，并且將歐盟帶向滅亡。盡管歐盟有各種缺陷，但在過去六十年間確實促進了歐洲的和平與繁榮發(fā)展。
Forall=despite很眼熟有木有？？！高頻詞】
神詞組：
1.?Uselessness and self-dealing of the ruling class： 統(tǒng)治階層的無用和假公濟私
2.?Exposed deep cultural rifts with暴露與..深層的文化裂痕【Rift=division The rift within the party deepened.黨內(nèi)分歧加深了。 Efforts to heal the rift between the two countries have failed.彌合兩國間分歧的各種努力都已失敗?！?/b>
3.?Get to grips with：認真對待處理【grip原意是“緊握”，延伸為“控制，影響力”，此處可理解為“解決”…】
4.?Overhaul of pensions and social security養(yǎng)老金和社會保障的徹底改革【退休金和社會保障改革 】
5.Massive strikes： 大規(guī)模罷工
6.Tap into that frustration: 利用那些挫敗【利用這種沮喪的情緒】
7.Radically different： 截然不同的
8.Call a referendum on leaving the EU公投離開歐盟【號召脫歐公投】
9.Staunchlypro-trade/embraces cultural change and technological disruption 堅決支持貿(mào)易/ 接受文化變遷和技術顛覆（創(chuàng)新）【堅定支持…】
10?Be short on precise policies缺乏精確的策略【缺少具體的政策】
11.Pitch himself as： 定位自己為【把自己宣傳/定位成…名詞：an aggressivesales pitch:強有力的推銷行話，Each company was given ten minutes tomake its pitch.每個公司有十分鐘的時間進行推銷宣傳;
動詞：推銷pitchsth at sb/pitch sth as sth: to aim or direct a product or service at aparticular ?group of people.? Eg. The new software is being pitched atbanks.這種新軟件以銀行為目標市場。】
12.Trim the state payroll by削減政府工資 【削減員工數(shù)量】
13.Repudiation of the status quo對現(xiàn)狀的批判否認【對現(xiàn)狀的抗拒】
14.Appeal to sb?吸引，受……歡迎【to attract or interest sb. Eg. The design has to appeal to allages and social groups.設計要雅俗共賞，老幼皆宜】
15.Hefty loan?巨額貸款
16.Suffer hacking attacks遭受黑客襲擊
17.Slash labor code:痛貶勞動法【簡化勞動法】
18.Enact agenda: 執(zhí)行議程【執(zhí)行計劃】
總結(jié)反思：
上次關注總統(tǒng)大選應該是美國去年的大選，對法國本來無感，不過學習了這篇文章也是開闊了眼界。整篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)很簡單，唯一有障礙的就是大量生詞了。也因為看的時刊較少，所以啃詞花費的時間較多。
先回顧下文章，作者的立意是法國的總統(tǒng)大選無疑是法國的又一次革命，只是這次革命會把法國帶向何處，它的影響又不限在法國，對歐盟的未來也息息相關，或者重新激發(fā)歐盟的活力，或者致其毀滅。除卻被踢除的那幾位候選人，現(xiàn)在遙遙領先選票的就是兩匹黑馬了（Marine Le
Pen） 和（Emmanuel?Macron）。 統(tǒng)觀作者列舉的幾位候選人和歷屆領導人的事跡，再加上背景調(diào)查，真的覺得現(xiàn)在的總統(tǒng)大選都是“世無英雄，使豎子成名”的局面。已經(jīng)沒有哪位候選人是真的當之無愧，而頂多是沒有更好的選項所以我只能選你。對法國而言，兩位黑馬就是兩個對立面，Macron主張開放（open),Le pen主張關門保護（closed) . 在法國目前種種困境和矛盾困擾下，兩位也是使盡解數(shù)亮出各自的主張籠絡人心。孰是孰非，作者在文末也給出了自己的直觀見解，在這點上我也贊同作者的看法，當前全球化的大環(huán)境下，想用保護限制的辦法，來帶動一個國家走向振興，實在覺得像極了閉關鎖國時的大清國。
關于詞匯方面，還是結(jié)合篤師的翻譯來重新過了一遍，亮點很多，for all=despite ,tap into, pitch ?as, 等真的是豐富了自己的詞庫太多。
