我目前主要在讀紙質(zhì)書，隨著讀書數(shù)量的增多，發(fā)現(xiàn)讀一遍書是不能夠記住書的內(nèi)容，于是我提倡把一本書讀三遍的，第一遍弄清楚意思，第二遍快速的細讀，第三遍用自己的語言寫筆記。這樣效果會好些。在用這個方法的時候，我也一直在尋找讀書的方法，找到了這篇文章，翻譯出來分享給大家。
目錄：
1.這篇文章的原文目錄
2.作者寫這篇文章的背景
3.讀書時記筆記的三步曲
一. ?這篇文章的原文目錄
Before you get started: Filter the book by reading the preface, index, table of contents, and inside jacket. This tells you where the author is going to take you and, importantly, the vocabulary they will use.
在你開始閱讀前，通過閱讀書的前言，索引，目錄以及腰封，篩選書籍。這種方法能讓你知道作者的寫作目的，更重要的是，作者將使用的語言。
There are three steps to effectively taking notes while reading:
閱讀時高效地記筆記，有以下三步：
- At the end of each chapter write a few bullet points that summarize what you’ve read and make it personal if you can — that is, apply it to something in your life. Also note any unanswered questions. When you’re done the book, put it down for a week.
每讀完一章，用自己的語言寫下章節(jié)的關鍵點，來總結你讀過的內(nèi)容。這些關鍵點也是要應用到生活中的。當你讀完一本書，把它放上一周。 - Pick up the book again and go through all your notes. Most of these will be garbage but there will be lots you want to remember. Write the good stuff on the inside cover of the book along with a page number.
把書再拾起來，瀏覽你的筆記。大多數(shù)筆記都是垃圾，但也有你想記住的內(nèi)容。將好的材料寫到書封面的內(nèi)面，并寫下頁碼。 - Copy out the excerpts by hand or take a picture of them to pop into Evernote. Tag accordingly.
手抄一些摘錄，拍照上傳到Evernote，并根據(jù)內(nèi)容貼上相應的標簽。
二. ?作者寫這篇文章的背景
Dear Shane,
Can you tell me how you take notes while reading?
您能告訴我如何在閱讀時做筆記嗎？
— Jeff
I’ve been asked this question a lot. Everyone wants to know how to read a book. Well, one of the best ways to better filter and connect ideas is to read with pen in hand so you can take notes while reading. This Marginalia — the tiny fragments that come into your head while reading — is a dying but important art that helps you remember what you read.
我經(jīng)常被問到這個問題，每個人都想知道如何閱讀一本書。在那么多好方法中，其中有一個更好的過濾以及聯(lián)想觀點的方法是閱讀的時候手里拿著一支筆，以便于你記筆記。這種標注就是你在閱讀時，大腦產(chǎn)生的想法。這種標注是一種趨于消失但很重要的藝術，可以幫助你記憶。
Like almost everything in life there is no magical answer that fits everyone. I can speak to the three-step process that works effectively for me on up to 150 books a year. However, you’re going to have to see if that works for you. While this sounds like a bit of trial and error (because it is), it’s the only way to create lasting habit changes, improve your recall, and be able to easily find that passage you’re looking for.
就像生活中的大多數(shù)事物一樣，沒有一個適合所有人的神奇答案。我只能說這種三步走的讀書方法對我來說很有效，讓我一年可以讀150本書。然后，你只有實踐了才知道適不適合你。雖然這聽起來有點像試錯（它就是），但它是唯一能讓你創(chuàng)造持續(xù)的閱讀習慣、改善你回憶、輕松發(fā)現(xiàn)原文內(nèi)容的方法。
三. ?讀書時記筆記的三步曲
Taking Notes While Reading
閱讀時記筆記
Step One.
步驟1
The first thing I do when I pick up a book is read the preface, the table of contents, and the inside jacket. Often, I’ll glance over the index too. This doesn’t take long and often saves me time, as a lot of books do not make it past this filter. Maybe it doesn’t contain the information I’m trying to gain. If it seems crappy, I’ll flip to a few random pages to verify.
