想當(dāng)年參加英語語言考試，尤其是GRE、GMAT的時候，總是覺得找不著寫作的感覺，后來出國上學(xué)英文寫作起來也不算輕松。但是最近兩年當(dāng)我看過N本英文書之后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)寫出來邏輯并不難。
如我在以前的文章中所寫，學(xué)英文的第一條就是興趣。自從我有了孩子就研究孩子的成長，隔三差五我就看完一本英文育兒書，一年下來讀了幾十本英文書，英文的邏輯也就自然而然的找到感覺了。
一、邏輯的順序
邏輯的順序可以是：演繹、時間、結(jié)構(gòu)、重要性。后三種屬于歸納組織邏輯順序。
演繹——大前提、小前提、結(jié)論；
時間——第一、第二、第三
結(jié)構(gòu)——A、B、C沒有先后順序，等級、重要性相當(dāng)
重要性——最重要、次要、最次；
具體的關(guān)于英文寫作邏輯，我推薦參考書《金字塔原理》，簡書的《讀書》專題，有很多篇關(guān)于此書的讀書筆記，這里不贅述。
二、邏輯一定要在文章的開頭就講清楚
所以一本書的序言，基本上都是在講這本書論證的邏輯；一篇論文，基本上第一段就是摘要。這就要求作者的語言功底非常好，用語言表達出邏輯順序，而不是數(shù)字或符號。舉幾個例子：
開始介紹：
before dip your toes in the water......
initiate conversations about......
debunk the myth that......
touch on this topic in the subsequent chapters.
切入主題：
address some issues about ......
discuss the sign of......
explore the reasons of......
...... is equally important
first, second
finally, last
結(jié)論：
conclude the book with......
determine how......
equip you to do something with......
share my testimony in this capacity as long as......
三、邏輯詞匯盡量不重復(fù)，而且要用書面語言，這樣比較正式，邏輯也比較強。
以下列出的過渡邏輯詞匯算書面語言，取代的就是等號（＝）后面的口語中常用的簡單詞。我用以下這種格式，為了便于你打印，然后加上自己的例句。
進一步論證＝and/also
further
furthermore
moreover
in addition
additionally
besides
again
比較=like/as
similarly
comparable
in the same way
likewise
對比=but/although
however
still
nevertheless
on the other hand
on the contrary
even so
notwithstanding
for all that
in contrast
alternatively
at the same time
though this may be
otherwise
instead
nonetheless
conversely
時間順序=before/after
meanwhile
at length
presently
at last
finally
immediately
thereafter
at that time
subsequently
eventually
currently
in the meantime
in the past
in the future
目的=so that
to this end
with this object
for this purpose
for that reason
because of this x
位置=there/here
at that point
opposite to
adjacent to
on the other side
in the front
in the back
結(jié)論 so.....
hence
therefore
accordingly
consequently
thus
thereupon
as a result
in consequence
例子＝that is
for example
for instance
an instance of this
this can be seen in
總結(jié)＝in sum, in general
in short
on the whole
as I said
in other words
to be sure
in fact
indeed
clearly
of course
anyway
remarkably
I think
assuredly
definitely
without doubt
for all that
on the whole
in any event
importantly
certainly
四、一定要有例子、有數(shù)據(jù)
沒有例子，沒有數(shù)據(jù)會讓人印象不深刻，也不容易理解。除非你專業(yè)性很強，好像教科書一樣，每個概念都很嚴(yán)謹。即使這樣，教師們也還是通過例子來授人以漁的。
需要注意的是：
1.代詞要用好，不要給人代丟了。he/she/it......his/her/its.....
The oranges are in the kitchen bowl. Eat all you want, but check them for ripeness first.
2.關(guān)鍵的詞多重復(fù)幾遍
Many cities are overcrowded. But now there is help for the city. ＝ But overcrowding is being addressed by additional trasit lines, which will allow more people to live in the suburbs.
3.掌握一堆同義詞／短語
Fred’s car is fast and powerful. But is such a vehicle legal? And don’t hot rods like that pollute the air?.
4.指示代詞要指代明確，this/that
Some people suggest giving up salt on popcorn. This idea, however, is ridiculous.
When the man saw the girl begging, he took a picture of her, even though she objected. He thought this was unusual. [What was unusual, the girl begging or her objecting to being photographed?]
以上是我總結(jié)的寫作經(jīng)驗和用詞，當(dāng)你讀大量的文章的時候，你自然就理解了邏輯的重要。當(dāng)你會表達邏輯的時候，閱讀也就迎刃而解了。希望對你有幫助。
我是琢愛舟，本文為原創(chuàng)，如需轉(zhuǎn)載請與作者聯(lián)系，謝謝！
