1. pros and cons
來源
Understanding the structure of business taxation is critical for evaluating the pros and cons of these policy initiatives. ——Chen et al.，2021AER
釋義
“the pros and cons” 是一個(gè)非常地道、常用的英語表達(dá)，意思是：優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，或 利與弊?！狦PT
例句
We need to weigh the pros and cons before making a decision.
我們需要權(quán)衡利弊再做決定。
What are the pros and cons of working remotely?
遠(yuǎn)程辦公有哪些優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)？
Every job has its pros and cons.
每份工作都有它的好處和壞處。
造句
Before making an investment decision, I usually carefully consider it's pros and cons.
I always weigh the pros and cons before making any investment decisions.
2.initiatives
來源
同上句
釋義
一個(gè)新提出或正在推動(dòng)的政策、計(jì)劃或措施。通常與policy搭配
例句
The city introduced a green initiative to reduce carbon emissions.
造句
- This initiative issued by SEC is intend to encourages listed firms to engage in ESG disclosure.
- Polished by GPT: This initiative by the SEC is aimed at encouraging listed firms to engage in ESG disclosure.
3.fiscal incentives
來源
In addition, policy makers in China also provide fiscal incentives for a broad range of firm activities.——出處同上
釋義
In your sentence, "fiscal" describes government-driven financial support tools, and "fiscal incentives" are methods the government uses — through money or tax policy — to encourage firms to behave in certain ways (e.g. innovate, expand, invest, hire).
簡單地說，等同于financial benefits。
造句
- The government has issued a set of fiscal incentive that is intend to stimulate techenical improvement in artifitial inteligence.
- Polished by GPT: The government has issued a set of fisical incentives intended to stimulate technological advancement in artificial intelligence.
4.forestall
出處
First, the fact that the data are used by Chinese tax authorities to audit companies helps forestall concerns over data quality.——同上
釋義
預(yù)先組織、提前防止
fore為前綴，意為在……之前，表示時(shí)間上的預(yù)先
stall的意思是阻礙、拖延（有點(diǎn)像stop）
拖延（e.g. The speaker stalled to think of a better answer.）
熄火（e.g. The car stalled in the middle of the road.）
back to the original sentence，there is a simplified rephrasing for it:
- “Because Chinese tax authorities rely on the data to audit companies, it helps prevent doubts about the data’s quality.”
5.forestry
詞根forest
詞綴-ry，表示某種“學(xué)科、行業(yè)、行為或場所”
6.dispersion
出處
Our unique data allow us to document new patterns of dispersion in actual taxes and subsidies.
釋義
分散
例句
A low dispersion means the data points are close to the mean.離散程度越低，表示數(shù)據(jù)集中在平均值附近。
There was a wide dispersion in income levels across regions.
Asset returns often exhibit significant dispersion during volatile markets.
造句
- The GDP growth rate across the country's cities exhibit significant disperiton.
- Polished by GPT: GDP growth rates across the country's cities exihibit significant dispertion.