我拿起一本書做的第一件事是，閱讀書的前言、目錄、腰封。我也會看看索引。這不需要花多少時間，還為我節(jié)約時間呢，因為大多數(shù)書過不了這樣的篩選。它沒有我需要的信息。如果經(jīng)過這樣的篩選后，書的內(nèi)容很差，我隨機看上幾頁來確認。
This filter is a form of systematic skimming. This isn’t my term, Mortimer Adler, a guy who literally wrote the the book on reading, came up with it. Adler says there are four levels of reading. I tend to blend inspectional reading and analytical reading together for most books.
這樣的篩選是一種系統(tǒng)的篩選。這不是我發(fā)明的，是Mortimer Adler的，它寫了關于閱讀的書，在書里提出了這個方法。Adler說有四種層面的閱讀。對于大多數(shù)書來說，我把檢索性閱讀和分析性閱讀混合在一起了。
When I start reading the book, I have an idea what it’s about, the main argument, and some of the terminology involved. I know where the author is going to take me and the broad strokes of how they will bring me along.
當我開始閱讀一本書的時候，由于有了篩選，對于作者的觀點，一些術語以及書的主要內(nèi)容，我有了初步的了解。我知道作者寫作目的以及大概的了解他如何達到他的目的。
While reading, I take notes. I circle words I need to look up. I star points that I think are critical to the argument. I underline anything that strikes me as interesting. I comment like a mad man in the margins. I try to tease out assumptions, etc.
我一邊讀一邊記筆記。圈出需要查的詞。用星號標出我認為對于論證很關鍵的地方。在勾起我興趣的內(nèi)容下面劃線標記。像瘋子一樣在頁邊寫下評論。我努力理順作者的假設。
Essentially, I’m trying to engage in a conversation with the author. Maybe my questions will be answered on the next page or in the next chapter. Maybe I’ll need to find another book to answer them. Who knows. But I write them down.
重要的是，我嘗試參與到與作者的對話中?；蛟S我的問題在下一頁或者下一章就能找到對應的答案。或許我再另一本書里才能找到答案。誰知道呢。但我會把他們寫下來。
At the end of each chapter I write a few bullet points that summarize what I’ve just read. When I’m done, I let the book age. I put the book on my desk and I won’t touch it for anywhere from a few days to a week.
在每章的最后，我會列個清單，用來總結我讀過的內(nèi)容。當我結束的時候，就暫時把書放一邊了。一周內(nèi)我是不會再碰它的。
Step two.
步驟2
When I pick the book up again, I re-read every scribble, underline, and comment I’ve made (assuming I can still read my writing).
當我再捧起書的時候，我會重新讀一讀我的手抄、劃線的內(nèi)容以及注釋（如果我還能認出我的筆記的話。
I’m not the same person I was the first time I read the book, two things have changed: (1) I’ve read the entire book and (2) I’ve had a chance to sleep on what may have seemed earth-shattering at the time but now just seems meh.
同第一次讀書時的我比，我已經(jīng)不一樣了。兩件事變了：1.我已經(jīng)讀完了甄本書。2.經(jīng)過消化后，當時很令我震驚的內(nèi)容現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不足為奇了。
If something still strikes my interest, I write a note in the first few pages of the book, in my own words, on the topic. Often this is a summary but increasingly it’s ways to apply the knowledge. I index this to the page number in the book.
如果仍然有東西勾起我的興趣。我會在書的前面幾頁，用自己的話寫一寫筆記。這樣雖然是總結但是是在應用知識。我把這些總結和書里對應的頁碼聯(lián)系起來。
Sometimes, and this depends on the book, I’ll create a sort of mental summary of the book’s main arguments and gaps. Sometimes I’ll cross-link points with other books.
但有些時候，這也視書而定，有時我會創(chuàng)造將書里的主要觀點的總結記在腦子里。有時我也將它們和其他書聯(lián)系在一起。
Step 3 (optional).
步驟3.（選擇性執(zhí)行）
Wait a few days. Then go through the book and copy out excerpts by hand and put them into your repository or common place book.
幾天后，再去掃讀一下書以及手抄的摘錄，并它們放到你的收藏夾里。
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